10. The Philippine Executive
Comission
• new constitution
-noticeably lacked a bill of rights
-contained 12 articles lifted from the 1935
constitution that fitted the wishes of
the Japanese
-was meant to be in effect only temporarily,
while the Philippines still in chaos
12. The Second Republic
•September 20 1943 - the KALIBAPI
held a party convention
-to elect 54 members of the National Assembly
(assembly was actually made of 108 members but half of this
number was composed of incumbent governors and city
mayors)
-President: Jose P. Laurel
-Vice President: Benigno Aquino Sr.
Ramon Anancena
13. The Second Republic
• Inauguration
-October 14 1943
-on the front steps of the legislative building in
Manila
-Philippine flag was hoisted as the national anthem
was played
14. The Second Republic
• Meanwhile…
-Japanese started using propaganda to gain the trust
and confidence of Filipinos who refused to
cooperate with them
-hung giant posters and distribute their materials
that contains such slogans as "the Philippines
belong to the Filipinos."
-also used newspapers, movies, and others to
publicize the same idea
Promoting Japanese propaganda was one of the main objectives of
the KALIBAPI, but still Japanese failed to gain the trust of the
Filipinos.
22. Gen. MacArthur Returns
• Oct. 23 - 26, 1944
-Americans engaged Japanese forces in the
Battle of Leyte Gulf
-almost destroyed the entire Japanese fleet
-said to have signaled the beginning of
Philippine liberation from the Japanese
23. Gen. MacArthur Returns
•mid-December
-American soldiers had reached Mindoro
-Japanese secured other area
•January 9, 1945
- US liberation forces successfully docked at
Lingayen Gulf
- Lt. Gen.Tomoyuki Yamashita, supreme
commander of the Japanese troops in Manila,
mobilize his kamikazes but they failed to stop
Americans
24. Gen. MacArthur Returns
• December 8, 1944
•President Laurel and his cabinet moved to
Baguio upon orders of Yamashita
•Japanese forces retreated to Yamashita line
a jungle battlefront stretching along the
Sierra Madre Mountains from Antipolo,
Rizal to Appari Cagayan.
25. Gen. MacArthur Returns
• it took 3 weeks of intense fighting before
Japanese finally surrendered on February
23,1945
• Gen. MacArthur continued to liberate
other parts of the country
• proclaim general freedom from the
Japanese on July 4, 1945.
26. Economic condition under Japan
The Japanese controlled the prices of
commodities including the distribution of
rice and other cereals as well as the
manufacturing of tobacco.
