1. The environment restaurant
Cooking up the best in OS’s
Martin de Keijzer
17-08-2013, Borsele Nederland - PHPBenelux Summer BBQ

2. Introduction
A.K.A. Who the hell are you?
!2

3. About me
•Martin de Keijzer
•Dutch web developer
Working for Ibuildings
PHPBenelux Board Member
@Martin1982
http://www.martindekeijzer.nl
!3

4. No PHP in this talk....
Devs
!4

5. Dev environments
Ways to develop
!5

6. Central server
• Everyone has the same
environment
• Code can be tested
immediately by PM’s
• Developers don’t need
to install stuff
!6

7. Central server
• If the server is down,
everyone’s down
• If the code breaks, a lot
of people can’t continue
• Everyone needs access
to a critical business
asset (even the interns)
!7

8. Local server
• Everyone has an
environment to break
• Deployment tests are
easily done by one
developer
• Developer freedom of
software
!8

9. Local server
• Developers can install
unsupported software
• Every developer needs
time to setup an
environment
• An environmentdependent change can
still break the code
!9

10. Vagrant
The homeless love restaurants
!10

11. Versionable environment
• Save your environment
to a VCS and share
• Everyone can tinker with
their environment and
rebuild in minutes
• Developers have the
freedom to update
environments
• Environments can be
reviewed by team leads
!11

12. Versionable environment
• Steep learning curve to
make it really functional
We’ll fix this.... today!
!12

13. Prerequisites
OR
VirtualBox
(free)
VMWare
(commercial)
!13

14. Prerequisites
http://www.vagrantup.com
!14

15. Getting started
vagrant
init
Create a basic vagrant file
!15

16. Vagrantfile
•#
-­‐*-­‐
mode:
ruby
-­‐*-­‐
•#
vi:
set
ft=ruby
:
!
•Vagrant.configure("2")
do
|config|
•
config.vm.box
=
"precise64"
•
config.vm.box_url
=
"http://dl.dropbox.com/u/1537815/precise64.box"
•
config.vm.network
:private_network,
ip:
"192.168.33.10"
•
config.vm.synced_folder
".",
"/vagrant_data"
•
config.vm.provider
:virtualbox
do
|vb|
•
vb.customize
["modifyvm",
:id,
"-­‐-­‐memory",
"1024"]
•
end
•end
!16

17. Getting up and running
vagrant
up
!17

18. More options
vagrant
suspend
vagrant
resume
vagrant
destroy
vagrant
ssh
!18

19. Getting up and running
All done!
Thank you!
!19

20. Getting up and running
But how about my software?
Nginx? PHP 5.5.1? Solr?
!20

21. Provisioning
Taking away the hassle
!21

22. Provisioning
!22

23. Bash
!23

24. Puppet
!24

25. Chef
Make your restaurant smooth with a Chef
!25

26. Chef
!26

27. Cookbooks
!27

28. Utilizing cookbooks
•config.vm.provision
:chef_solo
do
|chef|
•
chef.cookbooks_path
=
"provision/cookbooks"
•
chef.add_recipe
"wp-­‐cli"
•
chef.add_recipe
"wp_site_myproject"
•
chef.json
=
{
•
:mysql
=>
{
•
:server_debian_password
=>
'vagrant',
•
:server_root_password
=>
'vagrant',
•
:server_repl_password
=>
'vagrant'
•
}
•
}
•
end
!28

29. Vagrant up
!29

30. Librarian
The Chef’s best friend for cookbooks
!30

31. Librarian
gem
install
librarian-­‐chef
!31

32. Create your librarian
librarian-­‐chef
init
!32

33. Cheffile
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
#^syntax detection
site 'http://community.opscode.com/api/v1'
!
# cookbook 'chef-client'
# cookbook 'apache2', '>= 1.0.0'
# cookbook 'rvm',
# :git => 'https://github.com/fnichol/chef-rvm'
# cookbook 'postgresql',
# :git => 'https://github.com/findsyou/cookbooks',
# :ref => 'postgresql-improvements'
!33

34. Loading cookbooks
librarian-­‐chef
install
librarian-­‐chef
update
librarian-­‐chef
clean
librarian-­‐chef
show
!34

35. Knife
When your Chef and Librarian can’t handle
!35

36. Knife
gem
install
chef
!36

37. A new cookbook
attributes
definitions
files
libraries
metadata.rb
providers
recipes
resources
templates
Default configurations
exposed functions
resource files
reuseable libraries
Meta information
defines actions
runnable scripts
runs providers
views-like
•knife
cookbook
create
mybook
-­‐o
./
mycookbooks
!37

38. Metadata.rb
name
'wp-­‐cli'
maintainer
'Martin
de
Keijzer'
maintainer_email
'mdkeijzer@ibuildings.nl'
license
'LGPL
V3'
description
'Installs/Configures
wp-­‐cli'
long_description
IO.read(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),
'README.md'))
version
'0.1.0'
!
depends
"curl"
depends
"git"
depends
"php"
depends
"mysql"
depends
"database"
!38

39. attributes/default.rb
•default['wp']['wpcli-­‐dir']
=
'/usr/share/wp-­‐cli'
•default['wp']['wpcli-­‐version']
=
'@stable'
•default['wp']['wpcli-­‐link']
=
'/usr/bin/wp'
•Filename must match the recipe name
•‘default’ is a special name
!39

40. recipes/default.rb
•#
Cookbook
Name::
wp-­‐cli
•#
More
comments.....
•include_recipe
'git'
•#
More
prerequisites
!
•#
create
wpcli
dir
•directory
node['wp']['wpcli-­‐dir']
do
•
recursive
true
•end
!
•
!40

41. recipes/default.rb
•#
download
installer
•remote_file
"#{node['wp']['wpcli-­‐dir']}/
installer.sh"
do
•
source
'http://wp-­‐cli.org/installer.sh'
•
mode
0755
•
action
:create_if_missing
•end
!
•
!41

42. recipes/default.rb
•bin_dir
=
::File.join(node['wp']['wpcli-­‐dir'],
'bin',
'wp')
!
•#
run
installer
•bash
'install
wp-­‐cli'
do
•
code
'./installer.sh'
•
cwd
node['wp']['wpcli-­‐dir']
•
environment
'INSTALL_DIR'
=>
node['wp']['wpcli-­‐
dir'],
•
'VERSION'
=>
node['wp']['wpcli-­‐version']
•
creates
bin_dir
•end
•
!42

43. recipes/default.rb
•#
link
wp
bin
•link
node['wp']['wpcli-­‐link']
do
•
to
bin_dir
•end
if
node['wp']['wpcli-­‐link']
!43

44. Cookbook done
Congratulations
you’ve taken the
first baby steps
in creating a reusable
cookbook!
!44

45. Bonus: templates/default
•#
redirect
met
zonder
www
naar
www.<%=
@params[:server_name]
%>
•<VirtualHost
*:80>
•
ServerName
<%=
@params[:server_name]
%>
•
Redirect
/
http://www.<%=
@params[:server_name]
%>/
•</VirtualHost>
!45

46. Usage from a recipe
•web_app
"mysite"
do
•
template
"mytemplate.conf.erb"
•
docroot
node[:mysite][:dir]
•
server_name
node[:mysite][:server_name]
•end
!46

47. Conclusion
What have we learned?
!47

48. Conclusion
•Developers require:
‣ Virtualbox or VMWare
‣ Vagrant
•Team leads / Devops require:
‣ All of the above
‣ Chef + Knife
‣ Librarian
‣ Enough Server OS experience to cook up the best
environments
!48

49. QUESTIONS
!49

50. Thank you for listening
Bon appetit
mdkeijzer@ibuildings.nl
@Martin1982