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Mobile Technologies
What’s next ?
By Karim Magdy @KarimMagddi

Development Approaches.
Single Platform (Native Approach) Cross-Platform : Hybrid Approach
Cross-Platform : Native Approach

1Mobile Development Approaches.
● Single Platform
● Multi-Platform
● Google Flutter SDK.

Single Platform : OEM SDK, How it works ?
Pros: Fast, responsive, continuous support and wide variety of features in SDKs
Cons: When a product is present on more than one platform, maintaining two different codebase, respective developers and synchronising
features across applications becomes a bottleneck in most setups.

Multiplatform

Cross Platform : Hybrid Approach
Pros: Continuous integration like a web application where any changes to the
application can be deployed as and when required. The same application can be used
on web platform.
Cons: It uses native browser which is relatively slower and results in bad user experience due to
the bottlenecks it comes with. It’s also uses a BRIDGE to interact with native services that is even
slower.

Cross Platform : Native Approach

Cross-Platform - Google Flutter
2Flutter

Flutter Approach
Pros: Speed, performance, flexibility, native look and feel, rapid development.
Cons: Its relatively new in comparison to other options in the list. The apk/ipa size is relatively large as it is shipped with the native code, the render engine and platform channel which is a
problem for all cross-platform application approach.
Alpha launched : 2015
Beta released : 2018

What is Flutter ?
Flutter is the next Step in App Development.
● Speed and Performance
○ Fast, Smooth Performance.
● Flexibility
○ Brand first design.
● Native Look and Feel.
○ Familirty, ease of use.
● Rapid Development
○ Easy to learn.

What makes flutter Unique ?
● Compile native code. (ARM binary code).
● No Reliance on OEM Widgets.
● No Bridge needed.
● Only One Language (Dart), No Markup Language.

Html and CSS in Flutter

Expressive and flexible UI

Great Looking and Fast Apps.

Everything is Widget

No Global Layouts

Hot Reload

Access native features and SDKs
Future<void> getBatteryLevel() async {
var batteryLevel = 'unknown';
try {
int result = await
methodChannel.invokeMethod('getBatteryLevel');
batteryLevel = 'Battery level: $result%';
} on PlatformException {
batteryLevel = 'Failed to get battery level.';
}
setState(() {
_batteryLevel = batteryLevel;
});
}

The same app UI on older devices
Your new app will look the same, even on old
versions of Android and iOS systems.
There are no additional costs for supporting
older devices. Flutter runs on Android Jelly
Bean or newer, as well as iOS 8 or newer.

Designs which your users will love
Flutter is designed to make it easy to create your own widgets or customize the
existing widgets.
Here. you can browse a catalog of Flutter’s widgets and view, for example, Material
Design widgets and Cupertino widgets.

Perfect for MVP

DevOps Support
● There is a new CI/CD system for Flutter applications
called Codemagic that was announced at Flutter Live
2018.
● In January 2019, Bitrise announced the full-featured
Flutter CI.

Flutter Architecture
Customise everything in Green

One code for 2 platforms
Developers write just one codebase for your 2 apps – covering both Android and
iOS platforms.
Flutter doesn’t depend on the platform, because it has its own widgets and
designs. This means that you have the same app on two platforms.
Yet what’s important is that, if you want to differentiate your apps – it’s possible.

Google : Dart
3Dart

Dart : Started in 2011,
● Open Source.
● Multi-Platform (Web, Mobile, Desktop, Embedded, Server Side).
● Support Interfaces, Strong typing (Dart 2)
● Batteries included
● Package Manager.
● Compile To Javascript.

Why Flutter Uses Dart
● Dart is AOT (Ahead Of Time).
● Dart can also be JIT (Just In Time)
compiled.
● Standalone VM.
● Create smooth animations and
transitions.
● Object allocation and garbage collection
without locks.
● Dart avoids preemptive scheduling and
shared memory.
● Start up much faster.
● Avoid Separate declarative layout
language like JSX or XML or Builder.
● Dart is particularly easy to learn
The Combination of them hits a sweet spot that makes Dart uniquely powerful for implementing Flutter

Compilation and execution
● Dart is one of very few languages (and perhaps the only
“mainstream” language) that is well suited to being compiled both
AOT and JIT.
● Supporting both kinds of compilation provides significant
advantages to Dart and (especially) Flutter.
● JIT compilation is used during development,
● Then, when an app is ready for release, it is compiled AOT.

Avoiding jank
A Fast app is great, but a smooth app
is even better.
Even a super fast animation will look
bad if it is jerky. However, preventing
jank can be difficult because there are
so many different causes.
Dart has a number of features to avoid
many of the common things that cause
jank.

AOT compilation and the “bridge
No Bridge

Preemptive scheduling, time slicing, and shared resources
Dart took a different approach to this problem.
Threads in Dart, calledisolates, do not share memory, which avoids the
need for most locks.
Isolates communicate by passing messages over channels, which is
similar to actors in Erlang or web workers in JavaScript.

Unified layout
Another benefit of Dart is that Flutter doesn’t split layout between your
program and an additional templating or layout language like JSX or
XML, nor does it require separate visual layout tools. Here’s a simple
Flutter view, written in Dart:
new Center(child:
new Column(children: [
new Text('Hello, World!'),
new Icon(Icons.star, color: Colors.green),
])
)

Is Dart a proprietary language?
No, Dart (like Flutter) is completely open source with a clean
license, and is also an ECMA standard. Dart is popular inside
and outside of Google.
Inside Google it is one of the fastest growing languages and is
used by Adwords, Flutter, Fuchsia and others; outside, the Dart
repository has more than 100 external committers.

Will Dart programmers be easy to find?
Programmers who already know languages like Java, JavaScript, Kotlin,
C#, or Swift can start programming in Dart almost immediately
On top of that, hot reload encourages users to play with Dart and try
new things
Why Flutter Will Take Off in 2018
The hard part about learning a new system is typically not learning the
language, it is learning all the libraries, frameworks, tools, patterns, and
best practices for writing good code
As direct evidence, a large project inside of Google wanted to port their mobile app to iOS. They were about
to hire some iOS programmers but instead decided to try Flutter. They monitored how long it took to get
developers up to speed on Flutter. Their results showed that a programmer could learn Dart and Flutter and
become productive in three weeks

Dart 2 : New
● A sound type system
● Type inferencing
● new keyword optional.
Focused on improving the experience of building client apps, including developer velocity, improved developer
tooling, and type safety for example:
The secret is focus

Why Dart?
Productive
● Syntax is clear and concise
● Dart has battle-hardened.
Fast
Optimizing ahead-of-time
compilation.
Portable
● Compiles to ARM and x86
● transpiled to JavaScript
Create high-quality, mission-critical apps for iOS, Android, and the web. With features aimed at client-side development, Dart
is a great fit for both mobile and web apps.
Approachable
● C++, C#, or Java
● Learn in few days.
Reactive
● Reactive programming.
● Fast object allocation
● Asynchronous prmg.
Platforms
● Mobile Apps.
● Web App.
● Server Side App

Who use Dart ?
Google Fuchsia.
AdSense performance reports
Mandrill
Adobe
Google internal sales tool
WebStorm
Ascentis
https://www.dartlang.org/community/who-uses-dart
Blossom

Google Fuchsia
Fuchsia is a capability-based, real time OS aka (RTOS).
By Google In Progress.

Why Flutter ?
1. Faster code writing
2. One code for 2 platforms
3. Less testing
4. Faster apps
5. Designs which your users will love
6. The same app UI on older devices
7. Perfect for MVP.

Does Flutter have any cons? 3 risks for mobile App Owners
1. Flutter is still in beta : No already released.
a. Flutter is no longer in beta
2. Libraries & support – impressive, but still not so rich as for the native
development.
a. Here you can find Flutter Packages – a list of features
3. Continuous Integration support
a. Flutter applications called Codemagic that was announced at
Flutter Live 2018.

Is Flutter a good idea for every kind of mobile app?
There are a few cases when you should not consider if Flutter is the proper
solution:
1. Progressive Web Apps & Instant Apps.
2. Apps which communicate with any hardware via Bluetooth.
3. Apps demanding rare, little-known native libraries.

Learning Curve
● Setup is Very Easy.
● Editors
○ IntelliJ, Android Studio, VC Code.
● Start by Learning Dart : few days.
● Flutter Architecture.
● Design Patterns ( Block, Redex, etc ).
● Flutter & Firebase.
● Flutter Packages.
No Limitation with Flutter

Useful links about Flutter
Articles
● Official Flutter website
● Dart language
● Announcing Flutter 1.0 (Flutter Live, Keynote Part 1)
● Material Components Widgets
● Cupertino (iOS-style) Widgets
● Flutter Gallery
● Flutter Packages
● Flutter issues requested on GitHub
● Build step on Bitrise.

Wrap up & our recommendation
In our opinion, Flutter has many more advantages for business and development teams than risks.
It’s a great chance to build beautiful, high-performance and outstanding mobile apps which fit your custom
needs and requirements.
It’s worth considering Flutter, especially if you want an app both for iOS and Android.

What’s Next
● Development Approaches.
○ Flutter
● Code Architecture & Design Patterns.
● Art of Testing.
● DevOps.
● Release Management.
● Mobile First - Cloud First.
● Rest Apis.
● Team KPIs.

Thank You
No Limitations with Flutter
/flutteruae /flutteruae /flutteruae