1.
SINGAPORE
MALAY/MUSLIM
COMMUNITY
IN FIGURES
Population (2015) / Youth (2015) / Education (2010, 2014) / Employment (2010) / Household (2010) / Marriage & Divorce (2014) / Social (2010, 2014) / Health (2010)

2.
SINGAPORE MALAY/MUSLIM COMMUNITY IN FIGURES
Copyright © 2016 Yayasan MENDAKI
Research and Policy Department
Yayasan MENDAKI, Wisma MENDAKI
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Note: The publication contains statistics that are the most recent available at the time of its publication, as retrieved from their respective sources.
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3.
TABLE OF CONTENTs
1 POPULATION 1
1.1 Key Population Trends 1
1.2 Ethnic Composition of Resident Population 2
1.3 Population by Age Group (National and Malay) 3
1.4 Percentage of National and Malay Population by Age Group 4
1.5 Sex Composition of National and Malay Population 4
1.6 Dependency Ratio 5
1.7 Ethnic Composition of Resident Youths 5
1.8 Malay Youths: Breakdown by Age Group & Gender 6
2 EDUCATION 7
2.1 Key Education Trends 7
2.2 Percentage of Pupils Who Passed PSLE 8
2.3 Percentage of Pupils with at least 5 ‘0’ Level Passes 8
2.4 Percentage of Pupils with at least 3 ‘A’/H2 Passes and Pass in GP/K&I 8
2.5 Highest Qualification (National and Malay) 9
2.6 Highest Qualification in 2000 and 2010 10
2.7 Highest Qualification attained according to Marital Status (National and Malay) 11
2.8 Highest Qualification attained according to Gender (National and Malay) 12
2.9 Polytechnic Graduates in 2000 and 2010 (Aged 15 years and over) 13
2.10 Discipline of Study among Polytechnic Graduates according to Gender (National and Malay) 14
2.11 Discipline of Study among Polytechnic Graduates % (National and Malay) 15
2.12 University Graduates in 2000 and 2010 (Aged 15 years and over) 16
2.13 Discipline of Study among University Graduates according to Gender (National and Malay) 17
2.14 Discipline of Study among University Graduates % (National and Malay) 18
3 EMPLOYMENT 19
3.1 Key Employment Trends 19
3.2 Residents aged 15 Years and over by Economic Status (National and Malay) 20
3.3 Male Residents Aged 15 Years and over by Economic Status % (National and Malay) 21
3.4 Female Residents Aged 15 Years And Over By Economic Status % (National and Malay) 22
3.5 Economically Inactive Persons by Age Group & Gender (National and Malay) 23
3.6 Distribution of Workforce by Industry (Resident Population and Malay) 24
3.7 Distribution of Malay Resident Workforce by Industry and Gender 25
4 HOUSEHOLD 26
4.1 Key Household Trends 26
4.2 Monthly Household Income in 2000 (National and Malay) 27
4.3 Monthly Household Income in 2000 % (National and Malay) 28
4.4 Monthly Household Income in 2010 (National and Malay) 29
4.5 Monthly Household Income in 2010 % (National and Malay) 30
4.6 Monthly Household Income 31
4.7 Average Monthly Household Income 32
4.8 Median Household Income 32
4.9 Malay: Household Size 33

4.
4.10 Types of Dwelling 34
4.11 Malay: Types of Dwelling 35
4.12 Home Ownership 35
4.13 Resident Malay Households by Living Arrangement and Sex of Head of Household 36
4.14 Couple-Based Malay Households with Children by Age & Sex of Head of Household 36
5 MARRIAGE & DIVORCE 37
5.1 Key Marriage Trends 37
5.2 Key Divorce Trends 37
5.3 Number of Marriages 38
5.4 Marriages under the Administration of Muslim Law Act By Ethnic Group of Couple 39
5.5 Median Age of Malay Muslim Grooms 40
5.6 Median Age of Malay Muslim Brides 41
5.7 Number of Minor Muslim Marriages 42
5.8 Marriages by Marriage Order of Couples 43
5.9 Number of Malay Muslim Divorces 44
5.10 Median Duration of Muslim Marriages 45
5.11 Divorces by Duration of Muslim Marriages 45
5.12 Main Reasons for Civil Divorces 46
5.13 Main Reasons for Muslim Divorces 46
5.14 Median Age of Muslim Male Divorcees 47
5.15 Median Age of Muslim Female Divorcees 48
6 SOCIAL 49
6.1 Key Drug & Inhalant Trends 49
6.2 Key Language & Literacy Trends 49
6.3 Drug Abusers 50
6.4 New Abusers 50
6.5 Inhalant Abusers 50
6.6 Language Spoken 51
6.7 General Literacy Rate % 52
6.8 Daily Circulation of Newspapers 52
7 HEALTH 53
7.1 Key Health Trends 53
7.2 Diabetes & Hypertension 54
7.3 High Cholesterol & Obesity 55
7.4 Smoking & Regular Exercise 56
8 REFERENCES 57

5.
POPULATION
KEY POPULATION TRENDS
The Malay community is the largest minority group in Singapore. The Malay population increased in absolute
numbers from 482,026 in 2005 to 520,923 in 2015. However, its percentage representation has slightly decreased
from 13.9% in 2005 to 13.3% in 2015.
A higher percentage of the Malay population (45%) are aged 0–29 compared to 36% of the resident population.
Majority of the Malay youths belong to the age group 20–24 (28%).
The female population slightly exceeds the male population for both the Malay and resident population.

6.
CHINESE
74.3 %
MALAY
13.3 %
INDIAN
9.1 %
OTHERS
3.2 %
Source: Population Trends 2015, DOS
Total population = 5,535,000
Total resident population = 3,902,690
Total Malay population = 520,923 (13.3%)
Ethnic Composition of Resident Population
02 POPULATION
Total population comprises Singapore residents and non-residents. Resident population comprises Singapore citizens and permanent residents. Non-resident population comprises foreigners who are
working, studying or living in Singapore but not granted permanent residence, excluding tourists and short-term visitors.

7.
Highest number of people belongs to the age group 20–24(9%).
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85&OVER
Highest number of people belongs to the age group
40–44(8%).
National Population by Age Group (’000)
183.5
204.4
214.3
242.9
264.1 271.0
290.6
301.0
316.7
303.4
315.0
295.0
240.4
182.4
102.6
81.2
51.7
41.6
Malay Population by Age Group (‘000)
31.6 32.3
36.7
43.5
48.5
44.4
37.7
29.5
32.5
37.2
43.1
36.5
26.1
17.1
8.4
7.1
4.8
3.0
Source: Population Trends 2015, DOS
POPULATION 03

8.
Percentage of National and Malay Population by Age Group
Source: Population Trends 2015, DOS
The percentage of Malays aged 0–29 (45%) exceeds the resident population (36%).
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85&OVER
5
6
7
8
9 9
4
3
2 2
Sex Composition of National and Malay Population
50.9 %
(1,986,062)
49.1 %
(1,916,628)
50.3 %
(261,815)
49.7 %
(259,108)
National Population MALAY Population
The female population exceeds the
male population slightly for both
the Malay and resident population.
04 POPULATION
5
6 6 6
7 7 7 7
6 6
8 8 8
7
8 8 8
7
6
5
3
2
1 1 1
n (National) = 3,902,690
n (Malay) = 520,923
NATIONAL MALAY
1
Source: Population Trends 2015, DOS

9.
Source: Population Trends 2015, DOS
Ethnic Composition of Resident Youths
CHINESE 765,635 (72 %)
MALAY 174,350 (16 %)
INDIAN 98,125 (9 %)
OTHERS 30,568 (3 %)
No. Of YOUTHS
TOTAL1,068,678
Source: Population Trends 2015, DOS
Dependency Ratio
Malays have a lower dependency ratio as compared to the resident population.
*Dependency ratio refers to a measure showing the number of dependents aged 0–14 and over the age
of 65 to the total population aged 15–64.
Malays = 35.6 (per 100 persons aged 15-64)
National = 37.4 (per 100 persons aged 15-64)
NUMBER OF DEPENDENTS
POPULATION (AGES 15-64)
100%X
{ {
Youths are those aged 15–34.
POPULATION 05

10.
Malay Youths: Breakdown by Age Group & Gender
Source: Population Trends 2015, DOS
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
Majority of Malay youths (28%) belong to the age group 20–24.
22,504
21,080
43,584
25,006
23,584
48,590
22,571
21,895
44,466
18,850
18,860
37,710
06 POPULATION
MALE FEMALE TOTAL

11.
EDUCATION
KEY EDUCATION TRENDS
PSLE performance was generally consistent between 2010 and 2014. There is an overall decline in percentage
passes over a 10 year period, from 94.4 in 2005 to 92.3% in 2014.
For overall percentage of pupils with at least 5 'O' level passes, Malays had the least percentage passes but had
shown an improvement from 63.2% in 2005 to 64.8% in 2014.
Similarly, for the percentage of pupils with at least 3 'A'/H2 passes and pass in GP/K&I, Malays had the least
percentage passes but had shown the most improvement from 71.6% in 2005 to 82.9% in 2014.
In polytechnics, Malays have a slightly higher representation in Health Sciences, Services, Education and IT.
In universities, a higher % of Malays are in Humanities and Social Sciences and in Education compared to the
resident population.
In 2010, Malays make up only 3% of the university graduates in 2010 (a 1% increase from 2000) whereas in
polytechnics, they make up 11% of the total graduates in 2010 (a 5% increase from 2000).
For the female national population, the highest proportion of them have a university education (22%), followed by
secondary (20%) and no qualification (18%) as their highest qualification.
For the male national population, the highest proportion of them have a university education (24%), followed by
secondary (18%) and post-secondary (non-tertiary) (13%) as their highest qualification.
For the female Malay population, the highest proportion of them have secondary education (27%) followed by no
qualification (20%) and post secondary education (15%) as their highest qualification.
For the male Malay population, the highest proportion of them have secondary education (27%), followed by
post-secondary (non-tertiary) (24%) and lower secondary education (13%) as their highest qualification.

12.
Source: Education Statistics Digest 2015, MOE
Total students = 42,336
Overall percentage passed
= 41,329 (97.6%)
Malays had the least percentage
passes for PSLE. PSLE performance
was generally consistent
between 2010 and 2014.
There was a decline in percentage
passes from 94.4% in 2005 to
91.2% in 2008. There is an
overall decline in percentage
passes over a 10 year period,
from 94.4 in 2005 to 92.3% in
2014.
Percentage of Pupils who Passed PSLE
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Total students = 30,964
Overall percentage passed
= 25,789 (83%)
In terms of the percentage of
pupils with at least 5 'O' level
passes, Malays had the least
percentage passes but had
shown an improvement from
63.2% in 2005 to 64.8% in 2014.
Percentage of Pupils with At Least 5 ‘0’ Level Passes
Total students = 14,185
Overall percentage passed
= 12,963 (91.4%)
In terms of the percentage of
pupils with at least 3 'A'/H2
passes and pass in GP/K&I,
Malays had the least percentage
passes but had shown the most
improvement from 71.6% in
2005 to 82.9% in 2014.’
Percentage Of Pupils with At Least 3 ‘A’/H2 Passes and Pass in
GP/K&I
INDIANCHINESEMALAYOVERALL % PASSED
98.9 99.0 99.0 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.9 99.0
97.8
96.1
97.7
95.9
97.7
96.2
97.1
95.5
97.1
95.0
97.3
95.3
97.4
96.1
97.6
95.9
94.4
93.5
93.0
91.2 91.2
92.5 92.3 92.6
86.3 85.4 86.2 86.0
86.5 85.6 84.9
82.0 80.8 81.3 81.9
82.1 81.6 81.0
75.0
72.6 73.0 73.0
72.3 73.8 73.5
84.8
81.1
72.9
63.2
60.3 59.4 59.3
62.9
62.1 62.3 62.1
88.1 88.2 88.1 88.8 88.8
91.5 91.6 91.5
87.2 87.0 87.1 87.6 87.8 88.3 86.6
86.4
84.2
81.6 82.2 82.7
85.4
90.8 90.8 90.6
71.6 72.1
76.4
75.1 75.0
82.9 82.3 82.5
08 EDUCATION
99.0 99.0
97.5 97.6
96.4
96.8
92.2 92.3
86.5 86.7
82.4 83.0
74.3
78.4
62.8
64.8
92.0 92.2
91.2 91.4
89.0
87.4
80.9
82.9

13.
Highest Qualification (National)
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
From 2000-2010, the percentage of residents having below secondary (from 43% to 32%) and
secondary (from 24% to 19%) as highest qualification decreased.
The percentage of residents going to post-secondary (from 10% to 11%), diploma & professional
qualification (from 11% to 15%) and university (from 12% to 23%) increased.
BELOW SECONDARY
SECONDARY
POST SECONDARY (NON-TERTIARY)
DIPLOMA & PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION
UNIVERSITY
Highest Qualification (Malay)
Year 2000
n = 2,277,400
Year 2010
n = 2,779,524
43%
11%
12%
10%
24%
32%
23%
15%
11% 19%
Year 2000
n = 285,701
Year 2010
n = 336,206
From 2000-2010, the percentage of residents with below secondary (from 50% to 37%) and
secondary (from 32% to 27%) as the highest qualification decreased.
The percentage of residents going to post-secondary (from 11% to 19%), diploma & professional
qualification (from 5% to 12%) and university (from 2% to 5%) increased.
50%
2%5%
11%
32%
37%
5%
12%
19%
27%
EDUCATION 09

14.
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
In 2000, Malays had the highest percentage of its
population having below secondary (50.1%) and
secondary (32.1%) as its highest qualification and
the least percentage having diploma & professional
qualifications (5.1%) and university education (2%).
CHINESEMALAYINDIANTOTAL
Highest Qualification in 2000
Malays had the highest percentage of its population
having below secondary (37%), secondary
(27.1%) and post-secondary (non-tertiary)
(19.2%) as the highest qualification.
Malays had the least percentage of its population having
diploma & professional qualification (11.6%)
and university education (5.1%) as its highest
qualification.
Highest Qualification in 2010
BELOW
SECONDARY
SECONDARY POST-SECONDARY
(NON-TETIARY)
DIPLOMA & PROFESSIONAL
QUALIFICATIONS
UNIVERSITY
BELOW
SECONDARY
SECONDARY POST-SECONDARY
(NON-TETIARY)
DIPLOMA & PROFESSIONAL
QUALIFICATIONS
UNIVERSITY
42.6%
38.4%
50.1%
42.1%
24.6%
26.4%
32.1%
23.2%
9.9%
10.8%
10.6%
9.7%
11.1%
8.0%
5.1%
12.4%
11.7%
16.5%
12.6%
32.4
22.5
37.0
33.8
18.9
17.2
27.1
18.2
11.111.1
11.2
19.2
9.9
14.8
14.1
11.6
15.5
22.8
35.0
5.1
22.6
2.0%
10 EDUCATION

15.
Highest Qualification attained according to Marital Status (National)
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
DIVORCEDWIDOWEDMARRIEDSINGLE
Singlehood is a predominant phenomenon among polytechnic (53.7%), post secondary (42.8%) and
university (35.3%) graduates.
Highest Qualification attained according to Marital Status (Malay)
61.0%
9.7%
24.7%
4.6%
7.7%
5.1%
75.4%
11.8%
77.3%
12.6%
4.8%
5.3%
71.5%
21.0%
5.0%
58.3%
36.8%
49.9%
47.8%
69.7%
25.3%
67.0%
30.8%
3.4% 3.7% 1.8%
No
QUALIFICATION
PRIMARY LOWER
SECONDARY
SECONDARY POST-
SECONDARY
POLYTECHNIC PROFESSIONAL
QUALIFICATION
& OTHER DIPLOMA
UNIVERSITY
59.7%
75.3%
25.9%
8.7%
5.7%
7.8%
6.2%
10.7%
76.7%
4.5%
6.4%
12.4%
21.8%
70.5%
5.7%
53.2%
42.8%
53.7%
44.5%
31.0%
63.5%
4.5%
62.4%
35.3%
1.7%3.3% 1.8%
2.6%
Singlehood is a predominant phenomenon among polytechnic (47.8%), post-secondary (36.8%) and
university (30.8%) graduates.
No
QUALIFICATION
PRIMARY LOWER
SECONDARY
SECONDARY POST-
SECONDARY
POLYTECHNIC PROFESSIONAL
QUALIFICATION
& OTHER DIPLOMA
UNIVERSITY
1.5%
1.9%
1.9% 0.7% 0.1%
1.0%
0.5%
1.2% 0.5%
EDUCATION 11
0.4%

16.
For the national female population, the highest
proportion of them have a university
education (22%), followed by secondary
(20%) and no qualification (18%) as their
highest qualification.
For the national male population, the
highest proportion of them have a university
education (24%), followed by secondary
(18%) and post-secondary (non-tertiary)
(13%) as their highest qualification.
SECONDARYLOWER SECONDARYPRIMARYNo QUALIFICATION POST-SECONDARY (NON-TERTIARY)
POLYTECHNIC PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION & OTHER DIPLOMA UNIVERSITY
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
For the Malay female population, the
highest proportion of them have secondary
education (27%) followed by no
qualification (20%) and post-secondary
education (15%).
For the Malay male population, the highest
proportion of them have secondary education
(27%), followed by post-secondary
(non-tertiary) (24%) and lower secondary
education (13%).
Highest Qualification attained
according to Gender (National)
12%
159,806
7%
91,940
10%
142,894
18%
242,851
13%
174,939
11%
148,657
5%
67,190
24%
326,446
18%
264,637
7%
101,242
10%
139,629
20%
283,508
9%
132,623
7%
101,556
7%
93,954
22%
307,652
Highest Qualification attained
according to Gender (Malay)
MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE
11%
17,428
9%
14,984
13%
21,008
27%
43,208
24%
38,659
9%
14,590
3%
5,101
4%
7,258
20%
34,377
9%
15,686
12%
21,074
27%
47,932
15%
25,815
7%
11,674
6%
9,936
4%
7,475
12 EDUCATION

17.
OTHERSMALAYCHINESETOTAL INDIAN
Polytechnic Graduates in 2000 (Aged 15 years and over)
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
Out of all the polytechnic
graduates in 2000, 6% of
them are Malays.
Out of all the polytechnic
graduates in 2010, 11% of
them are Malays.
From 2000 to 2010, the
proportion of polytechnic
graduates increased by 5%.
90%
Year 2000
n = 140,970
6%
3%
1%
80%
7%
11%
Year 2010
n = 250,213
2%
Polytechnic Graduates in 2010 (Aged 15 years and over)
Source: Census Of Population 2000, Statistical Release 1, DOS
EDUCATION 13

18.
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
FEMALEMALE
Discipline of Study among Polytechnic Graduates according to
Gender (National)
1,267
90,295
Education
FINE & APPLIED ARTS
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES
MASS COMMUNICATION & INFORMATION SCIENCE
BUSINESS & ADMINISTRATION
NATURAL, PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
HEALTH SCIENCES
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING
ENGINEERING SCIENCES
ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING & RELATED TRADES
SERVICES
OTHERS
691
3,682
4,866
5,226
1,172
1,500
1,632
2,359
17,035
34,577
2,328
2,795
2,651
9,232
15,376
9,585
6,387
4,993
23,710
1,486
345
3,693
2,287
1,045
n = 250,213
1. Engineering Sciences (45%)
2. Business & Administration (21%)
3. Information Technology (10%)
Discipline of Study among Polytechnic Graduates according to
Gender (Malay)
Education
FINE & APPLIED ARTS
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES
MASS COMMUNICATION & INFORMATION SCIENCE
BUSINESS & ADMINISTRATION
NATURAL, PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
HEALTH SCIENCES
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING
ENGINEERING SCIENCES
ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING & RELATED TRADES
SERVICES
OTHERS
120
8,413
709
515
501
176
246
238
356
1,273
3,019
188
304
391
1,665
1,517
1,394
631
385
2,544
133
61
807
242
187
247
n = 26,264 (11%)
1. Engineering Sciences (42%)
2. Business & Administration (16%)
3. Information Technology (11%)
14 EDUCATION

19.
Discipline of Study among Polytechnic Graduates %
(National & Malay)
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
MALAYNATIONAL
Education
FINE & APPLIED ARTS
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES
MASS COMMUNICATION & INFORMATION SCIENCE
BUSINESS & ADMINISTRATION
NATURAL, PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
HEALTH SCIENCES
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING
ENGINEERING SCIENCES
ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING & RELATED TRADES
SERVICES
OTHERS
2
3
4
4
1
1
2
2
21
16
2
2
5
8
10
11
4
4
45
42
1
1
2
4
1
2
A higher proportion of the resident population are in Engineering Sciences and Business &
Administration compared to the Malays.
Malays have a slightly higher representation in Health Sciences, Services, Education and IT.
EDUCATION 15

20.
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
University Graduates in 2000 (Aged 15 years and over)
Out of all the university
graduates in 2000, 2% of
them were Malays.
Out of all the university
graduates in 2010, 3% of
them were Malays.
From 2000 to 2010, the
proportion of Malays
increased by 1%.
85%
Year 2000
n = 266,631
10%
3%
75%
13%
9%
Year 2010
n = 634,098
University Graduates in 2010 (Aged 15 years and over)
Source: Census Of Population 2000, Statistical Release 2, DOS
2%
3%
OTHERSMALAYCHINESETOTAL INDIAN
16 EDUCATION

21.
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
FEMALEMALE
Discipline of Study among University Graduates according to
Gender (National)
Education
FINE & APPLIED ARTS
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES
MASS COMMUNICATION & INFORMATION SCIENCE
BUSINESS & ADMINISTRATION
LAW
NATURAL, PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
HEALTH SCIENCES
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING
ENGINEERING SCIENCES
OTHERS
4,515
13,780
n = 634,098
1. Business & Administration (32%)
2. Engineering Sciences (21%)
3. Humanities & Social Sciences (12%)
Discipline of Study among University Graduates according to
Gender (Malay)
Education
FINE & APPLIED ARTS
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES
MASS COMMUNICATION & INFORMATION SCIENCE
BUSINESS & ADMINISTRATION
LAW
NATURAL, PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
HEALTH SCIENCES
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING
ENGINEERING SCIENCES
OTHERS
367
1,276
n = 17,194 (3%)
1. Business & Administration (23%)
2. Humanities & Social Sciences (21%)
3. Engineering (14%)
3,619
5,964
25,080
49,046
4,593
9,918
88,784
115,253
5,931
6,155
21,011
26,950
10,716
19,196
39,639
22,220
8,885
6,895
5,694
4,309
107,978
27,966
271
218
1,028
2,546
266
582
1,593
2,302
141
230
376
765
227
698
804
446
175
217
186
153
501
1,824
EDUCATION 17

22.
Source: Census Of Population 2010, Statistical Release 1, DOS
Discipline of Study among University Graduates %
(National & Malay)
MALAYNATIONAL
Education
FINE & APPLIED ARTS
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES
MASS COMMUNICATION & INFORMATION SCIENCE
BUSINESS & ADMINISTRATION
LAW
NATURAL, PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
HEALTH SCIENCES
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING
ENGINEERING SCIENCES
OTHERS
3
10
A higher proportion of Malays are in Humanities and Social Sciences (21%) and
Education (10%) as compared to resident population.
1
3
12
21
2
5
32
23
2
2
8
7
5
5
10
7
2
2
21
13
2
2
18 EDUCATION

23.
The percentage of economically active Malay population is lower than resident population (4%).
In 2010, the proportion of female Malay population who is economically inactive is 6% lower than the female
national population. However, as compared to 2000, there was a 7% increase of Malay women who are economi-
cally active as compared to 4% increase for the national female population.
Malays are predominantly in Public Administration & Education followed by Transportation & Storage and
Manufacturing.
The national population is predominantly in the Wholesale & Retail Trade followed by Manufacturing and Public
Administration & Education.
KEY EMPLOYMENT TRENDS
EMPLOYMENT

24.
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 3, DOS
Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 3, DOS
Residents aged 15 Years and over by Economic Status (National)
Year 2000
In 2010, 64% of the national population is economically active, a slight increase by 1% from 2000.
Total Males Females
Economically Active 1,576,585 941,801 634,783
Economically Inactive 918,046 287,957 630,089
Total Males Females
Economically Active 1,981,714 1,123,855 857,860
Economically Inactive 1,124,034 393,573 730,461
63%
37%
64%
36%
Residents aged 15 Years and over by Economic Status (Malay)
Year 2000 Year 2010
In 2010, 60% of the Malay population is economically active, a 2% increase from 2000.
Total Males Females
Economically Active 183,301 118,112 65,189
Economically Inactive 131,896 37,262 94,634
Total Males Females
Economically Active 232,484 137,422 95,062
Economically Inactive 154,484 50,922 103,562
58%
42%
60%
40%
Year 2010
20 EMPLOYMENT
ECONOMICALLY INACTIVEECONOMICALLY ACTIVE
34.3%
(1,902)

25.
Year 2010Year 2000
Year 2010
Source: Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 3, DOS
Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 3, DOS
In 2010, 74% of the national male population is economically active, a 3% decrease from 2000.
Males
Economically Active 941,801
Economically Inactive 287,957
Males
Economically Active 1,123,855
Economically Inactive 393,573
77%
23%
74%
26%
Male Residents Aged 15 Years and over by Economic Status %
(Malay)
In 2010, 73% of the Malay male population is economically active, a 3% decrease from 2000.
76%
24%
Male Residents Aged 15 Years and over by Economic Status %
(National)
Males
Economically Active 118,112
Economically Inactive 37,262
Males
Economically Active 137,422
Economically Inactive 50,922
73%
27%
Year 2000
EMPLOYMENT 21
ECONOMICALLY INACTIVEECONOMICALLY ACTIVE

26.
22 EMPLOYMENT
Source: Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 3, DOS
Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 3, DOS
In 2010, 54% of the national female population is economically active, a 4% increase from 2000.
Females
Economically Active 634,783
Economically Inactive 630,089
Females
Economically Active 857,860
Economically Inactive 730,461
50%
50%
54%
46%
Female residents aged 15 years and over by Economic Status %
(Malay)
In 2010, 48% of the Malay female population is economically active, a 7% increase from 2000.
41%
59%
Female Residents Aged 15 Years And Over By Economic Status %
(National)
Year 2000 Year 2010
Year 2000 Year 2010
Females
Economically Active 65,189
Economically Inactive 94,634
Females
Economically Active 95,062
Economically Inactive 103,562
48%52%
ECONOMICALLY INACTIVEECONOMICALLY ACTIVE

27.
EMPLOYMENT 23
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 3, DOS
FEMALEMALE
Economically Inactive Persons By Age Group & Gender (National)
For the resident population, the highest difference between female and male economic inactivity is seen in
the age ranges of 45-49, 50-54 and 70 & Over.
Economically Inactive Persons By Age Group & Gender (Malay)
For the Malay population, the highest difference between female and male economic inactivity is seen in the
age ranges of 45-49, 50-54 and 55-59.
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 49
50 - 54
55 - 59
60 - 64
65 - 69
70 & OVER
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 49
50 - 54
55 - 59
60 - 64
65 - 69
70 & OVER
Males
119,921
47,202
12,001
5,493
5,948
7,279
9,741
14,198
21,960
35,286
32,673
81,871
Females
116,688
48,673
20,999
31,808
42,921
46,438
54,498
59,342
64,922
67,699
49,676
126,796
30%
16%
12%
7%
3%
3%
1%
4%
2%
6%
2%
6%
2%
8%
4%
8%
6%
9%
9%
9%
8%
7%
21%
17%
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 49
50 - 54
55 - 59
60 - 64
65 - 69
70 & OVER
Males
22,342
6,012
1,311
635
794
1,042
1,166
1,706
1,950
3,127
2,815
8,022
Females
20,200
6,067
3,644
4,510
6,045
7,613
10,291
10,526
9,917
8,327
4,827
11,594
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 49
50 - 54
55 - 59
60 - 64
65 - 69
70 & OVER
44%
19%
12%
6%
3%
4%
1%
4%
2%
6%
2%
7%
2%
10%
3%
10%
4%
10%
6%
8%
5%
5%
16%
11%

28.
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 3, DOS
Distribution Of Malay Resident Workforce By Industry
Manufacturing
CONSTRUCTIION
WHOLESALE&RETAILTRADE
Transportation&Storage
ACCOMMODATION&FOODSERVICES
INFORMATION&COMMUNICATIONS
FINANCIAL&INSURANCESERVICES
REALESTATESERVICES
PROFESSIONALSERVICES
ADMINISTRATIVE&SUPPORTSERVICES
PUBLICADMINISTRATION&EDUCATION
HEALTH&SOCIALSERVICES
ARTS,ENTERTAINMENT&RECREATION
OTHERCOMMUNITY,SOCIAL&PERSONALSERVICES
OTHERS*
n = 219,329
1. Public Administration & Education (17%)
2. Transportation & Storage (15%)
3. Manufacturing (12%)
* ‘Others’ includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management
Distribution Of Resident Population Workforce By Industry
n = 1,898,042
1. Wholesale & Retail Trade (17%)
2. Manufacturing (14%)
3. Public Administration & Education (13%)
259,778
(14%)
321,514
(17%)
93,365
(5%)
174,756
(9%)
116,735
(6%)
81,467
(4%)
133,062
(7%)
48,869
(3%)
128,880
(7%)
95,488
(5%)
246,397
(13%)
83,614
(4%)
33,752
(2%)
56,776
(3%)
23,589
(1%)
25,581
(12%)
5,780
(3%)
23,257
(10%)
33,705
(15%)
15,338
(7%)
6,232
(3%)
6,553
(3%)
6,479
(3%)
9,202
(4%)
21,368
(10%)
36,572
(17%)
11,794
(5%)
5,997
(3%)
6,234
(3%) 5,237
(2%)
24 EMPLOYMENT

29.
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 3, DOS
Distribution of Malay Resident Workforce by Industry and Gender
FEMALEMALE
* ‘Others’ includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management
EMPLOYMENT 25
Total
Manufacturing
Construction
Services
Wholesale & Retail Trade
Transportation & Storage
Accommodation & Food Services
Information & Communications
Financial & Insurance Services
Real Estate Services
Professional Services
Administrative & Support Services
Public Administration & Education
Health & Social Services
Arts, Entertainment & Recreation
Other Community, Social & Personal Services
Others*
131,215 (59.8%)
88,114 (40.2%)
17,551 (68.6%)
8,030 (31.4%)
4,634 (80.2%)
1,147 (19.8%)
104,584 (57.2%)
78,147 (42.8%)
12,683 (54.5%)
10,574 (45.5%)
25,899 (76.8%)
7,806 (23.2%)
6,570 (42.8%)
8,768 (57.2%)
3,563 (57.2%)
2,669 (42.8%)
2,400 (36.6%)
4,153 (63.4%)
3,640 (56.2%)
2,839 (43.8%)
5,064 (55%)
4,138 (45%)
14,244 (66.7%)
7,124 (33.3%)
21,573 (59%)
14,999 (41%)
2,047 (17.4%)
9,747 (82.6%)
3,548 (59.2%)
2,449 (40.8%)
3,353 (53.8%)
2,882 (46.2%)
4,447 (84.9%)
790 (15.1%)

30.
26
Majority of Malay households have 6 or more persons (23%).
Average household size was the highest among Malays at 4.2, as compared to Chinese at 3.4 and Indians at 3.6.
96% of Malays live in HDB dwellings and majority live in 4-room flats (39%).
Over the period of 10 years, most Malays dwell in HDB flats while there has been a significant increase in Chinese
and Indians living in condominiums and private flats (at 5% growth)
Over the period of 10 years, Malays living in 1- and 2-room flats grew (from 6.5% to 8.7%).
In 2010, majority of the Malays have $5,000-$5,999 as their monthly household income (10%), a contrast to the
national population where most of them have $15,000 & over as their monthly household income (10%).
Household income had increased for the Malays. In the year 2000, majority of them were earning $1,500-$2,499.
In 2010, 2% of the Malays have $15,000 & over as their monthly household income, an increase of 1% from the
year 2000.
Average and median household income among the Malays remained the lowest across all ethnic groups.
Income growth for Malays has been steadily increasing at 3.6% per annum, ranking 2nd behind the Indians.
In terms of living arrangements, 65.7% of Malay households are couple-based with the presence of children while
45% of Malay households with children have males aged 35-49 years as the head of the household.
About 90% of Malays and Chinese owned their homes.
Over the period of 10 years, all ethnic groups showed a decrease in % in the ownership of homes.
KEY HOUSEHOLD TRENDS
HOUSEHOLD

31.
HOUSEHOLD 27
Source: Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 5 , DOS
Total households = 915,090
Average: $4,988
Median: $3,638
Malay Monthly Household Income in 2000 (‘000)
Total Malay households = 108,634
Average: $3,151
Median: $2,709
BELOW$500
$500-$999
$1,000-$1,499
$1,500-$1,999
$2,000-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999
$4,000-$4,499
$4,500-$4,999
$5,000-$5,999
$6,000-$6,999
$7,000-$7,999
$8,000-$8,999
$9,000-$9,999
$10,000-OVER
National Monthly Household Income in 2000 (‘000)
84.0
29.9
58.2
68.2 69.6
64.5 65.2
54.8
51.1
43.3
75.0
57.2
42.1
32.4
23.3
95.6
8.4
4.8
10.4
12.9
12.5
11.1
10.2
8.2
6.7
5.2
7.1
4.4
2.3
1.5
0.8
1.4

32.
28 HOUSEHOLD
Monthly Household Income in 2000 % (Malay and National)
BELOW$500
$500-$999
$1,000-$1,499
$1,500-$1,999
$2,000-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999
$4,000-$4,499
$4,500-$4,999
$5,000-$5,999
$6,000-$6,999
$7,000-$7,999
$8,000-$8,999
$9,000-$9,999
$10,000-OVER
Source: Census of Population 2000, Statistical Release 5 , DOS
In 2000, majority of the Malays have $1,500–$2,499 as their household income (12%).
This is a contrast to the national population where majority have $10,000 & over as their household
income (10%).
Only 1% of the Malays have $10,000 & over for their household income.
Total households = 915,090
Total Malay households = 108,634
MALAY NATIONAL
8
9
4
3
10
6
7
12
8
10
9
6
5
2
1
12
7
8
7
6 6
5
8
7
6
5
4 4
3
1 1
10

33.
HOUSEHOLD 29
National Monthly Household Income in 2010 (‘000)
Total households = 1,145,920
Average: $7,214
Median: $5,000
Malay Monthly Household Income in 2010 (‘000)
Total Malay households = 121,378
Average: $4,575
Median: $3,844
NOTWORKING
BELOW$1,000
$1,000-$1,499
$1,500-$1,999
$2,000-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999
$4,000-$4,499
$4,500-$4,999
$5,000-$5,999
$6,000-$6,999
$7,000-$7,999
$8,000-$8,999
$9,000-$9,999
$10,000-$10,999
$11,000-$11,999
$12,000-$12,999
$13,000-$13,999
$14,000-$14,999
$15,000-OVER
120
42.8 43.2
50.3
53.9 52.6 56.0
50.6 51.4
46.6
89.2
75.5
64.3
54.9
44.2
38.9
29.8
25.3
20.1 17.2
119
9.6
5.9
6.7
8.6
8.2 8.4
8.0
7.5 7.2
6.7
11.8
8.9
6.8
4.8
3.5
2.2
1.5 1.2 0.9 0.7
2.2
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS

34.
Monthly Household Income in 2010 % (Malay and National)
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS
In 2010, majority of the Malays have $5,000–$5,999 as their household income (10%).
This is a contrast to the national population where a significant number have $15,000 & over as their
household income (10%).
Only 2% of the Malays have $15,000 & over for their household income.
NOTWORKING
BELOW$1,000
$1,000-$1,499
$1,500-$1,999
$2,000-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999
$4,000-$4,499
$4,500-$4,999
$5,000-$5,999
$6,000-$6,999
$7,000-$7,999
$8,000-$8,999
$9,000-$9,999
$10,000-$10,999
$11,000-$11,999
$12,000-$12,999
$13,000-$13,999
$14,000-$14,999
$15,000-OVER
8
10
5
4
7
6
8
2
3
1
Total households = 1,145,920
Total Malay households = 121,378
MALAY NATIONAL
5 5
4 4
7 7 7
5 5
6 6
4 4 4 4 4
5
6 6
7 7
10
33
22 2
1 1 1 1
10
30 HOUSEHOLD

35.
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS
Key Household Income Trends, 2015, DOS
Monthly Household Income From Work By Ethnic Group Of Head
Among Resident Households:
1
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is used as deflator to compute real change.
2000 ($) 2010 ($) Average Annual Growth (%)
Nominal Real1
Average Household Income
Total 4,988 7,214 3.8 2.1
Chinese 5,258 7,326 3.4 1.7
Malays 3,151 4,575 3.8 2.1
Indians 4,623 7,664 5.2 3.5
Median Household Income
Total 3,638 5,000 3.2 1.6
Chinese 3,880 5,100 2.8 1.1
Malays 2,709 3,844 3.6 1.9
Indians 3,438 5,370 4.6 2.9
Monthly Household Income From Work By Ethnic Group Of Head Among Resident Households
National
Average: $7,214
Median: $5,000
Malays
Average: $4,575
Median: $3,844
Income Growth Across 10 Years
Median household income grew by:
3.6% per annum for the Malays
2.8% per annum for the Chinese
4.6% per annum for the Indians
HOUSEHOLD 31
As of 2015, the Average and Median Monthly Household Income from Work (Including Employer CPF
Contributions) Among Resident Employed Households are $11,510 and $8,666, respectively.
*
Ethnic breakdown is unavailable at the time of publication.

36.
Average Monthly Household Income
20102000
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
4,988
INCOME ($)
MALAYS
CHINESE
NATIONAL 7,214
5,258
7,326
4,575
3,151
4,623
7,664
Median Household Income
INDIANS
MALAYS
CHINESE
NATIONAL
3,638
5,000
3,880
5,100
2,709
3,844
3,438
5,370
4,575
INDIANS
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS
32 HOUSEHOLD

37.
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS
Malay: Household Size
6 OR MORE
PERSONS
5 PERSONS
4 PERSONS
3 PERSONS
2 PERSONS
1 PERSON
0 5 10 15 20 25PERCENTAGE (%)
4.3
6.5
12.5
13.1
16.8
16.2
23.2
21.2
22.7
20.0
20.5
23.1
20102000
HOUSEHOLD 33

38.
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS
Types of Dwelling
1
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is used as deflator to compute real change.
2
‘Others’ includes other public flats, non-HDB shophouses and attap/zinc-roofed houses.
Total
HDB Dwellings1
1- & 2-Room
3-Room
4-Room
5-Room & Executive
Condominiums & Private Flats
Landed Properties
Others2
Types of Dwelling Total (%) Chinese (%) Malays (%) Indians (%)
2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010
100.0
87.7
5.0
25.8
33.1
23.5
6.3
5.1
1.0
100.0
82.4
4.6
20.0
31.9
25.6
11.2
5.7
0.7
100.0
86.4
4.4
25.6
32.2
23.7
6.9
5.7
1.0
100.0
81.3
4.1
19.9
31.2
25.7
11.7
6.3
0.7
100.0
98.2
6.5
28.4
41.0
22.3
0.8
0.7
0.3
100.0
96.8
8.7
22.0
39.2
26.9
1.9
0.9
0.4
100.0
89.1
8.1
24.4
31.8
24.5
5.2
4.4
1.3
100.0
82.7
4.9
21.0
32.0
24.6
11.9
4.4
1.0
96% of Malays lived in HDB dwellings. Majority live in 4-room flats (39%).
Over the period of 10 years:
Most Malays still live in HDB dwellings as compared to other ethnic groups.
Significant increase in those living in condominium & private flats among
the Chinese & Indians (5% growth or more) as compared to the Malays
(1% growth).
Highest percentage growth for those living in 1- and 2-room flats among the
Malays (from 7,069 (6.5%) in 2000 to 10,592 (8.7%) in 2010) while other ethnic
groups showed a decrease.
34 HOUSEHOLD

39.
About 90% of Malays
and Chinese owned
their homes.
From 2000 to 2010, all
ethnic groups showed a
decrease in % in the
ownership of homes.
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS
Malay: Types of Dwelling
20102000
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
HDB 1 & 2 ROOM HDB 3 ROOM HDB 4 ROOM HDB 5 ROOM
& EXECUTIVE
CONDOMINIUM &
PRIVATE FLATS
LANDED
PROPERTIES
OTHERS
6.5
8.7
28.4
22.0
41.0
39.2
22.3
26.9
0.8
1.9
0.7 0.9 0.3 0.4
Home Ownership
(%)
Total
Owner-Occupied
Tenant
Others
Tenancy Total (%) Chinese (%) Malays (%) Indians (%)
2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010
100.0
92.0
6.9
1.1
100.0
87.2
11.6
1.3
100.0
92.6
6.2
1.2
100.0
89.9
8.8
1.4
100.0
93.4
6.0
0.6
100.0
89.6
9.7
0.7
100.0
86.1
13.0
0.9
100.0
77.3
21.9
0.8
Residential Households By Tenancy And Ethnic Group Of Head
HOUSEHOLD 35

40.
Resident Malay Households by Living Arrangement and Sex of
Head of Household*
Couple-Based Malay Households with Children by Age & Sex of
Head of Household
*Head of Household
The head of a household is the person generally acknowledged as such by other members of the household. The head is normally the oldest member, the main income earner, the owner-occupier of
the house or the person who manages the affairs of the household. Where the household comprises a group of unrelated persons, the head of household refers to the person who manages the
affairs of the household, or any person who supplied the information pertaining to other members.
Malay Household Living Arrangement Total (%) Males Females
Couple-Based Households with Children
Couple-Based Households with no Children
Other Family-Based Households
Non Family-Based Households
Grand Total
79,809 (65.7%)
11,093 (9.1%)
18,736 (15.4%)
11,740 (9.6%)
121,378
76,861
10,297
5,388
5,672
98,218
2,950
795
13,347
6,068
23,160
Majority of Malay households (65.7%) are couple-based with the presence of children.
Couple-Based Households with Children Total (%) Males Females
Head Aged Below 35 years
Head Aged 35-49 years
Head Aged 50-64 years
Head Aged 65 years and over
Grand Total
8,055 (10.1%)
37,649 (47.2%)
29,956 (37.5%)
4,149 (5.2%)
79,809
7,576
36,147
29,053
4,085
76,861
479
1,502
903
64
2,948
Majority of couple-based households with children have males aged 34-49 years as the head
of household.
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS
36 HOUSEHOLD

41.
A rise in the total number of marriages (civil & Muslim) and Muslim marriages (up from 4,802 in 2012 to 5,544 in
2014).
Minor marriages are higher among Muslim marriages as compared to civil marriages.
As compared to 10 years ago, there is a decline in minor Muslim marriages. 3.9% of grooms & 13.8% of brides (in
2004) down to 1.3% of grooms & 4% of brides (in 2014).
Higher proportion of remarriages among Muslim marriages than civil marriages. Compared to 10 years ago, there is
only a slight decline in Muslim remarriages: down from 35.5% in 2004 to 28.2% in 2014.
As compared to other ethnic groups, the median age of Malay brides and grooms is the lowest.
KEY MARRIAGE TRENDS
MARRIAGE & DIVORCE
Muslim divorces had a slightly shorter marriage duration at 9.8 years as compared to civil divorces at 10.5 years.
Those who were married for 5-9 years formed the largest group for both civil (30.5%) and Muslim divorces (26.4%).
Those who were married for less than 5 years formed the second largest group for Muslim divorces (24.1%).
Whereas the second largest group for civil divorces are those married for 20 years & over (21.2%).
In 2014, among Muslim divorces, more women filed for divorce at 71.4% as compared to civil divorces at 63%.
Infidelity/Extra-marital affair was the top reason for Muslim divorces whereas for civil divorces, it was unreasonable
behaviour.
For the period of 10 years (from 2004 to 2014), majority of divorcees (male & female) were from age group 30-34.
KEY DIVORCE TRENDS

42.
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
Number of Marriages
NUMBERS
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
TOTAL
26,254
CIVIL MUSLIM
28,407
21,180
22,863
5,074
5,544
20142013
Total number of marriages (Civil & Muslim): 28,407
Total number of Muslim marriages: 5,544
19.5% of total marriages are Muslim marriages.
There is an overall rise in the total number of marriages registered, across both civil and
Muslim marriages.
38 MARRIAGES & DIVORCES

43.
INTER-ETHNICOTHERSINDIANMALAY
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
Marriages Under The Administration Of Muslim Law Act By Ethnic
Group Of Couple
2014
n = 5,544
58.1%
(3,221)
34.3%
(1,902)
4.0%
(223)
3.6%
(198)
Total number of Muslim marriages: 5,544
Total number of Malay marriages: 3,221
(where both husband and wife are Malays)
58.1% of Muslim marriages are Malay marriages.
There is a significant number of inter-ethnic
marriages (34.3%).
Malay Muslim marriages have slightly increased
since 2010.
MARRIAGES & DIVORCES 39

44.
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
Median Age Of Malay Muslim Grooms
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Year Total*
30.0
30.5
31.2
30.9
31.1
31.2
31.3
31.6
31.6
31.6
31.8
31.7
29.8
30.3
31.0
30.8
30.9
31.1
31.2
31.5
31.6
31.5
31.7
31.5
30.0
30.6
30.7
30.4
30.7
30.6
30.7
30.4
30.4
30.3
30.7
30.7
32.3
32.6
32.5
33.3
33.7
34.9
33.4
32.7
35.6
33.4
33.6
33.8
Chinese Indians Eurasians
*
For 2003 and 2004, Total includes marriages where the ethnic group of grooms was not reported.
Median Age of Grooms Married under the Women’s Charter by Ethnic Group,
2003-2014
Caucasians
36.1
36.2
37.1
37.2
37.0
37.5
38.1
37.4
37.6
36.8
36.8
36.3
Others
31.7
31.7
31.4
31.4
31.6
30.5
30.0
30.4
30.7
31.2
31.3
31.5
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Year Total*
29.0
29.5
29.2
29.2
29.2
29.1
29.1
29.3
29.3
29.1
29.3
29.3
28.9
29.6
29.3
29.3
29.2
29.0
29.0
29.2
29.3
29.0
29.1
29.3
28.6
28.3
28.5
28.8
28.4
28.5
29.2
28.8
28.6
29.2
29.3
28.9
31.3
30.0
29.9
29.0
29.6
29.9
29.5
30.0
29.8
29.3
30.2
29.8
Malays Indians Others
*
Total in 2008 includes marriages where the ethnic group of grooms was not reported.
Median Age of Grooms Married under the Administration of Muslim Law Act
by Ethnic Group, 2003-2014
Median Age of
Malay Muslim
Grooms: 29.3
Other Races
(Civil Marriages):
Chinese: 31.5
Indian: 30.7
Eurasians: 33.8
Caucasians: 36.3
Others: 31.5
Median Age of
Malay grooms is
the lowest as
compared to other
ethnic groups.
40 MARRIAGES & DIVORCES

45.
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
Median Age Of Malay Muslim Brides
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Year Total*
27.2
27.5
27.8
27.8
28.1
28.2
28.3
28.6
28.8
28.9
29.1
29.1
27.1
27.5
27.8
27.9
28.1
28.2
28.4
28.7
28.9
29.0
29.1
29.1
26.8
27.2
27.1
27.0
27.3
27.5
27.7
28.0
27.9
27.8
28.1
28.2
28.7
28.4
30.0
30.2
28.8
29.3
29.7
29.2
30.2
28.4
30.9
29.8
Chinese Indians Eurasians
*
For 2003 and 2004, Total includes marriages where the ethnic group of brides was not reported.
Median Age of Brides Married under the Women’s Charter by Ethnic Group,
2003-2014
Caucasians
31.3
31.0
32.7
31.6
32.5
32.6
32.9
32.8
32.4
32.3
31.8
32.4
Others
27.6
27.6
27.1
27.6
27.6
27.7
27.8
28.0
28.5
28.7
29.2
29.1
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Year Total*
26.7
25.9
25.9
26.3
26.4
26.5
26.7
27.0
27.0
26.9
27.3
27.1
25.7
25.9
25.9
26.2
26.5
26.4
26.6
26.9
26.9
26.8
27.1
27.0
25.3
25.1
25.3
26.2
26.0
25.8
25.6
26.5
26.3
26.9
27.3
26.7
26.6
26.9
26.7
26.8
26.7
27.3
27.5
27.5
27.9
27.7
28.1
28.0
Malays Indians Others
*
Total in 2008 includes marriages where the ethnic group of brides was not reported.
Median Age of Brides Married under the Administration of Muslim Law Act by
Ethnic Group, 2003-2014
Median Age of
Malay Muslim
Brides: 27.0
Other Races
(Civil Marriages):
Chinese: 29.1
Indian: 28.2
Eurasians: 29.8
Caucasians: 32.4
Others: 29.1
Median Age of
Malay brides is the
lowest as compared
to other ethnic
groups. However, it
slightly increased
from 2003 to 2014.
MARRIAGES & DIVORCES 41

46.
Number Of Minor Muslim Marriages
Total (Number)
Below 18
18-20
% Aged below 21 years
among All Grooms
Total (Number)
Below 18
18-20
% Aged below 21 years
among All Brides
Age (Years) 2004
91
1
90
0.5
560
21
539
3.1
61
2
59
0.3
267
10
257
1.2
159
21
138
3.9
564
92
472
13.8
73
-
73
1.3
220
18
202
4.0
2014 2004 2014
Marriages of Minors
Women’s Charter Administration of Muslim Law Act
GROOMS
BRIDES
Minor marriages are marriages involving grooms & brides below 21 years of age.
Minor Marriages 2014 (Civil): 0.3% of grooms & 1.2% of brides
Minor Marriages 2014 (Muslim): 1.3% of grooms & 4% of brides
Muslim marriages have a higher proportion of minor marriages than civil marriages.
Over the period of 10 years, percentage of minor marriages for both grooms and brides
among Muslim marriages decreased by more than half.
42 MARRIAGES & DIVORCES
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS

47.
MARRIAGES & DIVORCES 43
Marriages By Marriage Order Of Couples
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
2004 2014
TOTAL
77.2% 75.9%
16.6%
16.5%
6.2% 7.6%
2004 2014
civil marriages
80.1% 76.9%
15.7%
16.7%
4.2%
6.4%
2004 2014
muslim marriages
64.4% 71.8%
20.5%
15.6%
15%
12.6%
About 30% of Muslim marriages are remarriages.
Muslim remarriages, for one partner: 15.6%
Muslim remarriages, for both partners: 14.6%
About 23% of Civil marriages are remarriages.
Civil remarriages, for one partner:16.7%
Civil remarriages, for both partners: 6.4%
Muslim marriages had a higher percentage of remarriages as compared to civil marriages.
REMarriage, Both partnerREMarriage, ONE partnerFirst Marriage, both partners

48.
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Year Total*
1,657
1,690
1,782
1,595
1,601
1,511
1,536
1,538
1,587
1,662
1,689
1,255
1,324
1,335
1,184
1,181
1,077
1,080
1,108
1,209
1,211
1,254
65
65
97
87
58
54
55
73
95
74
70
10
8
6
6
19
18
32
13
15
22
20
Malays Indians Others
*
From 2006, 2007 and 2008, Total includes divorces where the ethnic group of male or female divorcees was not reported.
Note: Data for 1994-2010 have been revised in 2012 following the inclusion of new information from administrative data sources
Divorces under the Administration of Muslim Law Act by Ethnic Group of Couple, 2004-2014
Inter-ethnic
327
293
342
317
343
361
369
344
268
355
345
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
Number Of Malay Muslim Divorces
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Year Total*
4,193
4,703
4,745
5,102
5,170
5,416
5,433
5,696
5,306
5,471
5,172
3,350
3,969
3,968
4,250
4,333
4,493
4,446
4,595
4,240
4,331
4,018
252
302
339
353
344
361
366
408
336
373
352
18
37
32
44
49
54
64
82
91
86
89
Chinese Indians Others
*
From 2004 onwards, Total includes divorces where the ethnic group of male or female divorcees was not reported.
Note: Data for 2004-2010 have been revised in 2012 following the inclusion of new information from administrative data sources
Divorces under the Women’s Charter by Ethnic Group of Couple, 2004-2014
Inter-ethnic
215
344
381
442
428
493
546
602
628
658
701
In 2014, the total number of divorces (both civil & Muslim) is 6,861.
Total number of Muslim divorces: 1,689
Total number of Malay Muslim divorces: 1,254
24.6% of divorces are Muslim divorces.
74.2% of Muslim divorces are divorces involving Malay couples.
Divorces among Muslims have slightly increased since 2009.
44 MARRIAGES & DIVORCES

49.
Median Duration of Muslim Marriages
Note: Data exclude annulments.
Median Marriage Duration
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
In 2014,
9.8 years for Muslim divorces
10.5 years for civil divorces
Marriage duration was generally shorter among Muslim divorces than civil divorces.
Majority of civil and Muslim divorces consist of those who were married for 5-9 years (30.5% of civil
divorces & 26.4% of Muslim divorces).
For Muslim divorces, over a period of 10 years, the percentage of those married for under 5 years has
decreased from 33.5% to 24.1%.
Divorces by Duration of Muslim Marriages
20 & 0ver
15-19
10-14
5-9
under 5
21.2
20.2
12.6
10.9
18.7
18.6
30.5
37.6
12.7
17.0
Women’s Charter (%) administration of muslim law act (%)
19.8
13.0
11.7
9.4
18.0
15.8
26.4
28.4
33.5
24.1
DURATION
(YEARS)
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
10.4
9.2
6.4
10.4
9.6
7.7
10.8
10.4
9.2
women’s charter
total
administration of muslim law act
Duration
(years)
MARRIAGES & DIVORCES 45
10.5
9.8
10.4
2014
2004

50.
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
Main Reasons For Civil Divorces
Top Three Reasons For Civil Divorces By Plaintiff, 2014
unreasonable behaviour
lived apart / separated for three years
or more
desertion
infidelity/extra-marital affair
financial problems
desertion
domestic violence and abuses
TOTAL
n = 5,172
HUSBAND
n = 1,917
WIFE
n = 3,255
44.8%
51.9%
1.9%
54.5%
40.5%
3.8% 1%
39.2%
58.6%
Top reasons for civil divorces are unreasonable behavior (51.9%) and having lived apart or separated
for three years or more (44.8%).
Divorces filed by the wife constituted 63% of civil divorces.
Main Reasons for Muslim Divorces
Top Three Reasons For Muslim Divorces By Plaintiff, 2014
Infidelity and extra-marital affair was the top reason for Muslim divorces (21.9%), followed by
financial problems (15.7%), desertion (11.8%) and domestic violence (8.5%).
Divorces filed by the wife constituted 71.4% of Muslim divorces.
For Muslim divorces, more women filed for divorce (71.4%) as compared to civil divorces (63%).
TOTAL
n = 1,689
HUSBAND
n = 483
WIFE
n = 1,206
21.9%
15.7%
11.8%
8.5%
21.3%
9.9%
13.5%
2.9%
22.1%
18%
10.7%
11.2%
46 MARRIAGES & DIVORCES

51.
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
Median Age of Muslim Male Divorcees
Divorces under the Administration of Muslim Law Act by Age Group and Sex of Divorcees, 2004–2014
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
TOTAL
Year
Total Under
25
25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &
Over
Un-
known
Median
Age
(Years)
AGE GROUP OF MALE DIVORCEES (YEARS)
1,657
1,690
1,782
1,595
1,601
1,511
1,536
1,538
1,587
1,662
1,689
17,848
111
100
104
90
77
59
47
41
49
40
33
751
225
218
236
207
203
202
186
186
172
180
159
2,174
344
341
366
311
307
268
290
256
286
290
293
3,352
339
316
316
276
284
284
292
305
275
310
265
3,262
265
283
312
256
284
249
255
251
265
257
295
2,972
164
206
222
222
195
204
217
201
235
257
229
2,352
106
108
116
121
128
117
123
153
157
172
210
1,511
51
60
74
55
79
67
63
76
87
85
121
818
52
58
36
57
44
59
59
69
60
71
84
649
-
-
-
-
-
2
4
-
1
-
-
7
37.2
38.3
38.1
38.2
38.5
38.6
38.9
39.5
40.3
40.1
41.4
In 2014, the median age of Muslim male divorcees was 41.4.
Since 2006, the median age has slightly increased.
When looking at a period of 10 years, majority of male divorcees were from the age group 30–34.
MARRIAGES & DIVORCES 47

52.
Source: Statistics on Marriage & Divorce 2014, DOS
Median Age of Muslim Female Divorcees
Divorces under the Administration of Muslim Law Act by Age Group and Sex of Divorcees, 2004-2014
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
TOTAL
Year
Total Under
25
25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &
Over
Un-
known
Median
Age
(Years)
AGE GROUP OF FEMALE DIVORCEES (YEARS)
1,657
1,690
1,782
1,595
1,601
1,511
1,536
1,538
1,587
1,662
1,689
17,848
244
214
249
215
183
160
132
124
120
107
84
1,832
326
311
333
295
295
269
281
283
281
289
253
3,216
356
357
355
311
323
287
318
276
318
337
345
3,583
272
280
296
258
267
260
268
279
252
295
270
2,997
208
235
247
226
216
196
211
222
229
232
273
2,495
129
143
166
161
167
193
177
182
188
190
205
1,901
61
90
84
68
76
79
90
97
123
130
142
1,030
34
40
32
40
56
41
44
41
49
53
66
496
27
20
20
21
18
24
24
34
26
29
51
294
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
-
1
-
-
4
33.5
34.4
34.3
34.6
35.0
35.5
35.8
36.5
36.6
36.7
38.1
In 2014, the median age of Muslim female divorcees was 38.1
Since 2007, the median age has slightly increased.
When looking at a period of 10 years, majority of female divorcees were from the age group
30–34.
48 MARRIAGES & DIVORCES

53.
As compared to the previous year, cases of drug abusers decrease among all races.
Nevertheless, Malays remained as the majority of drug abusers at 51%.
New abusers remained high for the Malays at 55%.
As compared to the previous year, Malays are the only ethnic group facing an increase in new abusers.
Chinese remained the majority for inhalant abusers at 47%, followed by Malays at 32%.
When comparing to the previous year, only Indians showed a slight increase in inhalant abusers from 17% to 21%,
while the other ethnic groups showed a decrease.
KEY DRUG & INHALANT TRENDS
SOCIAL
General literacy rate of the Malays is comparable to other ethnic groups at 97.1%, ranked 2nd behind the Indians.
Among the ethnic groups, Malays are the highest in being literate in 2 or more languages. (86.3%)
Majority of the Malays (82.7%) often speak the Malay language at home and only a few speak English (17%).
KEY LANGUAGE & LITERACY TRENDS

54.
Drug Abusers
Source: Drug Situation Report 2014, Central Narcotics Bureau Press Release
20142013
0
500
1000
1500
2000
DRUG ABUSERS BY
ETHNIC GROUP
A decline in cases of Malay drug abusers: down from 1,710 cases in 2013 to 1,586 cases in 2014.
About 51% of drug abusers are Malays, the highest across all ethnic groups.
CHINESE
1,259
946
MALAYS
1,710
1,586
INDIANS 541
497
OTHERS
71
56
New Abusers
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
NEW ABUSERS BY
ETHNIC GROUP
An increase in cases of Malay new abusers: up from 513 cases in 2013 to 585 cases in 2014
About 55% of new abusers are Malays, the highest across all ethnic groups. When comparing data with
the previous year, Malays are the only ethnic group having an increase in the number of new abusers.
CHINESE
411
299
MALAYS
513
585
INDIANS 155
146
OTHERS
31
28
Inhalant Abusers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
INHALANT ABUSERS BY
ETHNIC GROUP
A decline in cases of Malay inhalant abusers: down from 52 cases in 2013 to 37 cases in 2014.
About 32% of inhalant abusers are Malays, ranked 2nd behind Chinese at 47%. Only Indians showed a
slight increase (from 17 to 21) as compared to the previous year.
64
CHINESE 54
MALAYS
52
37
INDIANS 17
21
OTHERS
2
2
50 SOCIAL

55.
20142013
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2 , DOS
Language Most Frequently Spoken
at Home (%) (Aged 5 Years & Over)
English
Mandarin
Chinese Dialects
Malay
Tamil
Others
Total*
100
23.0
35.0
23.8
14.1
3.2
0.9
Chinese Malay Indians Others
100
32.3
35.6
14.3
12.2
3.3
2.3
100
23.9
45.1
30.7
0.2
-
0.1
100
32.6
47.7
19.2
0.2
-
0.2
100
7.9
0.1
0.1
91.6
0.1
0.3
100
17.0
0.1
-
82.7
0.1
0.2
100
35.6
0.1
0.1
11.6
42.9
9.7
100
41.6
0.1
-
7.9
36.7
13.6
100
68.5
4.4
3.2
15.6
0.2
8.2
100
62.4
3.8
0.9
4.3
0.1
28.6
2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010
Language most frequently spoken at home for Malays
(aged 5 years & over):
Malay: 82.7%
English: 17%
Others: 0.4%
Language Spoken
SOCIAL 51

56.
General Literacy Rate % (2000-2010)
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
20102000
General Literacy Rate aged 15 years & over:
Malays: 97.1%, Chinese: 95.2%, Indian: 98.1%
Literate Population aged 15 years & over:
Malays: 86.9% literate in English, 86.3% literate in 2 or more languages.
Chinese: 77.4% literate in English, 66.5% literate in 2 or more languages.
Indians: 87.1% literate in English, 82.1% literate in 2 or more languages.
CHINESE
92.1
95.2
MALAYS
93.6
97.1
INDIANS 95.1
98.1
OTHERS
97.1
99.5
*
Literacy - This refers to a person’s ability to read with understanding, e.g. a newspaper, in the language(s) specified. It is as declared by the person.
TOTAL
92.5
95.9
Daily Circulation of Newspapers
Total
English
Chinese
Malay
Tamil
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
1,447,777
786,733
586,550
61,942
12,552
1,581,087
822,304
683,382
61,234
14,167
1,498,133
799,310
623,923
60,114
14,786
1,520,424
782,295
663,774
59,530
14,825
1,498,078
763,149
660,409
57,350
17,170
1,466,150
747,419
649,127
53,299
16,305
1,439,563
738,760
635,115
49,986
15,702
Berita Harian/ Berita Minggu (daily average circulation for Jan-Dec 2013): 49,986
The circulation of Tamil newspapers has been increasing relative to other papers.
Source: Singapore Press Holdings Ltd
MediaCorp Press Ltd
Notes: Refers to daily average circulation for January - December
English Newspaper - The Straits Times / Sunday Times, Business Times, New Paper / New Paper Sunday / Little Red Dot / IN / TODAY, Tabla (from 2008)
Chinese Newspapers - Lianhe Zaobao, Lianhe Wanbao, Shin Min Daily News, Thumbs Up, Thums Up Junior (from 2011), Thumbs Up Little Junior (from 2013), My Paper, Friday
Weekly (from 1991 to 2008) and zbComma (from 2009)
Malay Newspaper - Berita Harian / Berita Minggu
Tamil Newspapers - Tamil Murasu / Tamil Murasu Sunday
Source: Yearbook of Statistics 2014, DOS
52 SOCIAL
Source: Census of Population 2010, Statistical Release 2, DOS

57.
When comparing across ethnic groups, the prevalence of diseases were highest among the Malays in cholesterol,
obesity and hypertension.
Only prevalence of diabetes were highest among the Indians.
Prevalence of smoking was also the highest among Malays for both males and females.
Malays lack participation in regular exercise as compared to the other ethnic groups.
KEY HEALTH TRENDS
HEALTH

58.
INDIANSMALAYSCHINESE
Diabetes & Hypertension
Source: National Health Survey 2010, Ministry of Health (conducted once in every 6 years)
Prevalence of Diabetes
Indians 17.2%, Malays 16.6% and Chinese 9.7%
Overall, the crude prevalence of diabetes has increased over the years.
(8.2% in 2004 to 11.3% in 2010)
For Malays, it has increased from 11% in 2004 to 16.6% in 2010.
Prevalence of Hypertension
Malays 28%, Chinese 23.4% and Indians 19.3%
Overall, the crude prevalence of diabetes has slightly decreased over the years.
(24.9% in 2004 to 23.5% in 2010)
However, for the Malays it has increased from 22.7% in 2004 to 28% in 2010.
Crude prevalence (%) of diabetes mellitus among Singapore residents aged 18 to 69 years, by gender
and ethnic group, 2010
20.2
MALES
16.2
10.6
FEMALES
14.0
16.9
8.9
Crude prevalence (%) of hypertension among Singapore residents aged 30 to 69 years, by gender and
ethnic group, 2010
21.2
MALES
27.2
26.0
FEMALES
17.1
29.8
19.7
TOTAL
9.7
16.6
17.2
TOTAL
23.4
28.0
19.3
54 HEALTH

59.
HEALTH 55
INDIANSMALAYSCHINESE
High Cholesterol & Obesity
Source: National Health Survey 2010, Ministry of Health
Prevalence of High Cholesterol
Malays 22.6%, Chinese at 17.1% and Indians at 12.6%.
Overall, high total cholesterol prevalence did not have a statistically significant linear trend over the
survey years.
Prevalence of Obesity
Malays at 24%, Indians at 16.9% and Chinese at 7.9%
Overall, prevalence of obesity has been increasing.
(6.9% in 2004 to 10.8% in 2010)
Obesity among Malays has increased from 19.1% in 2004 to 24% in 2010.
Crude prevalence (%) of high cholesterol among Singapore residents aged 18 to 69 years, by gender and
ethnic group, 2010
15.7
MALES
24.7
17.6
FEMALES
9.2
20.6
16.7
Crude prevalence (%) of obesity among Singapore residents aged 18 to 69 years, by gender and ethnic
group, 2010
13.1
MALES
10.7
19.6
FEMALES
21.1
28.2
5.1
TOTAL
17.1
22.6
12.6
TOTAL
7.9
24.0
16.9

60.
INDIANSMALAYSCHINESE
Smoking & Regular Exercise
Source: National Health Survey 2010, Ministry of Health
Crude prevalence (%) of daily smoking among Singapore residents aged 18 to 69 years, by gender and
ethnic group, 2010
17.3
MALES FEMALES
45.5
22.2
2.3
8.1
3.8
24.8
MALES FEMALES
22.9
20.4
18.3
10.4
15.7
Prevalence of Smoking
Malays at 26.5%, Chinese at 12.8% and Indians at 10.1%.
Overall, prevalence of smoking has slightly increased (from 12.6% in 2004 to 14.3% in 2010)
For the Malays, it has increased from 18.6% in 2004 to 26.5% in 2010.
Participation Level of Regular Exercise
Indians 21.7%, Chinese at 19.2% and Malays at 15.3%
Overall, there is a slight increase in prevalence of regular exercise,
(17.9% in 2004 to 19% in 2010)
However, participation level decreased among the Malays, down from 19.9% in 2004 to 15.3%
in 2010.
56 HEALTH
Crude prevalence (%) of leisure-time regular exercise among Singapore residents aged 18 to 69 years,
by gender and ethnic group, 2010
TOTAL
12.8
26.5
10.1
TOTAL
19.2
15.3
21.7

61.
REFERENCES
Department Of Statistics, 2015, Population Trends
Department Of Statistics, 2014, Yearbook Of Statistics
Department Of Statistics, 2010, Census Of Population, Statistical Release 1
Department Of Statistics, 2010, Census Of Population, Statistical Release 2
Department Of Statistics, 2010, Census Of Population, Statistical Release 3
Department Of Statistics, 2000, Census Of Population, Statistical Release 3
Department Of Statistics, 2000, Census Of Population, Statistical Release 5
Department of Statistics, 2014, Statistics Of Marriage & Divorce
Ministry of Education, 2015, Education Statistics Digest
Central Narcotics Bureau Press Release, 2014, Drug Situation Report
Ministry of Health, 2010, National Health Survey

62.
NOTES

63.
YAYASAN MENDAKI / 51 Kee Sun Avenue (off Tay Lian Teck Road) / Singapore 457056

64.
SINGAPORE
MALAY/MUSLIM
COMMUNITY
IN FIGURES
EXTRACTED FROM GENERAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY (2015)
APPENDIX

65.
Year 2010 Year 2015
34.5%
13.3%
23.7%
9.5% 19%
29.1%28.2%
14.7%
9.1%
18.9%
Year 2015
35.9%
7.7%
13.4%
17.2%
25.7%
Year 2010
41.4%
5.5%
9.8%
15.8%
27.5%
Highest Qualification (Resident)
BELOW SECONDARY
SECONDARY
POST-SECONDARY (NON-TERTIARY)
DIPLOMA & PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION
UNIVERSITY
Highest Qualification (Malay)
Between 2010 and 2015, the proportion with post-secondary qualifications increased:
From 13.3% to 14.7% for Diploma and Professional Qualification
From 23.7% to 28.2% for University Qualification
Between 2010 and 2015, the proportion of Malay residents with post-secondary qualifications
increased:
From 15.8% to 17.2% for Post-Secondary (Non-Tertiary)
From 9.8% to 13.4% for Diploma and Professional Qualification
From 5.5% to 7.7% for University Qualification
EDUCATION

66.
EDUCATION
CHINESEMALAYINDIANTOTAL
Highest Qualification in 2010
Highest Qualification in 2015
29.1%
20.8%
35.9%
29.8%
18.9%
16.7%
25.7%
18.6%
9.1%
8.6%
17.2%
8.1%
14.7%
14.5%
13.4%
15.1%
28.2%
39.4%
7.7%
28.4%
BELOW
SECONDARY
34.5%
23.8%
41.4%
35.8%
DIPLOMA & PROFESSIONAL
QUALIFICATIONS
13.3%
12.9%
9.8%
13.9%
UNIVERSITY
23.7%
36.8%
23.2%
5.5%
SECONDARY
19.0%
16.9%
27.5%
18.5%
POST-SECONDARY
(NON-TETIARY)
9.5%
9.6%
15.8%
8.7%
The Chinese, Malay and Indian communities saw an improvement in their educational profiles between
2010 and 2015.
Malays had the highest percentage of its population having Below Secondary (35.9%),
Secondary (25.7%), and Post-Secondary (Non-Tertiary) (17.2%) as the highest qualification
in 2015.
Malays had the least percentage of its population having Diploma & Professional Qualification
(13.4%) and University (7.7%) as the highest qualification in 2015.
BELOW
SECONDARY
DIPLOMA & PROFESSIONAL
QUALIFICATIONS
UNIVERSITYSECONDARY POST-SECONDARY
(NON-TETIARY)

67.
EDUCATION
DIVORCEDWIDOWEDMARRIEDSINGLE
Highest Qualification attained according to Marital
Status (Resident)
Singlehood is a predominant phenomenon among post-secondary (29.5%), polytechnic (23%)
and secondary (18.7%) graduates.
Highest Qualification attained according to Marital
Status (Malay)
10.8%
57.1%
3.6%
18.6%
10.8%
14.7%
13.1%
3.1%
12.8%
10.3%
13.1%
4.4%
Singlehood is a predominant phenomenon among university (34.5%), polytechnic (18%) and
post-secondary (non-tertiary) (14.3%) graduates.
18.7%
28.4%
30.7%
12.9%
17.8%
29.5%
12.0%
3.1%
23.0%
6.8%
5.4%
0.5%
6.4%
5.7%
4.4%
0.9% 6.9%
11.3%
2.7%
0.5%
10.9%
4.9%
59.6%
15.5%
11.7%
10.2%
7.6%
3.2%
9.3%
4.0%
8.8%
10.8%
20.4%
13.7%
24.9%
11.6%
9.4%
14.3%
11.0%
3.5%
7.7%
7.4%
8.2%
1.9%
27.8%
34.5%
14.6%
2.4%
6.9%
18.0%
No
QUALIFICATION
PRIMARY LOWER
SECONDARY
SECONDARY POST-
SECONDARY
PROFESSIONAL
QUALIFICATION
& OTHER DIPLOMA
UNIVERSITYPOLYTECHNIC
4.8%
0.5%
No
QUALIFICATION
PRIMARY LOWER
SECONDARY
SECONDARY POST-
SECONDARY
PROFESSIONAL
QUALIFICATION
& OTHER DIPLOMA
UNIVERSITYPOLYTECHNIC

68.
EDUCATION
SECONDARYLOWER SECONDARYPRIMARYNo QUALIFICATION POST-SECONDARY (NON-TERTIARY)
POLYTECHNIC PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION & OTHER DIPLOMA UNIVERSITY
Highest percentage of the resident male
population have a university education
(31.5%), followed by secondary (16.8%)
and polytechnic (12.5%) as their highest
qualification.
Highest percentage of the resident female
population have a university education
(33.4%), followed by secondary (19.8%),
and professional qualification and other
diploma (10.5%) as their highest qualification.
Highest percentage of the Malay male
population have a post-secondary (non-
tertiary) education (27.8%), followed by
secondary (24.2%) and polytechnic
(13.7%) as their highest qualification.
Highest percentage of the Malay female
population have a secondary education
(28.1%), followed by post-secondary
(non-tertiary)(19.8%) and polytechnic
(13.2%) as their highest qualification.
Highest Qualification attained
by Resident Working Persons
aged 15 and over according to
Gender (‘000)
Highest Qualification attained
by Malay Working Persons
aged 15 and over according to
Gender (‘000)
68.7
(5.8%)
67.1
(5.7%)
91.3
(7.8%)
197.4
(16.8%)
157.0
(13.4%)
147.1
(12.5%)
75.6
(6.4%)
370.3
(31.5%)
MALE
58.9
(6%)
47.9
(4.9%)
59.4
(6.1%)
193.3
(19.8%)
99.5
(10.2%)
89.2
(9.1%)
102.6
(10.5%)
326.6
(33.4%)
FEMALE MALE
6.8
(4.9%)
9.9
(7.2%)
14.5
(10.5%)
33.4
(24.2%)
38.3
(27.8%)
18.9
(13.7%)
6.8
(4.9%)
9.3
(6.7%)
FEMALE
5.1
(5.3%)
5.1
(5.3%)
6.9
(7.1%)
27.2
(28.1%)
19.2
(19.8%)
12.8
(13.2%)
12.2
(12.6%)
8.5
(8.8%)

69.
EMPLOYMENT
Distribution Of Malay Resident Workforce By Industry (’000)
Manufacturing
CONSTRUCTIION
WHOLESALE&RETAILTRADE
Transportation&Storage
ACCOMMODATION&FOODSERVICES
INFORMATION&COMMUNICATIONS
FINANCIAL&INSURANCESERVICES
REALESTATESERVICES
PROFESSIONALSERVICES
ADMINISTRATIVE&SUPPORTSERVICES
PUBLICADMINISTRATION&EDUCATION
HEALTH&SOCIALSERVICES
ARTS,ENTERTAINMENT&RECREATION
OTHERCOMMUNITY,SOCIAL&PERSONALSERVICES
OTHERS*
* ‘Others’ includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management
Distribution Of Resident Workforce By Industry (’000)
n = 2,151.9
1. Wholesale & Retail Trade (16.9%)
2. Public Administration & Education (13.5%)
3. Manufacturing (11.1%)
239.1
(11.1%)
364.5
(16.9%)
110.7
(5.2%)
187.7
(8.7%)
139.2
(6.5%)
83.7
(3.9%)
167.8
(7.8%)
55.4
(2.6%)
167.2
(7.8%)
111.5
(5.2%)
291.5
(13.5%)
105.9
(4.9%)
37.1
(1.7%)
67.2
(3.1%)
23.4
(1.1%)
n = 234.8
1. Public Administration & Education (17%)
2. Transportation & Storage (16%)
3. Wholesale & Retail Trade (11%)
20.5
(9%)
6.9
(3%)
25.8
(11%)
36.3
(16%)
16.0
(7%)
5.5
(2%)
10.2
(4%) 6,9
(3%)
11.3
(5%)
21.0
(9%)
40.6
(17%)
16.5
(7%)
5.6
(2%)
6.3
(3%) 5.4
(2%)

70.
EMPLOYMENT
MALE FEMALE
Distribution of Malay Resident Workforce by Industry
and Gender (’000)
Total
Manufacturing
Construction
Services
Wholesale & Retail Trade
Transportation & Storage
Accommodation & Food Services
Information & Communications
Financial & Insurance Services
Real Estate Services
Professional Services
Administrative & Support Services
Public Administration & Education
Health & Social Services
Arts, Entertainment & Recreation
Other Community, Social & Personal Services
Others*
14.5 (70.7%)
6.0 (29.3%)
5.3 (76.8%)
1.6 (23.2%)
113.7 (56.3%)
88.3 (43.7%)
14.8 (57.4%)
11.0 (42.6%)
27.3 (75.2%)
9.0 (24.8%)
6.7 (41.9%)
9.3 (58.1%)
2.7 (49.1%)
2.8 (50.9%)
4.5 (44.1%)
5.7 (55.9%)
3.5 (50.7%)
3.4 (49.3%)
6.5 (57.5%)
4.8 (42.5%)
13.7 (65.2%)
7.3 (34.8%)
24.5 (60.3%)
16.1 (39.7%)
3.4 (20.6%)
13.1 (79.4%)
3.2 (57.1%)
2.4 (42.9%)
2.8 (44.4%)
3.5 (55.6%)
4.4 (81.5%)
0.9 (18.5%)
* ‘Others’ includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management
96.9 (41.3%)
137.9 (58.7%)

71.
HOUSEHOLD
National Monthly Household Income in 2015 (‘000)*
Malay Monthly Household Income in 2015 (‘000)*
NOTWORKING
BELOW$1,000
$1,000-$1,499
$1,500-$1,999
$2,000-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999
$4,000-$4,499
$4,500-$4,999
$5,000-$5,999
$6,000-$6,999
$7,000-$7,999
$8,000-$8,999
$9,000-$9,999
$10,000-$10,999
$11,000-$11,999
$12,000-$12,999
$13,000-$13,999
$14,000-$14,999
$15,000-$17,499
$17,500-$19,999
$20,000&over
Total Resident households = 1,225.3
Total Malay households = 134.1
118.8
24.0
36.4 33.6
37.4
33.2 33.7 34.0
38.9
33.3
69.4 70.8
65.4 65.0
58.6
52.7
46.9 43.8
36.8 33.6
63.5
46.9
148.6
10.6
3.5
5.4
6.4 6.2
5.3
6.3
5.7 5.5
4.5
11.0
10.4
8.5
6.7
5.1
4.2 3.9
2.9 2.7
3.7
2.1
3.1
10.4
*Includes employer CPF contributions

72.
HOUSEHOLD
MALAY NATIONAL
Monthly Household Income in 2015 % (Malay and National)
In 2015, majority of Malay households have $5,000 –$5,999 as their monthly household income
(8.2%).
This is in contrast to the total resident population where a significant number of households have
$20,000 & Over as their household income.
Only 2.3% of Malay households have $20,000 & Over as their household income.
NOTWORKING
BELOW$1,000
$1,000-$1,499
$1,500-$1,999
$2,000-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999
$4,000-$4,499
$4,500-$4,999
$5,000-$5,999
$6,000-$6,999
$7,000-$7,999
$8,000-$8,999
$9,000-$9,999
$10,000-$10,999
$11,000-$11,999
$12,000-$12,999
$13,000-$13,999
$14,000-$14,999
$15,000-$17,499
$17,500-$19,999
$20,000&over
Total Resident households = 1,225.3
Total Malay households = 134.1
9.7
7.9
2.6
2
3
4 4.8
2.7
4.6
3.1
4
2.7
4.7
2.8
4.3 4.1 3.4
8.2 7.8
2.8
3.2
2.7
5.7 5.8
5.3 5.3
4.8
4.3
3.8
3.6
3
2.7
5.2
3.8
7.8
6.3 5 3.8 3.1 2.9 2 1.62.8 2.3
12.1
2

73.
HOUSEHOLD
Resident and Malay Monthly Household Income Per Household
Member (‘000)
NOTWORKING
BELOW$250
$250-$499
$500-$749
$750-$999
$1,000-$1,499
$1,500-$1,999
$2,000-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999
$4,000-$4,499
$4,500-$4,999
$5,000-$5,499
$5,500-$5,999
$6,000&over
In 2015, majority of Malay households have $1,000 –$1,499 as their monthly household
income per household member (18.9%).
10.6
2.1
7.8
11.6 12.3
25.4
20.4
15.3
9.3
5.9
4.2 2.5 1.8 1.6 0.7
2.7
118.8
8.9
31.7
53.5
57.9
137.5
135.3
126.8
98.6
83.8
66.5
53.1
40.1
34.5
26.0
152.2
MALAY NATIONAL

74.
HOUSEHOLD
2010 2015
Malay: Household Size
1 PERSON
2 PERSONS
3 PERSONS
4 PERSONS
5 PERSONS
6 OR MORE
PERSONS
0 5 10 15 20 25PERCENTAGE (%)
6.5
6.9
13.1
17.0
16.2
19.7
21.2
21.8
20.0
16.1
23.1
18.5
Between 2010 and 2015, the shift towards smaller households was the most notable among Malay
households. Average household size decreased from 4.2 in 2010 to 3.9 in 2015.
Malay households nevertheless continued to have larger households on average than Chinese and
Indian households.

75.
HOUSEHOLD
Types of Dwelling
Total
HDB Dwellings1
1- & 2-Room2
3-Room
4-Room
5-Room & Executive
Condominiums & Other
Apartments
Landed Properties
Others
Types of Dwelling Total (%) Chinese (%) Malays (%) Indians (%)
2010 2015 2010 2015 2010 2015 2010 2015
100.0
82.4
4.6
20.0
31.9
25.6
11.5
5.7
0.5
100.0
801
5.6
18.2
32.0
24.1
13.9
5.6
0.3
100.0
81.2
4.1
19.9
31.2
25.7
11.9
6.3
0.5
100.0
78.5
4.4
18.1
31.7
24.3
14.8
6.3
0.4
100.0
96.9
8.7
22.0
39.2
26.9
2.0
0.9
0.1
100.0
97.4
14.6
21.0
38.6
23.2
1.8
0.7
–
100.0
82.8
4.9
21.0
32.0
24.6
12.5
4.4
0.3
100.0
80.7
6.6
18.3
30.0
25.7
14.7
4.4
0.3
Over the period of 5 years:
Most Malays still live in HDB dwellings as compared to other ethnic groups (97.4%
in 2015), with majority living in 4-Room flats (38.6%).
Significant increase in those living in condominiums & other apartments among the
Chinese & Indians (2–3% growth) while Malays saw a decrease (from 2% to 1.8%).
Highest percentage growth for those living in 1- and 2-room flats among the
Malays from 8.7% in 2010 to 14.6% in 2015.
1
Includes non-privatised Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDC) flats.
2
Includes HDB studio apartments.

76.
HOUSEHOLD
2010 2015
Malay: Types of Dwelling
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
HDB 1 & 2 ROOM HDB 3 ROOM HDB 4 ROOM HDB 5 ROOM
& EXECUTIVE
CONDOMINIUM &
OTHER APARTMENTS
LANDED
PROPERTIES
8.7
14.6
22.0
21.0
39.2 38.6
26.9
23.2
2.0 1.8 0.9 0.7
Home Ownership
(%)
Total
Owner
Non-Owner
Tenancy Total (%) Chinese (%) Malays (%) Indians (%)
2010 2015 2010 2015
100.0
87.2
12.8
100.0
90.8
9.2
100.0
89.9
10.1
100.0
93.1
6.9
100.0
89.6
10.4
100.0
86.9
13.1
100.0
77.3
22.7
100.0
84.1
15.9
Residential Households By Tenancy And Ethnic Group Of Head
In 2015, home ownership was the highest among Chinese households at 93.1%, followed
by Malay (86.9%) and Indian (84.1%) households.
Between 2010 and 2015, there was a decrease in the ownership of homes for
Malay households (from 89.6% to 86.9%) while the other ethnic groups showed
an increase.
OTHERS
0.1 –
2010 2015 2010 2015

77.
HOUSEHOLD
Resident Malay Households by Living Arrangement and Sex
of Head of Household* (’000)
Couple-Based Malay Households with Children by Age & Sex
of Head of Household (’000)
* Head of Household
The head of a household is the person generally acknowledged as such by other members of the household. The head is normally the
oldest member, the main income earner, the owner-occupier of the house or the person who manages the affairs of the household. Where
the household comprises a group of unrelated persons, the head of household refers to the person who manages the affairs of the
household, or any person who supplied the information pertaining to other members.
Malay Household Living Arrangement Total Males Females
Married Couple-Based Households with Children
Married Couple-Based Households with
no Children
Other Households with Family Nucleus
Households without Family Nucleus
Grand Total
81.3 (60.6%)
15.7 (11.7%)
22.7 (16.9%)
14.5 (10.8%)
134.1
74.7
14.1
6.0
6.7
101.6
6.6
1.6
16.7
7.7
32.5
Household Living Arrangement Total Males Females
Young Head Aged Below 35 years
Middle-Aged Head Aged 35-49 years
Mature Head Aged 50-64 years
Elderly Head Aged 65 years and over
Married Couple-Based Households
with Children
10.1 (7.5%)
30.0 (22.4%)
35.4 (26.4%)
5.8 (4.3%)
81.3 (60.6%)
8.9
27.4
32.8
5.6
74.7
1.2
2.7
2.5
0.2
6.6
Majority of Malay households (60.6%) are couple-based with the presence of children.
Majority of couple-based households with children have males aged 50-64 years as the
head of household.

78.
SOCIAL
English
Mandarin
Chinese Dialects
Malay
Tamil
Others*
Total*
32.3
35.6
14.3
12.2
3.3
2.3
Chinese Malay Indians
36.9
34.9
12.2
10.7
3.3
2.0
32.6
47.7
19.2
–
–
0.4
37.4
46.1
16.1
–
–
0.4
17.0
–
–
82.7
–
0.3
21.5
–
–
78.4
–
0.1
41.6
–
–
7.9
36.7
13.8
44.3
–
–
5.6
37.7
12.4
2010 2015 2010 2015 2010 2015 2010 2015
The use of English as the language most frequently spoken at home
increased across the major ethnic groups.
Language most frequently spoken at home for Malays
(aged 5 years & over):
Malay: 78.4%
English: 21.5%
Others: 0.1%
Language Spoken
Language Most Frequently
Spoken at Home (%)
(Aged 5 Years & Over)
*
Refer to other languages not elsewhere listed under respective Ethnic Group. For example, “Others”
under Chinese include Malay, Tamil etc. and “Others” under Malays include Mandarin, Chinese
Dialects, Tamil etc.

79.
SOCIAL
Chinese
English
Mandarin
Chinese Dialects
Others*
Malays
English
Malay
Others*
Indians
English
Malay
Tamil
Others*
5-14 Years
100
51.9
46.4
1.4
0.4
100
25.8
74.0
0.2
100
50.3
6.7
31.0
12.0
2010 2015
Language Most Frequently Spoken at Home by Age Group
(Aged 5 Years & Over)
Ethnic Group/
Language
100
61.3
37.4
0.9
0.3
100
36.4
63.3
0.2
100
53.9
3.5
34.5
8.1
15-24
Years
100
40.7
55.3
3.6
0.4
100
17.9
81.9
0.2
100
52.3
12.1
29.3
6.4
2010 2015
100
50.2
47.6
1.8
0.4
100
24.5
75.5
–
100
56.2
7.7
29.2
6.9
100
29.4
58.5
11.3
0.7
100
19.9
79.4
0.7
100
34.3
6.2
39.5
20.0
2010 2015
100
37.5
56.2
5.7
0.6
100
23.5
76.5
–
100
42.4
6.9
36.4
14.3
100
34.4
50.1
15.1
0.5
100
21.1
78.1
0.8
100
37.4
4.5
38.6
19.5
2010 2015
100
37.2
50.6
11.8
0.4
100
26.8
72.6
0.6
100
35.2
2.8
42.2
19.8
100
31.5
49.0
19.2
0.3
100
11.9
87.9
0.2
100
43.8
9.3
37.2
9.8
2010 2015
100
33.8
51.0
15.0
0.2
100
16.7
83.3
–
100
43.3
4.7
37.4
14.5
100
19.2
34.6
45.8
0.3
100
5.5
94.3
0.2
100
34.4
11.4
43.7
10.5
2010 2015
100
24.1
38.5
37.2
0.3
100
6.8
93.2
–
100
39.1
9.0
43.6
8.3
25-34
Years
35-44
Years
45-54
Years
55-64
Years

80.
92.1
SOCIAL
General Literacy Rate % (2010-2015)
General Literacy Rate aged 15 years & over:
Malays: 97.3%, Chinese: 96.5%, Indian: 98.3%
Literate Population aged 15 years & over:
Malays: 88.6% literate in 2 or more languages
Indians: 82.9% literate in 2 or more languages
Chinese: 70.3% literate in 2 or more languages
*
Literacy - This refers to a person’s ability to read with understanding, e.g. a newspaper, in the language(s) specified. It is as declared
by the person.
95.2
96.5
97.1
97.3
98.1
98.3
CHINESE
MALAYS
INDIANS
TOTAL 95.9
96.8
33.5
29.7
13.7
11.4
17.9
17.1
29.5
26.8
66.5
70.3
86.3
88.6
82.1
82.9
CHINESE
MALAYS
INDIANS
TOTAL 70.5
73.2
General Literacy Rate (%)
% Literate in One Langauge Only
% Literate in Two or More Langauges
AMONG LITERATE RESIDENTS
2010 2015
CHINESE
MALAYS
TOTAL
INDIANS
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100