High Intensity Soil Survey

High Intensity Soil Survey: A Recommendation for Policies, Procedures, and Guidelines for Implementation Mark S. McClain Soil Horizons, Inc. (Lafayette, Indiana) & MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc. (Kennesaw, Georgia) November 14, 2006 Symposium—High Intensity Soil Surveys: II Soil Science Society of America 2006 Annual Meetings ~ INTRODUCTION A recommendation for policies, procedures, and guideline for the implementation of site-specific High Intensity Soil Survey (HISS) and Order 1 NCSS Soil Surveys is presented in this poster. This will include map scales, base maps, map unit purity, field mapping procedures, identification of map units, soils and map legend, map labeling, the HISS report and map, and a proposed Soil Investigative Process. MAP SCALE The High Intensity Soil Survey (HISS) and site-specific mapping scale must be large enough to allow refined distinctions among homogeneous delineations of soils. The soil scientist and the end-user of the HISS map must select a map scale which is suitable to their needs. According to SSSNNE Special Publication #3, the base map should be 1:12,000 (1”=1000’) or larger. This area is shown in Table 1 as an Order 1 Soil Survey. Table 1. Guide to Map Scales and Minimum-Size Delineations 1 3 Traditionally, the minimum size delineation is assumed to be a 1/4 inch square, or a circle with an area of 1/16 in 2 . Cartographically, this is about the smallest area in which a conventional soil map symbol can be legibly printed. Smaller areas can, but rarely are, delineated and the symbol “ lined in” from outside the delineation. 1 Modified from: Peterson, F.F. 1981. Landforms of the Basin and Range Province, defined for Soil Survey. Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station, Technical Bulletin No. 28, Reno, NV. 2 Traditionally, the minimum size delineation is assumed to be a 1/4 inch square, or a circle with an area of 1/16 inches 2 . Cartographically, this is about the smallest area in which a conventional soil map symbol can be legibly printed. Smaller areas can, but rarely are, delineated and the symbol “ lined in” from outside the delineation. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Typical HISS Minimum Map Scale (See Table 2) NCSS Order 1 Minimum Map Scale USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle maps USGS 15-minute topographic quadrangle maps Typical USDA-NRCS Soil Survey Table 2. High Intensity Soil Survey Map Scales ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Increasing Order of Complexity Increasing Intensity of Investigation  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],MAP UNIT PURITY Soil map units in the HISS should be either consociations or complexes. The criteria for consociations and complexes are found in the National Cooperative Soil Survey standards. The following figure from the SSSNNE Special Publication #3 graphically depicts the components of a consociation. The Soil Investigative Process (SIP) shown in Figures 2 and 3 involves the following progression: Preliminary Investigation, use of USDA-NRCS Soil Survey, Specific-Use Soil Inventory (On-Site Investigation), either an NCSS Order 1 Soil Survey or a Specific-Use High Intensity Soil Survey, and then the follow-up Site-Specific Investigation, which is also an On-Site Investigation. 0.0143 1” = 100’ 1” = 1,200” 1:1,200 0.0052 1” = 50’ 1” = 600” 1:600 0.0013 1” = 30’ 1” = 360” 1:360 0.0006 1” = 20’ 1” = 240” 1:240 0.0001 1” = 10’ 1” = 120” 1:120 Order 1 High Intensity Soil Survey (HISS) Acres Minimum Size Delineation 3 Map Scale Order of Soil Survey 2,240,000 0.0042 1:15,000,000 560,000 0.0084 1:7,500,000 10,000 0.063 1:1,000,000 Very General 5,600 0.084 1:750,000 2,500 0.127 1:500,000 623 0.25 1:250,000 156 0.51 1:125,000 100 0.63 1:100,000 64 0.79 1:80,000 Order 5 40 1.00 1:63,360 39 1.01 1:62,500 36 1.05 1:60,000 Order 4 10.0 2.00 1:31,680 9.0 2.11 1:30,000 Order 3 5.7 2.64 1:24,000 4.00 3.17 1:20,000 2.50 4.00 1:15,840 1.43 5.28 1:12,000 Order 2 1.00 6.34 1:10,000 0.62 8.0 1:7,920 0.25 12.7 1:5,000 0.040 31.7 1:2,000 0.100 63.4 1:1,000 0.0025 126.7 1:500 Order 1 Minimum Size Delineation 2 Acres Inches Per Mile Map Scale Order of Soil Survey High Intensity Soil Survey USDA-NRCS Soil Survey Preliminary Investigation    Site-Specific Investigation (On-Site Investigation) Specific-Use HISS NCSS Order 1 Soil Survey Figure 2. Hierarchical Soil Investigative Process HIERARCHICAL SOIL INVESTIGATIVE PROCESS Specific-Use Soil Inventory (On-Site Investigation) Preliminary Investigation USDA-NRCS Soil Survey Specific-Use Soil Inventory (On-Site Investigation) High Intensity Soil Survey NCSS Order 1 Soil Survey Map & Report Specific-Use High Intensity Soil Survey Map & Report Site-Specific Investigation (On-Site Investigation)

High Intensity Soil Survey

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