Arduino、Web 到 IoT

1. Arduino、Web 到 IoT 林信良 caterpillar@openhome.cc http://openhome.cc 1

2. 內容 • IoT 與 Arduino • Arduino 與 Web 伺服器 • 硬體上的網路支援 • 雲端 IoT 服務 2

3. IoT 與 Arduino • IoT • Internet of Things • 物聯網程式硬體資料網路 3

4. 硬體裝置通訊協定資料倉儲商務邏輯 IoT 組成 4

5. 硬體裝置資料的收集、產生 5

7. 通訊協定 http://electronicdesign.com/iot/understanding-protocols-behind-internet-things7

8. 資料倉儲資料儲存、分析工具與系統 8

10. 商務邏輯 Domain knowledge？ 10

11. Arduino 最初是針對不會寫程式，也不懂電子學，沒有任何技術背景的學生而設計，他們是義大利北部伊夫雷亞（Ivrea）互動設計學院（Interaction Design Institute Ivrea）的學生，身為Arduino計劃共同開發者之一的Massimo Banzi，曾在〈超越兆赫的人們〉中提到「我們給了這些學生2到4星期的時間，讓他們製作物理運算的物品，當時，市售的工具幾乎都是以工程師為對象，所以不管是配件或是跳線、接頭的數量都很多。這對學生來說，似乎太過複雜，使得學生不知道該如何處置。」為了解決這些問題，於2005年誕生的就是Arduino！ 11

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13. CO2 感應模組 LCD 顯示模組原型擴充板 Arduino 溫濕度感應模組 13

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15. https://www.arduino.cc/ 15

16. http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products 16

17. Arduino 與 Web 伺服器從 S4A 開始 17

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19. Web 伺服器 19

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21. Firmware USB 21

22. Firmware USB 瀏覽器代理程式 22

23. 瀏覽器網路 23

24. node-webduino https://github.com/coopermaa/node-webduino HTML、JavaScript、CSS 24

25. 〈Interfacing with Other Software〉 25

26. Arduino and Python >>> import serial >>> ser = serial.Serial('/dev/tty.usbserial', 9600) >>> while True: ... print ser.readline() '1 Hello world!rn' '2 Hello world!rn' '3 Hello world!rn' >>> import serial # if you have not already done so >>> ser = serial.Serial('/dev/tty.usbserial', 9600) >>> ser.write('5') http://playground.arduino.cc/interfacing/python 26

27. http://playground.arduino.cc/Interfacing/SerialNet 27

28. 硬體上的網路支援 28

29. Arduino Ethernet Shield https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoEthernetShield 29

30. Arduino WiFi Shield Arduino WiFi Shield 101 30

31. 有批 Wifi 晶片好便宜，有需要就打這個電話吧 31

32. Arduino Yún 32

33. MAC 位址無線基地台模式 arduino http://www.codedata.com.tw/social-coding/arduino-yun-1-sketch-python-led 33

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35. arduino.local （必須支援 Bonjour 服務） 35

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37. 無線網卡模式 37

38. 無線上傳 Sketch 38

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40. void setup() { pinMode(13, OUTPUT); } void loop() { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); delay(1000); digitalWrite(13, LOW); delay(1000); } 40

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42. #include <Bridge.h> char state[2]; void setup() { pinMode(13, OUTPUT); Bridge.begin(); } void loop() { Bridge.get("state", state, 2); digitalWrite(13, atoi(state)); delay(500); } 42

43. Python 點亮光明燈 43

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45. import sys sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/lib/python2.7/bridge/') from bridgeclient import BridgeClient state = sys.argv[1] BridgeClient().put('state', state) root@arduino:~# python lightUpL13.py 1 root@arduino:~# python lightUpL13.py 0 45

46. 透過瀏覽器點光明燈 http://www.codedata.com.tw/social-coding/arduino-yun-2- simplehttpserver-yunserver-yunclient/ 46

47. import sys import SimpleHTTPServer import SocketServer sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/lib/python2.7/bridge/') from bridgeclient import BridgeClient class LedRequestHandler(SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler): def do_GET(self): if self.path == '/ledOn': BridgeClient().put('state', '1') elif self.path == '/ledOff': BridgeClient().put('state', '0') self.path = '/led.html' return SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.do_GET(self) server = SocketServer.TCPServer(('0.0.0.0', 8000), LedRequestHandler) server.serve_forever() 47

48. led.html <html> <head> <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="content- type"> <title></title> </head> <body> <p><a href="ledOn">On</a> <a href="ledOff">Off</a></p> </body> </html> 48

49. YunServer 與 YunClient #include <Bridge.h> #include <YunServer.h> #include <YunClient.h> YunServer server; void setup() { pinMode(13,OUTPUT); digitalWrite(13, HIGH); Bridge.begin(); server.listenOnLocalhost(); server.begin(); digitalWrite(13, LOW); } 49

50. void loop() { YunClient client = server.accept(); if(client) { process(client); client.stop(); } delay(500); } void process(YunClient client) { String command = client.readStringUntil('r'); if (command == "ledOn") { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); } else if (command == "ledOff") { digitalWrite(13, LOW); } } 50

51. 網路小車 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5cRFU_9a-0 https://gist.github.com/JustinSDK/0c1deeec201afb50a6ab https://gist.github.com/JustinSDK/70c1152fe0d4d593e23a 51

52. 雲端 IoT 服務 52

53. Thingspeak http://community.thingspeak.com/tutorials/arduino/controlling-the- arduino-yun-with-talkback/ 53

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56. #include "Bridge.h" #include "HttpClient.h" //ThingSpeak Settings String thingSpeakAPI = "api.thingspeak.com"; String talkBackAPIKey = "IIR7WFDPFM7DSHP9"; String talkBackID = "5129"; const int checkTalkBackInterval = 15 * 1000; // Variable Setup long lastConnectionTime = 0; void setup() { // Setup On-board LED pinMode(13, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(13, LOW); delay(1000); digitalWrite(13, HIGH); delay(1000); digitalWrite(13, LOW); Bridge.begin(); } void loop() { checkTalkBack(); delay(checkTalkBackInterval); } 56

57. void checkTalkBack() { HttpClient client; String talkBackCommand; char charIn; String talkBackURL = "http://" + thingSpeakAPI + "/talkbacks/" + talkBackID + "/commands/execute?api_key=" + talkBackAPIKey; client.get(talkBackURL); while (client.available()) { charIn = client.read(); talkBackCommand += charIn; } if (talkBackCommand == “TURN_ON”) { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); } else if (talkBackCommand == “TURN_OFF”) { digitalWrite(13, LOW); } delay(1000); } 57

58. Temboo 58

59. https://temboo.com/arduino/yun/getting-started 59

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62. /* IMPORTANT NOTE about TembooAccount.h TembooAccount.h contains your Temboo account information and must be included alongside your sketch. To do so, make a new tab in Arduino, call it TembooAccount.h, and copy this content into it. */ #define TEMBOO_ACCOUNT "caterpillar" // Your Temboo account name #define TEMBOO_APP_KEY_NAME "myFirstApp" // Your Temboo app key name #define TEMBOO_APP_KEY "e2f55cf1c2524ae59e70a89d3f96f831" // Your Temboo app key /* The same TembooAccount.h file settings can be used for all Temboo SDK sketches. Keeping your account information in a separate file means you can share the main .ino file without worrying that you forgot to delete your credentials. */ TembooAccount.h 62

63. #include <Bridge.h> #include <Temboo.h> #include "TembooAccount.h" // contains Temboo account information, as described below int numRuns = 1; // Execution count, so this doesn't run forever int maxRuns = 10; // Maximum number of times the Choreo should be executed void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // For debugging, wait until the serial console is connected delay(4000); while(!Serial); Bridge.begin(); } void loop() { if (numRuns <= maxRuns) { Serial.println("Running GetWeatherByAddress - Run #" + String(numRuns++)); TembooChoreo GetWeatherByAddressChoreo; // Invoke the Temboo client GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.begin(); // Set Temboo account credentials GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.setAccountName(TEMBOO_ACCOUNT); GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.setAppKeyName(TEMBOO_APP_KEY_NAME); GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.setAppKey(TEMBOO_APP_KEY); // Set Choreo inputs GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.addInput("Address", "Taipei"); // Identify the Choreo to run GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.setChoreo("/Library/Yahoo/Weather/GetWeatherByAddress"); // Run the Choreo; when results are available, print them to serial GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.run(); while(GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.available()) { char c = GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.read(); Serial.print(c); } GetWeatherByAddressChoreo.close(); } Serial.println("Waiting..."); delay(30000); // wait 30 seconds between GetWeatherByAddress calls } 透過 USB 連接 TembooAccount.ino 63

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65. Parse for IoT 65

66. https://www.parse.com/apps/quickstart#embedded/arduinoyun 66

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68. 草稿碼 → Include Library… → Manage Libraries… parse 安裝 Parse Arduino SDK 68

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71. #include <Bridge.h> String revision = "1.0.2-1_ar71xx"; String location = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ParsePlatform/parse-embedded- sdks/1.0.2/yun/linux_package/"; void downloadPackage(String file) { Serial.println("Download: " + location + file + revision + ".ipk"); Process p; p.begin("curl"); p.addParameter("--stderr"); p.addParameter("-"); p.addParameter("-#"); p.addParameter("-s"); p.addParameter("-S"); p.addParameter("-k"); p.addParameter("-o"); p.addParameter("/tmp/" + file + revision + ".ipk"); p.addParameter(location + file + revision + ".ipk"); p.run(); while (p.available()) { Serial.print((char)p.read()); } } 71

72. void installPackage(String file) { Serial.println("Install: /tmp/" + file + revision + ".ipk"); Process p; p.begin("opkg"); p.addParameter("install"); p.addParameter("--force-reinstall"); p.addParameter("--force-downgrade"); p.addParameter("/tmp/" + file + revision + ".ipk"); p.run(); while(p.available()) { Serial.print((char)p.read()); } } void setup() { Bridge.begin(); Serial.begin(115200); while(!Serial); Serial.println("Downloading packages"); downloadPackage("parse-embedded_"); downloadPackage("parse-embedded-yun_"); Serial.println("Installing packages"); installPackage("parse-embedded_"); installPackage("parse-embedded-yun_"); Serial.println("nDone."); } 72

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74. 儲存物件 #include <Bridge.h> #include <Parse.h> void setup() { // Initialize digital pin 13 as an output. pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // Initialize Bridge Bridge.begin(); // Initialize Serial Serial.begin(9600); while (!Serial); // wait for a serial connection Serial.println("Parse Starter Project"); // Initialize Parse Parse.begin("dOpHkBs6A2XOToydYC7r7r1BmFxCgd6nU7JQ85Fw", "BGyFLJuHJvje0LB6Ms9ZN30Mh1DfoKE43V3bq3FN"); 74

75. ParseObjectCreate create; create.setClassName("TestObject"); create.add("foo", "bar"); ParseResponse response = create.send(); Serial.println("nResponse for saving a TestObject:"); Serial.print(response.getJSONBody()); if (!response.getErrorCode()) { String objectId = response.getString("objectId"); Serial.print("Test object id:"); Serial.println(objectId); } else { Serial.println("Failed to save the object"); } response.close(); // Do not forget to free the resource } 75

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77. Push 通知 #include <Bridge.h> #include <Parse.h> void setup() { pinMode(13, OUTPUT); Bridge.begin(); Serial.begin(9600); while (!Serial); Serial.println("Parse Starter Project"); Parse.begin("dOpHkBs6A2XOToydYC7r7r1BmFxCgd6nU7JQ85Fw", "BGyFLJuHJvje0LB6Ms9ZN30Mh1DfoKE43V3bq3FN"); // Start push service Parse.startPushService(); Serial.print("Push Installation ID:"); Serial.println(Parse.getInstallationId()); } 77

78. void loop() { // Check if there is a new push // A push with message {"alert":"A test push from Parse!"} // will turn on LED for 3 seconds if (Parse.pushAvailable()) { ParsePush push = Parse.nextPush(); String message = push.getJSONBody(); Serial.print("New push message size: "); Serial.println(message.length()); Serial.print("New push message content: "); Serial.println(message); String command = push.getString("alert"); if (command == "A test push from Parse!") { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // turn on LED delay(3000); // wait 3 seconds digitalWrite(13, LOW); // turn off LED } // NOTE: ensure to close current push message // otherwise next push won't be available push.close(); } } 78

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81. 參考 • IoT 和 Big Data 商機的迷思 • Arduino、Web 到 IoT 81

82. Orz 林信良 caterpillar@openhome.cc http://openhome.cc 82

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