1. >>EXPORT CORAL FOR SALE AT ONCE RESERVED<<<
Indonesian is the owner of the second largest coral reef in the world (after Australia) with an area of 42,000
square kilometers, or 17 percent of the world's coral reefs.
Coral reef ecosystems are scattered in almost two thirds of Indonesia's coastline length of 80,000 km. A
potential resource that is priceless. Coral or coral animal is a kind of hollow decorative lime producer. Coral
is part of a coral reef ecosystem that is the source of most marine biodive rsity rich.
Coral reefs have a very high economic value. In the world of international trade, the types of coral are
included in Appendix II of CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
And Flora), which means that although the international trade of coral types are legal, but the trade must be
strictly controlled to prevent possible exploitation which can result in excessive extinction of the types of
coral.
Coral is a high source of fish. Of the 132 species of economically important fish in Indonesia, 32 species of
which live in coral reefs, various types of reef fish became an export commodity. Healthy coral reefs
produce 3 -10 tonnes of fish per square kilometer per year. Unfortunately up to now are still many people
who took the coral reefs just off the ocean. "The condition of coral reefs in Indonesia has been so
alarming," said Yaya Mulyana Director of Conservation and Marine Park Islands National Directorate of
Coastal and Small Islands (KP3K) DKP.
Damage to coral reefs is quite large, currently accounts for about 61% of Indonesia's coral reef area of
42,000 km2 in damaged condition. In fact, 15% of them have been very critical. Well, if not immediate
rehabilitation in total, it is feared extinction of Indonesian coral reefs will not inevitable.
Of Indonesia's coral reefs, only 7% who are in very good condition and 33% of them either. El Nino events
of 1997 and 1998 have caused widespread coral bleaching in the waters of Indonesia, especially in the
western region. Coral bleaching occurs in the eastern part of Sumatra, Java, Bali and Lombok. In the
Thousand Islands, approximately 90-95% of coral reefs to depths of 25 meters was dying.
2. Export potential
In the Thousand Islands, Jakarta, citizens may now enjoy living from selling reef. The condition of coral
reefs that are traded is a result of cultivation, and not the result of direct retrieval of nature. Technical
cultivation of coral reefs through transpalansi so easy, although not all types of coral can ditranpalansi. "But
now ditranpalansi species would be more and more," said Yaya Mulyana.
In the Thousand Islands, once identified, have as many as 237 species of coral that grows at a depth of 5-
20 meters. These species include the root bahar (Antiphates sp), table corals (Acropora spp), Pavona spp,
Montipora spp and Fungia spp. In general types of coral reefs have this form, either in the form of atolls
(barrier reef) and fringing (fringing reef).
One of the companies included in the business of coral reefs is PT Pura Barutama. The company project in
the development of aquaculture coral (coral) and giant oysters with an investment of USD 9.5 billion in
Sambangan Island, Karimunjawa, Jepara district since 2003. This effort is intended to exploit the potential
of marine wealth as an export commodity.
Coral aquaculture projects were developed on the island of 10 hectares Sambangan gradually at a cost of
investment of USD 9.5 billion. The coral cultivation project produced to meet the needs of export markets in
Europe, as well as efforts to help preserve the natural and repair damage to coral reefs in waters
3. Publications. Corals and giant clams have a clear marketing prospects as commodity exports, although not
easy to conduct marine aquaculture activities that result. The initial phase will Barutama Pura exporting
various kinds of coral reef 15,000 per year.
Marine ecosystem which consists of various types of marine flora and fauna that are generally dominated
by corals living in shallow tropical waters with a depth of 20-40 meters is very important, because it is home
to animals that have high economic value such as: fish napoleon wrasse , grouper, lobster and so on. It is
estimated that more than 2,500 species of fish and 500 species of coral that live in it.
Indeed accelerated growth of coral reefs could not keep pace with the damage. Very slow growth of
between 0.5 to 2.5 cm per year. While the growth rate is highly dependent on the shape factor of the colony
and the environmental conditions in which the coral was alive. Just for the record, coral reefs can live and
grow well at a temperature of 26 ° - 28 ° C with a salinity of 30-36 ppm, and need light to perform
photosynthesis and require a hard substrate for larval settlement planula.
Coral Reef Protected
Coral reef itself is actually a diiindungi animals, especially in terms of trade because it involves the
conservation of nature. Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation of the Ministry of
Forestry for example governing technical shelter since 2003. reef corals can be used by the public in
accordance with applicable regulations, is usually used as the main decoration in the manufacture of
marine aquarium.
Source of coral making trade regulated by Government Regulation No. 8 of 1999 on the Use of Wild Fauna
and Flora, and the Ministerial Decree No. 62 / Kpts-II / 1998 on Administration of Wild Fauna and Flora
Circulation came from outside the conservation area (nature conservation area and natural spaces).
In the use of coral, besides should consider how to capture and transport, how to shelter an important
factor that corals are not damaged, defective, dead and other disorders that do not diminish the value of
quality.
4. Preparation of Technical Guidelines for Collecting Koral is that the entrepreneur / dealers coral both
domestically and abroad as well as the public at large can find out the terms of minimal shelter coral is
good and right, with the aim to standardize the shelter coral technically qualified, health and safety.
Targets to be achieved from this technical guideline is the assurance of safety, health, quality and safety
coral while in the shelter, so that the mortality rate for the shelter can be reduced to below 1%.
Source: Magazine Demersal
