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Faithful and Attached Companions: Sir Edward Pellew and the young gentlemen of HMS Indefatigable

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Faithful and Attached Companions: Sir Edward Pellew and the young gentlemen of HMS Indefatigable

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A research seminar presented at the National Museum of the Royal Navy, Portsmouth on the 14th of May 2014 by Lorna M. Campbell and Heather Noel Smith

A research seminar presented at the National Museum of the Royal Navy, Portsmouth on the 14th of May 2014 by Lorna M. Campbell and Heather Noel Smith

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Faithful and Attached Companions: Sir Edward Pellew and the young gentlemen of HMS Indefatigable

  1. 1. “…faithful and attached companions…” Sir Edward Pellew and the young gentlemen of HMS Indefatigable By Heather Noel-Smith and Lorna M. Campbell National Museum of the Royal Navy Seminar Series, 14th May 2014
  2. 2. The Action between H.M. Frigates Indefatigable and Amazon and the French Droits de L'Homme off Ushant, 13th January 1797 by Derek G. M. Gardner, CC BY lorna.m.campbell@ilcoud.com.
  3. 3. “We then much to our astonishment saw her to be a line of battle which of course surprised us but as we had begun then we must go through with it.” -Nicholas Pateshall Nicholas Lechmere Pateshall, circle of Domenico Pellegrini, © Sotheby’s.
  4. 4. “We then went at her again like bull dogs ...” -Nicholas Pateshall Nicholas Lechmere Pateshall, circle of Domenico Pellegrini, © Sotheby’s.
  5. 5. “...every creature was too earnestly and too hardily at work to attend exactly to the run of the ship…the sea was high, the people on the main deck were up to their middles in water, some guns broke their breechings four times …all our masts were much wounded, and the maintop mast completely unrigg'd, and saved only by uncommon alacrity.” - Edward Pellew Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, by James Northcote, © National Portrait Gallery.
  6. 6. “…the men fought half way up their legs in water, cheering and inspiring courage to all around by their own animated gallant example.” - Robert Carthew Reynolds Robert Carthew Reynolds by John Buncombe © Christie’s.
  7. 7. “…wherever a man fell, ten sprang up to take his place.” - Jean Baptiste Raymond de Lacrosse Jean Baptiste Raymond de Lacrosse by Antoine Maurin. Public domain image.
  8. 8. Destruction of the Droits de L’Homme by Ebenezer Colls, © National Maritime Museum.
  9. 9. The Droits de L’Homme by James Lynn, © Bonhams .
  10. 10. “... the enemy, who had so bravely defended herself, lying on her broadside, and a tremendous surf beating over her.” - Edward Pellew Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, by James Northcote, © National Portrait Gallery.
  11. 11. Le Vaisseau Le Droits de L’Homme, from La France Maritime by Amedee Grehan.
  12. 12. “... a gale of wind – a dead lee shore, and an enemy’s at that – a crippled ship – an exhausted crew and the Penmark Rocks, that dread of seamen, to be weathered – these were the difficulties which presented themselves to Pellew as the day dawned.” - Edward Hawke Locker Edward Hawke Locker by Henry Wyndham Philips © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  13. 13. Destruction of Le Droits de L’Homme by I Brydon, © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  14. 14. “... at eleven A.M. we made the breakers, and, by the blessing of God, weather’d the Penmark Rocks about half a mile.” - Edward Pellew Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, by James Northcote, © National Portrait Gallery.
  15. 15. Vaisseau Droits de l’Homme by Leopold le Guen, public domain image.
  16. 16. London Standard, 1848 Lloyds Weekly London Newspaper 5 November, 1854
  17. 17. Pellew Papers, Devon Archives, CC BY lorna.m.campbell@icloud.com.
  18. 18. Sir Edward Pellew, private collection. Captain Sir Edward Pellew, later, Admiral Lord Exmouth.
  19. 19. HMS Indefatigable Joining the Western Squadron by J.T. Serres, 1800, © Christies.
  20. 20. George John, 2nd Earl Spencer. First Lord of the Admiralty, 1794 - 1801 George John, 2nd Earl Spencer, by John Singleton Copely, © National Portrait Gallery.
  21. 21. Pellew to Spencer, 28 February 1799, © The National Archives.
  22. 22. “Is it fair then to presume Sir EP has no sensibility, no attachment, no feeling, that his heart must be adamant, that he can part from faithful, and attached Companions, grown from boys to manhood under him, without a sorrowful Countenance, or a Moistened Eye. He grants it may be thought so. But he begs to assert the Contrary” - Sir Edward Pellew to Lord Spencer
  23. 23. The Droits de L’Homme Engagement Muster table of His Majesty’s Ship the Indefatigable between 1st January and 28th February 1797, CC BY lorna.m.campbell@icloud.com.
  24. 24. Age in 1797
  25. 25. Fleetwood Pellew Fleetwood Pellew, by George Chinnery, © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  26. 26. First ships Nymphe 1793 - 1794 Arethusa 1794 - 1795 Indefatigable 1795 - 1799 George Chace Thomas Groube James Bray Philip Frowd William Kempthorne Richard Broughton John Gaze John McKerlie George Cadogan Pownoll Pellew John Thomson Jeremiah Coghlan Robert Reynolds George Tippett John Harry William Warden Henry Hart Alex McVicar Nicholas Pateshall Fleetwood Pellew
  27. 27. Place of birth
  28. 28. The Western Squadron leaving Falmouth by Derek G M Gardner, © Bonhams.
  29. 29. Friends & Patrons • Richard Broughton • George Cadogan • William Kempthorne • Robert Reynolds • John Thomson • William Warden Family • Philip Frowd • Pownoll Pellew • Fleetwood Pellew Silhouette of Captain Pellew, later Viscount Exmouth, by William Wellings,
  30. 30. Background and family circumstances 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 aristocracy mercantile craftsmen professional packet captain country gentry royal or merchant marine
  31. 31. “Mr Pateshall” Mr Pateshall, © Herefordshire Archives.
  32. 32. Admiral Sir Edward Pellew Admiral Sir Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, by William Owen, © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  33. 33. Annotations to Osler’s Life of Admiral Lord Exmouth, private collection. “Capt Bell and Capt Thomas Groube were both taken from a West Indiaman. Capts Gaze and McVicar the same (merchant vessels).” - Fleetwood Pellew
  34. 34. A British Vessel Taking a Prize, by E.B. Eagles, 1805 © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  35. 35. Naval General Servic Naval General Service Medal role, © The National Archives.
  36. 36. Broughton court martial Broughton Court Martial, © The National Archives.
  37. 37. Kempthorne court martial Kempthorne Court Martial, © The National Archives.
  38. 38. “The navy has lost its brightest jewel, you and your family the best of husbands and fathers, a wide circle of us a matchless friend and the country a stay and defender.” - William Kempthorne to Fleetwood Pellew
  39. 39. George, 3rd Earl Cadogan by Sir Francis Grant, © Haggerston Press. The Honorable George Cadogan
  40. 40. George, 3rd Earl Cadogan Admiral Cadogan, courtesy of Paul Frecker, http://www.paulfrecker.com/
  41. 41. Robert Carthew Reynolds From Picturesque Views of Diamond Rock by Joseph Constantine Stadler, © Royal Museums Greenwich
  42. 42. Kingston and Port Royal from Windsor Farm by James Hakewill, © The British Library.
  43. 43. A new map of Nova Scotia, Newfoundland &c. from the latest authorities, 1807, by John Cary, © David Rumsey Map Collection.
  44. 44. South Park Road Cemetery, © Madhu, http://theurgetowander.com/
  45. 45. The Battle of Trafalgar by C. F. Stanfield, public domain image.
  46. 46. The Bombardment of Algiers, by George Chambers, 1836, © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  47. 47. Sheerness Yard from the window of the Fountain Inn by Henry Moses, 1824, © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  48. 48. Nicholas Lechmere Pateshall Nicholas Lechmere Pateshall, circle of Domenico Pellegrini, © Sotheby’s.
  49. 49. Muskat Harbour from the Fisher-mens Rock, by Lt R. Temple, 1813 , © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  50. 50. The Charts and Plans Referred to in the Report from the Committee Appointed to Examine into Mr Telford’s Report and Survey, 15th June 1809.
  51. 51. HMS Vernon in a trail of sailing with the Experimental Squadron, unknown artist, © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  52. 52. The Repertory of Patent Inventions, Vol XIII, January – June 1849. London.
  53. 53. Leith Pier and Harbour by J Waddell, © Peter Stubbs, www.edinphoto.org.uk, used with permission.
  54. 54. Houses of Parliament Westminster, Thomas Rowlandson, 1808, public domain image.
  55. 55. The Anti-Corn-Law Bazaar, Theatre Royal Manchester, 1842, © West Sussex County Council.
  56. 56. Marine Society Trading Card, 1818, © British Museum.
  57. 57. Yard of Probationary House of the London Female Mission, © NMRC, English Heritage.
  58. 58. The Antiquarian Society by George Cruikshank, 1812, © The British Museum.
  59. 59. Nelson’s Column under construction by W.H.F. Talbot, © National Media Museum.
  60. 60. Captain Sir Edward Pellew, later 1st Viscount Exmouth by Thomas Lawrence, © Royal Museums Greenwich. Captain Sir Edward Pellew.
  61. 61. “My dear Fleetwood the will of God be done. You have lost the best of Father’s and I the most generous and kindest of friends that ever lived…..I will mourn in solemn silence the man who has ever been most dear to my heart….. He will find his reward in heaven whither his great spirit is flown. I never saw his equal not can I expect ever to look on his like again.” - Jeremiah Coghlan to Fleetwood Pellew
  62. 62. “While I had life my heart was deeply impressed by your multiple kindnesses.” - William Kempthorne
  63. 63. Captain Jeremiah Coghlan, “Intrepid Jerry” Captain Jeremiah Coghlan by John Miers and John Field, © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  64. 64. The Wreck of the East Indiaman Dutton in Plymouth Sound, 26 January 1796 by Thomas Luny © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  65. 65. Admiral Sir John Jervis, Earl St Vincent Admiral John Jervis (1735–1823), Earl St Vincent by William Beechy © City of London Corporation.
  66. 66. Sword inscription © Peter Finer.
  67. 67. © Peter Finer. Sabre presented to the Intrepid Coughlan. Acting-Lieutenant Jeremiah Coghlan of HMS Viper by Admiral The Earl St Vincent.
  68. 68. Blockade of Toulon, 1810-1814: Pellew's action, 5 November 1813 by Thomas Luny, © Royal Museums Greenwich.
  69. 69. Panorama in 360º of Rio de Janeiro, looking North-east, 1826 by William John Burchell © Collection Museum Africa, Johannesburg.
  70. 70. PCC Wills PROB 11: 2910, Will of Jeremiah Coghlan
  71. 71. The Hampshire Advertiser, Saturday, March 30, 1844.
  72. 72. Further Information • Indefatigable1797.wordpress.com – http://indefatigable1797.wordpress.com • Heather Noel-Smith – Heather.noel-smith@sky.com • Lorna M. Campbell – Lorna.m.campbell@icloud.com

Editor's Notes

  • Cadogan’s father forwarded his son’s letter to Earl Spencer, by then the Home Secretary, with the following covering letter: 1st Earl Cadgoan to Earl Spencer“I here enclose you a most melancholy letter form poor George I receive this day, and shall make no other observations on it. Except that I flatter myself, as he has been honourably acquitted of the charges brought against him, and his brought his ships crew to condign punishment, that no obstacle can now be brought forward to his preferment on that score. What I most fear for is his health in that cursed climate.”
  • Three of the Indefatigable’s actions were commemorated by clasps on the Naval General Service Medal in 1847. One of which was for her most famous action, the ferocious engagement, along with the Amazon frigate, of the French 74 gun ship of the line Les Droits de L’Homme.
  • Cadogan continued in active naval service until 1813 when he retired with honours following the capture of Zara on the Dalmatian coast, an action for which he was decorated. Cadogan was thirty and had been at sea for sixteen years since joining HMS Indefatigable in 1795. Over the course of his naval career George Cadogan experience the best and the worst of the sea service and his few surviving letters provide a glimpse of the personal cost of these events. Cadogan may never have ascended to the heights of his early mentor Captain Sir Edward Pellew but neither did he sink to the depths of the brutal Captain Hugh Pigot. His letters suggest a man of some sensibility who was moved and affected by the events that he experienced and who is ultimately revealed as a deeply human individual.
  • Further Information.

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