1.
July 2016
How Our Cities
Can Plan for
Driverless Cars

2.
THEY’RE COMING…
The state of autonomous vehicle technology seems likely to
advance with or without legislative and agency actions at the
federal level. However, the manner in which autonomous
vehicle technologies progress and will eventually be
implemented depends heavily on these efforts. Intelligent
planning, meaningful vision, and regulatory action and reform
are required.
- “Preparing a Nation for Autonomous Vehicles:
Opportunities, Barriers, and Policy Recommendations,”
Eno Center for Transportation

3.
 Driverless vehicles 101
 Our Driverless Future
 Current Status of Government with
Driverless Vehicles
 Proposed Actions for State and Local
Governments Regarding Driverless
Vehicles
DISCUSSION TOPICS

4.
Driverless Vehicles 101

5.
DRIVERLESS VEHICLES DEFINITION
NHTSA defines “Full Self-Driving Automation” as:
“designed to perform all safety-critical driving functions and monitor roadway conditions for an entire trip.
Such a design anticipates that the driver will provide destination or navigation input, but is not expected to be
available for control at any time during the trip.”
Source: http://www.internationaltransportforum.org/Pub/pdf/15CPB_AutonomousDriving.pdf

6.
NHTSA’S DEFINITION OF VEHICLE AUTOMATION

7.
DEFINITIONS: DRIVERLESS VS CONNECTED VEHICLES
Driverless
Vehicles
Connected
Vehicles
(CV)
Automated Vehicles
Best of Both
Worlds!

8.
Positives Negatives
 Safety improvements
 Improved mobility for youth,
elderly, and disabled
 Improved traffic circulation
 Reduced need for parking
 Improved travel time reliability
 Reduced GHG emissions
 Reduced need for private car
ownership and private auto
insurance
 Increased “VMT”
 Insurance policy disruption
 Increased urban sprawl
 Job loss
POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DRIVERLESS CARS ON
SOCIETY

9.
DRIVERLESS VEHICLES ADOPTION TIMELINE

10.
 Technology development
continues to be the main
focus; however, other
considerations are being
researched as well
 Governments around the
world are developing
partnerships and conducting
research to determine how
they should regulate the
industry in order to ensure
public safety
DRIVERLESS VEHICLES TODAY
Industry
Standards
Text here
Society
Integration
Human
Factors
Technology
Privacy & Security
Infrastructure
Requirements
Insurance

11.
Our Driverless Future

12.
SCENARIO 1

13.
SCENARIO 2

14.
POTENTIAL FUTURE SCENARIOS
Level of Vehicle and Ride Sharing
Scenario 1:
Driverless Nightmare
Scenario 2:
Driverless Utopia
0% of Society 100% of Society

15.
CHANGES FROM TODAY’S SOCIETY
Driverless Nightmare Driverless Utopia
Safety
VMT
GHG Emissions
Urban Sprawl
Parking Req’ts No Change
Roadway
Maintenance Req’ts
Low Income Mobility

16.
Proposed Actions For
State And Local
Governments
Regarding Driverless
Vehicles

17.
PROPOSED GOVERNMENT ROLE IN DRIVERLESS
VEHICLES
Update, Establish and Enforce
Policies and Regulations
Safety
Privacy/Data Sharing
Cyber Security
Establish and Enforce Standards
Manufacturing
Vehicle Design
Infrastructure
Data/Communications
Federal Role State and Local Role

18.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
Stay educated on
driverless vehicles
progress
Incorporate driverless
vehicles into city goals
Establish
communications
and/or coalition with
driverless technology
stakeholders
Support testing
activities
Establish policies and
plans with
consideration for the
future
Encourage open data
sharing
What can be done now?

19.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
What can be done in the medium (1-2 years) to long-term (3-5 years)?
Planning
Update travel demand model
Evaluate road capacity needs
Assess transit requirements
Forecast financial implications
Infrastructure Modifications
Update traffic signs and markings
Reduce lane width
Alter speed limits
Adjust traffic signal locations and timing
Eliminate/reduce parking and add more “drop-
off/pick-up” locations
Add electric vehicle charging infrastructure
Develop new predictive models for pavement
maintenance
Certify roads for driverless and/or manual
usage
Miscellaneous
Update enforcement function within the
government
Update incident management function within
the government
Incorporate driverless vehicle technology into
government services
Update government workforce to match needs

20.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
What policy changes can be made by local governments to influence potential AV
impacts in our cities?
Update roadway
policies and
infrastructure to
manage the VMT
impact
Adjust land use policies
to reduce urban sprawl
Adjust the tax/fee
structure to dis-
incentivize car
ownership and/or
parking
Alter parking policies to
reduce the need for
private parking
Change transit pricing

21.
CONTACT LAUREN
• Email: isaac@pbworld.com
• Phone: 415-815-8200
• Guide: http://www.wsp-pb.com/en/WSP-USA/What-we-do-USA/Services/All-
Services-A-Z/Driverless-Vehicles/
• Blog: www.drivingtowardsdriverless.com
• Twitter: @DriverlessLau
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