This is the largest, most comprehensive collection in existence of images depicting the history of Lake Placid, consisting of the 333 historic slides compiled by the late public historian Mary MacKenzie, digitally restored by Lee Manchester. TO PURCHASE A BOUND, PRINT EDITION, GO TO http://stores.lulu.com/marymackenzie
5. Photos from the
Plains of Abraham
The Mary MacKenzie Historic Slide Collection
333 historic photographs of North Elba
township and the village of Lake Placid,
Essex County, New York
Curated by Lee Manchester
The Mary MacKenzie Project
Lake Placid Public Library
January 2010
6.
7. Contents
About this collection................................................................................................................... ix
Hotels........................................................................................................................................xiii
Winter sport............................................................................................................................... 91
1932 Olympic Winter Games.................................................................................................. 147
The village............................................................................................................................... 217
Newman................................................................................................................................... 247
Placid Lake .............................................................................................................................. 261
The Doris................................................................................................................................. 269
Early churches ......................................................................................................................... 277
Schools..................................................................................................................................... 297
Roads ....................................................................................................................................... 303
John Brown.............................................................................................................................. 309
Moving pictures....................................................................................................................... 321
Farming.................................................................................................................................... 327
Lake Placid Club ..................................................................................................................... 335
Placid at war ............................................................................................................................ 347
Miscellaneous personages ....................................................................................................... 355
Miscellaneous.......................................................................................................................... 363
8.
9. About this collection
This is the third and final component of the intellectual legacy of Mary Landon
MacKenzie, who died in 2003. For more than 40 years, Mary MacKenzie was the official
historian of the town of North Elba, within which is situated the village of Lake Placid. Shortly
after her death, I began combing through the papers she had left behind, preparing to edit her
collected historical writings.
Maryâs first posthumous book was not, however, a historical publication; it was a
collection of nearly 150 poems she had written as a young woman in the 1930s and quietly
preserved in her desk, unbeknownst to her family. That collection was first published in 2005 by
Blueline, the literary magazine of the Adirondacks, as its first-ever book-length supplement. It
has been reprinted as âThe Secret Poems of Mary C. Landon.â
In 2007, Nicholas K. Burns Publishing of Utica, N.Y., came out with the crown jewel of
Mary MacKenzieâs legacy, âThe Plains of Abraham: A History of North Elba and Lake Placid,â a
400-page collection of the research left behind from her four-decade career as an Adirondack
public historian. I have recently released a supplement to that major collection, âMore from the
Plains of Abraham,â which contains a number of publishable items from Maryâs files that were
left out of the original anthology.
The final component of Mrs. MacKenzieâs intellectual estate is the Mary MacKenzie
Historic Slide Collection, which contains the restored images from 333 film slides collected by
Mary and used as illustrative material for her public lectures on local and regional history. It is, to
my knowledge, the largest, most comprehensive collection in existence of images depicting the
history of Lake Placid and environs.
10. After scanning all 333 of Maryâs slides for electronic storage, I spent several months
digitally restoring the images. Most of them had sustained at least some damage from rough
treatment over the years, and some were in very poor condition.
The image collection was initially published online by the Lake Placid Public Library in
conjunction with the release of âThe Plains of Abrahamâ in 2007. I have recently reformatted the
material for print publication.
Several images in this volume appear âcockeyed.â They were either originally
photographed, or were transferred to film slides, at a slightly âoffâ angle. In the process of
restoring these images, I straightened them up, but I did not want to trim away the visual
information that would be lost if I were to square these photographs off, which is why you see
them here as they are.
I have written captions for the photos in this collection that should be sufficient to identify
them for those familiar with Lake Placid and North Elba history from reading âThe Plains of
Abraham.â Any questions about the images in this collection should be answered by referring to
Mary MacKenzieâs magnum opus.
A very few captions in this book identify the imageâs photographer. Those were cases
where Mrs. MacKenzie had actually recorded that identification on the cardboard frame of the
slide itself. I did not take any extra steps to systematically identify the many photographers whose
work Mary had appropriated as she interpreted the history of North Elba and Lake Placid for the
members of her community and those who love it.
Lee ManchesterJay, New York
November 23, 2008
15. 1
The story of the resort village of Lake Placid and the tale of its hotels are inextricably
intertwined. For instance, the very first house (1852) built within the territory that would one
day become Lake Placid village was also its first hostelry. This 1873 photo shows the famous
Red House, home of Joseph V. Nash, who also boarded guests who were visiting the lake.
16. 2
Joe Nash was
later considered
to be the
âfounderâ of
Lake Placid,
subdividing his
farm property on
the west side of
Mirror Lake and
encouraging the
development of a
new village there.
17. 3
A guest lolls on the lawn of the Red House before the development of Lake Placid village,
enjoying the serenity of Bennetâs Pond, as Mirror Lake was previously known.
(Photo by S.R. Stoddard, 1873)
19. 5
In 1871, Benjamin Brewster, Joe Nashâs brother-in-law and next-door neighbor, built the first
real hotel in Lake Placid. He called it Lake Placid House, but most folks just called it
Brewsterâs. This stereopticon photo of Brewsterâs was taken in 1873 by Seneca Ray Stoddard.
20. 6
This ca. 1885 photo of Signal Hill shows Brewsterâs and the Mirror Lake Inn.
21. 7
Looking north on Mirror Lake, before the Lake Placid Houseâs âgrandification.â
22. 8
After Brewsterâs major (some would say grotesque) expansion in 1897, it was no longer
known as the Lake Placid House. This July 12, 1901 photo shows the hotel that had come to
be called the Lake Placid Inn. On the far right is St. Eustace-by-Lakes Episcopal Church.
26. 12
This 1910 photo shows the Lake Placid Inn in its full glory.
Just 10 years later, though, Brewsterâs burned to ground, never to be rebuilt.
27. 13
The Excelsior House, built in 1876 atop Signal Hill, was Ben Brewsterâs
second hotel. Brewster sold it in 1878 to 30-year-old John Stevens, from
Plattsburgh, who renamed it the Stevens House. This photo was taken about
1880, five years before the fire of Dec. 24, 1885 that destroyed the building.
28. 14
The Stevens House was rebuilt, bigger and better than ever,
to become one of early Lake Placidâs signature hotels.
32. 18
The Stevens House was decorated for the visit of President McKinley on Aug. 11, 1897.
33. 19
The Stevens House at about the turn of the 20th
century, seen from the corner of
Main Street and Saranac Avenue. At streetside is the home of William Lamb.
46. 32
The road past Cascade House. It was the upgrading of this road in 1927 that probably
doomed the hotel; stories say that road blasting blew so many holes in the roof that the
Lake Placid Club, which had bought the place four years earlier, never reopened it.
47. 33
The original core of the Grand View Hotel, built in 1878
on the current site of the Crowne Plaza Lake Placid Resort.
52. 38
The view of Lake Placid village and Mirror Lake from the Grand View.
The Lake Placid House, before its 1897 expansion, can be seen across the lake.
53. 39
Grand View Hotel and Robinâs Nest, ca. 1895. In the foreground are
the ruins of the Mirror Lake House, which burned in the fall of 1894.
58. 44
Adirondack Lodge, built by Henry van Hoevenberg in 1880.
The legendary log hotel was destroyed in the catastrophic firestorm of 1903.
59. 45
Henry van Hoevenberg was, himself, one of the major attractions of his Adirondack
Lodge. In this photo, Henry tells tall tales to his guests around the campfire.
60. 46
After the 1903
fire, Henry van
Hoevenberg went
to work as chief
engineer for the
Lake Placid Club.
He is seen here,
as in most photos,
in his customary
all-leather attire.
66. 52
Mirror Lake House (opened spring 1882) and Allen House (1880) stood side-by-side for a few
years on the lower slopes of Grand View Hill. In this 1883 photo, Mirror Lake House is on the
left, Allen House on the right. Just three years later, the Allen House burned. Its owner, Henry
Allen, consolidated his operations in the Grand View Hotel, which he had bought in 1881.
67. 53
This pre-1886 photo, taken from the north end of Mirror Lake, shows both the Mirror Lake
House and adjoining Allen House below the early Grand View.
68. 54
Mirror Lake House and Main Street, as seen from the northern end of Mirror Lake, 1890.
72. 58
Another one of the areaâs grand hotels was the Whiteface Inn,
built in 1882, originally known as the Westside for its location
on the West Lake of Placid Lake. This drawing dates from 1887.
73. 59
The front lawn of The Westside, leading down to Placid Lake, ca. 1890.
74. 60
The Westside, renamed the Whiteface Inn in February 1891, photographed in 1895. The first
Whiteface Inn was torn down in 1901 so that a second Whiteface could be built in its place.
80. 66
Lake Placidâs hotel history was everywhere. This house (current address 2512 Main Street) was
built in 1880 as the home of Marshall Lamoy. It was sold in 1900 to Episcopal rector Rev.
William Wilmerding Moir, who died just two years later. The house was then bought in 1906 by
Charles Kennedy, owner of the neighboring Northwoods Inn, who used it for overflow. Kennedy
sold the house in 1919 to Harvey Alford. Alford enlarged the house on the south end in 1925,
and it became the Alford Inn. Today, it is the Adirondack Decorative Arts and Crafts store.
81. 67
In the foreground is the old Leahy House, which later became the site of a Ramada Inn,
expanded and renamed the Summit Hotel Resort & Suites in 2005. Its owner,
Thomas Leahy, operated the nearby Lakeside Inn from 1920 until his death in 1947.
84. 70
A hand-tinted postcard shows The Pines, on Saranac Avenue, built in 1900.
It was greatly expanded in 1926 and renamed the St. Moritz.
Then, in 2004, new owners gave it back its original name, The Pines.
85. 71
The Pines, ca. 1900. Interestingly, this post card appears to have been made from the same
photograph as the previous image, but it has been reversed and cropped more generously.
86. 72
This photo from a
promotional
brochure shows
the Mountain
View House on
the Cascade Road
around the turn of
the 20th
century.
Originally the
1850 frame home
of Robert G.
Scott, the farmer
started taking in
boarders. By
1877 it had been
expanded into its
final form.
87. 73
In June 1903, a chimney fire burned the Mountain View House to the ground.
88. 74
The Lakeside Inn, on Mirror Lake, ca. 1900. This small hotel was built by Carrie Lamb
Ware, who was given the land by her father Joseph Nash. Carrie ran the hotel for many
years. It later burned and was replaced by the current lakeside annex of the Hilton hotel.
91. 77
The Homestead, which became one of Lake Placidâs better known small hotels, started out in
the 1880s as a private home on the southwest corner of Main Street and Saranac Avenue.
93. 79
In 1922, Charlie Green, son-in-law of village founder/developer Joe Nash,
sold The Homestead to the Roland family. Peter Roland tore down
The Homestead in 1979, in the runup to the Olympics, to build the Hilton Hotel.
94. 80
Charlie Green also operated the Green House, later called The Adirondack.
It stood just to the south of the Adirondack Baptist Church on Main Street.
95. 81
The American House (or Lodge) was built in 1894 by the Hurley Brothers.
It stood on Mill Pond directly across Station Street from the railroad depot.
On July 21, 1941, the 30-room hotel was destroyed by fire. A hardware store
now stands on the site, but the American House stables still stand behind it.
97. 83
William Fox Leggettâs storied log hotel, the Castle Rustico, on the west side of upper Placid
Lake. The hostelry was built as a private home in 1873-74 and opened for business in 1879.
The Leggetts ceased operating their business in 1888. The property was subdivided into
smaller camps. The âcastleâ itself fell into disrepair and was demolished in the 1950s.
98. 84
A photo of Lyonâs Stagecoach Inn in 1930. Once thought to have been an expansion of the
original Osgoodâs Inn, built in the 1830s, it was later demonstrated to have been entirely
separate and of later construction, possibly around 1850. Though the Stagecoach Inn still
stands on Old Military Road, a fire severely damaged the structureâs interior in 2002.
99. 85
The Albert and Ella (Brewster) Billings residence, built in the 1890s, later
became the Mirror Lake Innâs Colonial House; it was demolished in 2006. Albert
and Ellaâs first home, on Mirror Lakeâs east shore, later became Bonnieblink, the
core of Melvil Deweyâs Lake Placid Club complex. Billings started a Placid Lake
marina that, after his death in 1903, became the famous George & Bliss marina.
100. 86
The National Hotel, built in 1909 by Henry Allen, stood on the east side
of Station Street just north of the railroad depot. It was torn down in 1959.
101. 87
The Northwoods Inn, opened in 1897 by Wes Kennedy. It is not known whether the hotel
was built in that year on the former site of Kennedyâs house, which was built in 1880, or
if the hotel was itself an expansion of the Kennedy home. The Northwoods became an
annex to the Hotel Marcy when the latter opened in 1927. The Northwoods burned on
Dec. 28, 1966. Another building took its place, and the Hotel Marcy took its name.
102. 88
The Forest View House, ca. 1910, built ca. 1895, run by W.H. Bennett.
Located at the foot of Cobble Hill, overlooking the main Lake Placid Club
campus on Mirror Lake, it was bought by the LPC in 1925. It burned in 1944.
107. 93
Almost from its inception, the Lake Placid Club, on Mirror Lake, played a central role in the
creation and development of winter sport in Lake Placid.
108. 94
The very concept of winter sport in North America was created by members of the Lake
Placid Club. In the winter of 1904-05, ten men and women stayed over at the summer resort.
They skied, skated, tobogganed, snowshoed, and otherwise gamboled in the snow, the
womenâs petticoats sweeping the drifts. The experiment was a smashing success!
109. 95
Those 10 hardy pioneers were author Irving Bacheller, his wife Anna Schultz Bacheller,
Mrs. Ackerman, Dr. and Mrs. Edgar VanderVerr of Albany, the latterâs sister Miss Wooster,
Mrs. Ella B. Dana and her son Ted (Edward C.) of Metuchen, New Jersey, Godfrey Dewey,
son of LPC founder Melvil Dewey, and Henry Van Hoevenberg (at the far right above). Itâs
certain that some of those 10 are included in the photo above, but not how many or whom.
110. 96
The next winter, more visitors came than the Club could provide for. After just
two winters, a new, year-round clubhouse had to be built. By 1908, outdoor teas,
camp dinners, climbing, and even all-night camping parties were on the winter
agenda. The photo above was taken during a Club outing in the early 1920s.
111. 97
As early as January 27, 1906, Lake Placid was being actively marketed as a
winter playground resort, as evidenced in this famous publicity photo.
112. 98
The concept of winter sport was quickly picked up in the new village of
Lake Placid, where this toboggan run off Signal Hill onto Mirror Lake
was in operation by 1910, when this and the next two photos were taken.
115. 101
Ice trotting on Mirror Lake was a very popular sport in Lake Placid, actually predating the
LPC outings by more than a decade, though it went out of vogue for a time. This photo, from
1911, marks the brief revival of the sport under the auspices of hotelier John Stevens. With the
onset of U.S. involvement in World War I, ice trotting disappeared here, never to return.
116. 102
At around the same time, ice sailing races were also held on Mirror Lake,
as seen in the photos on this and the following page, both from 1915.
119. 105
The municipal skating rink on Mirror Lake was the center of activity for the
community festival, which ran each February in the early years of the 20th
century.
121. 107
The entire village participated in the festivities. In this photo, the William Lamb house on
Signal Hill is decked out for the first Lake Placid Winter Carnival in February 1914
125. 111
Saranac Lakeâs Lamy brothers â Edmund, Ernest and Claude â were staples
on the Mirror Lake winter sport scene around 1920 with their famous barrel-
jumping act. Jumping the barrels above is Claude Lamy, better known as âBucky.â
127. 113
The Lamy brothers perfected an act on Mirror Lake that they took on the
road in the Roaring Twenties. Above, Ernest Lamy, playing the clown,
âjumpsâ the barrels while brothers Bucky (center) and Ed (far right) look on.
129. 115
Dog sledding was very popular in Lake Placid through the 1930s â so much
so that it became a demonstration sport in the 1932 Olympic Winter Games.
130. 116
Explorer and animal trainer Jacques Suzanne with a team on Placid Lake in the late 1920s
138. 124
Founders of the LPCâs Sno Birds on the Lake Placid Club ice rink, 1921. The
Sno Birds became a major force in organized winter sport competition in the
1920s, contributing directly to Lake Placidâs first successful Olympic bid.
147. 133
Olympic speed
skater Jack Shea
and Lucille
Hickey were
named king and
queen of winter at
the Coronation
Ice Festival in
January 1932, just
one month before
Shea took the
gold in two
Olympic speed
skating events.
148. 134
Big band leader Ozzie Nelson and lead singer Harriet Hillard, later of âOzzie
and Harrietâ TV fame, were Lake Placidâs king and queen of winter in 1935.
150. 136
The Coronation
Ice Shows were
by no means the
only grand
spectacles staged
in the Olympic
Arena. In this
photo, dancers
perform in a
summer ice
operetta featuring
a cast of 133 that
was staged in
August 1935.
151. 137
Plenty of celebrities have come to enjoy Lake Placidâs winter sport
offerings, including Rudy Vallee, seen here in the late 1930s.
154. 140
New York Governor Averil
Harriman. With Art Draper,
former Marble Mountain ski
center chief, Harriman pushed
through a state constitutional
amendment that allowed the
development of a ski center
within the âforever wildâ
Forest Preserve on Whiteface
Mountain.
155. 141
Bob Birk, left, later the athletic director for Lake Placid Central School, with Ron
MacKenzie, the leader of Lake Placidâs longstanding drive to win a bid for a
second Olympic Winter Games. MacKenzie, âthe Patriarch of Winter Sportsâ
died in 1978 while preparations were under way for the XIII Winter Olympiad.
163. 149
In 1884, the area that was to become the famous Olympic Village of Lake Placid was first being
developed from the Adirondack fields and forestland. This photo shows the location that, nearly
half a century later, would be excavated for the 1932 Olympic Arena and Fieldhouse.
164. 150
The tremendous
success of Lake
Placid speed
skater Charlie
Jewtraw,
photographed
here in the early
1920s, was one of
the elements that
contributed to the
villageâs success
in its bid for the
1932 Olympic
Winter Games.
166. 152
The very first event in the very first Olympic Winter Games (held in Chamonix, France, from
January 25 to February 5, 1924) was this 500-meter speed-skating race. Charlie Jewtraw won.
167. 153
Charlie Jewtraw,
right, winner of
the first gold
medal ever
awarded at the
Olympic Winter
Games, shakes
hands with the
Canadian speed
skater who took
the silver.
168. 154
Godfrey Dewey, son
of Lake Placid Club
founder Melvil
Dewey and one of
the 10 Club
members who
pioneered winter
sport at the LPC in
1904-05,
accompanied the
U.S. ski team to the
second Winter
Olympiad in 1928.
The next year,
Dewey sailed alone
for Europe, posing
here on the deck of
the Ile de France
before it set sail.
Dewey met with the
International
Olympic Committee
in Lausanne and
successfully bid for
the 1932 Olympic
Winter Games.
169. 155
In 1931, the town of North Elba began excavating this
site on Main Street for the 1932 Olympic Fieldhouse.
176. 162
Franklin D. Roosevelt, then governor of New York, filled in at the
February 4, 1932 opening ceremonies for President Herbert Hoover.
177. 163
The review stand, set up above the âOlympic Stadiumâ (where the speed skating
oval is now located) on the slope below the Lake Placid High School. At left, in a
ball cap and glasses, is Godfrey Dewey; at center, FDR; between them, Count de
Baillet-Latour, president of the International Olympic Committee.
190. 176
With 1928 bobsled champ Billy Fiske holding the American flag, U.S. Olympian Jack Shea
of Lake Placid takes the Athletesâ Oath on behalf of all competitors in the 1932 games.
196. 182
Officials gather at
the base of the
jump where
Japanese jumper
Yoichi Takata
lies, knocked
unconscious and
suffering a
dislocated
shoulder after
turning over twice
in midair and
landing on his
back during the
Special Jump
event.
206. 192
Hubert and Curtis Stevens, Placid men who won the gold medal in two-man bobsled
207. 193
Billy Fiskeâs four-man U.S. bob team. Fiske, just 20 years old, had already
won Olympic gold on a five-man sled four years earlier in St. Moritz
211. 197
Werner Zahn (in overcoat), captain of the 1931 world-champion
German bobsled team, presenting the Martineau Challenge Cup to Billy
Fiske. On the far left is Paul Stevens of the second-place U.S. bob team.
212. 198
This was an extraordinary gesture of good sportsmanship. Zahn
had lost two experimental sleds in his warm-up heats on the Mount
Van Hoevenberg run, forcing him out of the 1932 Olympics.
215. 201
U.S. Olympic bobsled team No. 2 won the silver medal. Calling themselves the Red Devils of
Saranac Lake, they were Ed Horton, Paul Stevens, Percy Bryant and Henry Homberger.
219. 205
The second heat of the 10,000-meter speed skating race. Though two Norwegians are in the lead
here, it was American Irving Jaffee, closely tailing them, who eventually proved to be the winner.
230. 216
Closeup: At
center is Mary C.
Landon (later
Mary
MacKenzie), who
compiled the
slides contained
in this historic
collection. In
1930, at age 16,
Maryâs first job
after graduating
Lake Placid High
School was to
work as the
assistant to Ernest
Gamache,
executive
secretary of the
local Olympic
organizing
committee.