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Introduction
Master Class 9
Open Source Technologies
Josep Bardallo

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Open Source Definition

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Open Source Software Definition
1. Free Redistribution
2. Source Code
3. Derived Work
4. Integrity of the Author’s Source Code
5. No discrimination Against Persons or Groups
6. No discrimination Aganinst Fields of Endeavor
7. Distribution of License
8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product
9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software
10. Licenses Must Be Technology-Neutral
http://opensource.org/docs/osd

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Open Source Software Definition
1. FREE REDISTRIBUTION
The license shall not restrict any party from selling or giving away the
software as a component of an aggregate software distribution
containing programs from several different sources. The license shall
not require a royalty or other fee for such sale.

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2. SOURCE CODE
The program must include source code, and must allow distribution in
source code as well as compiled form. Where some form of a product is
not distributed with source code, there must be a well-publicized
means of obtaining the source code for no more than a reasonable
reproduction cost preferably, downloading via the Internet without
charge. The source code must be the preferred form in which a
programmer would modify the program. Deliberately obfuscated source
code is not allowed. Intermediate forms such as the output of a
preprocessor or translator are not allowed.
Open Source Software Definition

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3. DERIVED WORKS
The license must allow modifications and derived works, and must
allow them to be distributed under the same terms as the license of
the original software.
Open Source Software Definition

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4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code
The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in modified
form only if the license allows the distribution of "patch files" with the
source code for the purpose of modifying the program at build time.
The license must explicitly permit distribution of software built from
modified source code. The license may require derived works to carry a
different name or version number from the original software.
Open Source Software Definition

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5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups
The license must not discriminate against any person or group of
persons
Open Source Software Definition

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6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor
The license must not restrict anyone from making use of the program
in a specific field of endeavor. For example, it may not restrict the
program from being used in a business, or from being used for genetic
research.
Open Source Software Definition

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7. Distribution of License
The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the
program is redistributed without the need for execution of an additional
license by those parties.
Open Source Software Definition

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8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product
The rights attached to the program must not depend on the program's
being part of a particular software distribution. If the program is
extracted from that distribution and used or distributed within the
terms of the program's license, all parties to whom the program is
redistributed should have the same rights as those that are granted in
conjunction with the original software distribution.
Open Source Software Definition

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9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software
The license must not place restrictions on other software that is
distributed along with the licensed software. For example, the license
must not insist that all other programs distributed on the same
medium must be open-source software.
Open Source Software Definition

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10. License Must Be Technology-Neutral
No provision of the license may be predicated on any individual
technology or style of interface.
Open Source Software Definition

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License type

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Operating Systems & programming languages

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Application Software

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Open Source Serve Software

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Open Source Cloud Software
The Xen Cloud Platform (or XCP) is a turnkey open source
virtualization solution that provides out-of-the box virtualization and
cloud computing. XCP includes the Xen Hypervisor, the enterprise
ready Xen API toolstack and integrations for cloud, storage and
networking solutions. Additional functionality that is available in XCP
includes:
• VM lifecycle: live snapshots, checkpoint, migration
• Resource pools: flexible storage and networking
• Event tracking: progress, notification
• Upgrade and patching capabilities
• Real-time performance monitoring and alerting
• Built-in support and templates for Windows and Linux guests
• Open vSwitch support built-in
• Storage XenMotion® live Migration (cross-pool migration, VDI migration)

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Open Source Cloud Software
Nimbus is an open source project focused on cloud computing, it is
built around three goals targeting three different communities:
•Enable resource owners to provide their resources as an infrastructure
cloud
•Enable cloud users to access infrastructure cloud resources more
easily
•Enable scientists and developers to extend and experiment with both
sets of capabilities.
The first goal is realized by the Nimbus Infrastructure (the Workspace
Service and Cumulus components providing a compute and storage
cloud, respectively), the second by the Nimbus Platform (e.g., the
Context Broker and cloudinit.d tools), and the third by strongly
supporting open source development practices via modular, extensible
code and engagement with open source developers.

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Open Source Cloud Software
OpenNebula.org is an open-source project developing the industry
standard solution for building and managing virtualized enterprise data
centers and IaaS clouds.

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Open Source Cloud Software
Eucalyptus allows you to build production-ready, AWS-compatible
private and hybrid clouds by leveraging your existing virtualized
infrastructure to create on-demand cloud resource pools. These highly
elastic pools can be dynamically scaled up or down as your application
workloads change.

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Open Source Cloud Software
CloudStack is open source cloud computing software for creating,
managing, and deploying infrastructure cloud services. It uses existing
hypervisors such as Oracle VM, KVM, vSphere, and XenServer for
virtualization. In addition to its own API, CloudStack is also
implementing the Amazon EC2 and S3 APIs, as well as the vCloud API
CloudStack was originally developed by Cloud.com, formerly known as VMOps. In May 2010, Cloud.com
released most of CloudStack as free software under the GNU General Public License, version 3 (GPLv3).
They kept about 5% proprietary.[6] Cloud.com and Citrix both supported OpenStack, another Apache-
licensed cloud computing program, at its announcement in July 2010.
Citrix purchased Cloud.com on July 12, 2011, for approximately $200 million. In August 2011, Citrix
released the remaining code under GPLv3 and continued moving towards more open processes. In
February 2012, Citrix released CloudStack 3.0. Among other features, this added support for Swift,
OpenStack's S3-like object storage solution. In April 2012, Citrix donated CloudStack to the Apache
Software Foundation, where it was accepted into the Apache Incubator; Citrix changed the license to the
Apache License version 2. As part of this change, Citrix also ceased their involvement in OpenStack.

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Open Source Cloud Software
OpenStack is a global collaboration of developers and cloud
computing technologists producing the ubiquitous open source cloud
computing platform for public and private clouds. The project aims to
deliver solutions for all types of clouds by being simple to implement,
massively scalable, and feature rich. The technology consists of a
series of interrelated projects delivering various components for a
cloud infrastructure solution.
Founded by Rackspace Hosting and NASA, OpenStack has grown to be
a global software community of developers collaborating on a standard
and massively scalable open source cloud operating system.

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Some numbers

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Open Source software in the future

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Bibliography
 http://opensource.org/
 http://www.xen.org/products/cloudxen.html
 http://www.nimbusproject.org/
 http://www.opennebula.org/
 http://www.eucalyptus.com
 http://incubator.apache.org/cloudstack/
 http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_free_software_licences
 http://opensource.org/licenses/category
 http://www.fsf.org/
 http://www.openstack.org/