Bodies and Buildings NYU ITP 11.10.2014

1. BODIES & BUILDINGS NYU ITP LECTURE COURSE FALL 2014 NOVEMBER 11, 2015 JEN VAN DER MEER @JENVANDERMEER WWW.JENVANDERMEER.COM

2. This course has really just been a survey of my favorite heroes that changed paradigms: November 30, 2014 2 SECRET As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more. Donella Meadows Rachel Carson Jane Jacobs

3. ASSIGNMENT What part of the system of how we make and maintain our buildings, interests you the most? What are the anomalies and failures that irk you? What possibilities do you see? November 30, 2014 3

4. READING Pick any one of the “Facsicles” from ArtFarm on architecture theory: http://www.archfarm.org/en/ November 30, 2014 4

5. EXTRA CREDIT November 30, 2014 5

6. PLACES TO INTERVENE IN A SYSTEM: 12. Constants, parameters, numbers (subsidies, taxes, standards) 11. The sizes of buffers and other stabilizing stocks, relative to their flows 10. The structure of material stocks and flows (transport networks, population age structures) 9. Length of delays, relative to the rate of system change 8. The strength of negative feedback loops, relative to the impacts they are trying to correct against 7. The gain around driving positive feedback loops 6. The structure of information flows (who does and does not have access to what kinds of information) 5. The rules of the system (such as incentives, punishments, constraints) 4. The power to add, change, evolve, or self-organize system structure 3. The goals of the system 2. The mindset or paradigm out of which the system – its goals, power structure, rules, its culture-arises 1. The power to transcend paradigms 6 November 30, 2014

7. 1. The power to transcend paradigms Keep oneself unattached in the arena of paradigms. -D. Meadows. 7 November 30, 2014

8. No paradigm is “true” Every one, including the one that sweetly shapes your worldview, is a tremendously limited understanding of an immense and amazing universe that is far beyond human comprehension. It is to “get” at a gut level the paradigm that there are paradigms, and to see that that itself is a paradigm, and to regard that whole realization as devastatingly funny. 8 November 30, 2014

9. The basis for radical empowerment If no paradigm is right, you can choose whatever one will help you to achieve your purpose, you can listen to the universe and do his, her, its will, which is probably a lot better informed than your will. 9 November 30, 2014

10. SMART CITY NOT SO SMART CITY 10

11. November 30, 2014 11 THE TOO SMART CITY? As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more.

12. November 30, 2014 12 THE TOO SMART CITY? As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more. Critics see a massive shift in urban priorities conducted largely out of the public eye. Many of them compare the networks being built today to the way cities were redesigned for car travel in the first half of the 20th century: As dirt roads were paved, then widened, then run through neighborhoods, and raised into overpasses, they remapped cities completely, for better and worse.

13. November 30, 2014 13 MASDAR CITY, NEAR ABU DHABI http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/09/26/arts/design/26ma sdar-graphic.html?ref=design&_r=0

14. November 30, 2014 14 PLANIT VALLEY PORTUGAL

15. November 30, 2014 15 SONGDO, SOUTH KOREA

16. November 30, 2014 16 AGAINST THE SMART CITY By building their cities up from nothing, on sites as close to the bare Cartesian plane as can practically be achieved, developers forge from the earth a liminal setting that the philosopher Gilles Deleuze characterized as “any-space”whatever” -Adam Greenfield

17. November 30, 2014 17 THE TOO SMART CITY? As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more. Critics see a massive shift in urban priorities conducted largely out of the public eye. Many of them compare the networks being built today to the way cities were redesigned for car travel in the first half of the 20th century: As dirt roads were paved, then widened, then run through neighborhoods, and raised into overpasses, they remapped cities completely, for better and worse.

18. November 30, 2014 18 SMART CITY LAYER CAKE As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more. Critics see a massive shift in urban priorities conducted largely out of the public eye. Many of them compare the networks being built today to the way cities were redesigned for car travel in the first half of the 20th century: As dirt roads were paved, then widened, then run through neighborhoods, and raised into overpasses, they remapped cities completely, for better and worse.

19. November 30, 2014 19 SMART CITY AS A CHIP As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more. Critics see a massive shift in urban priorities conducted largely out of the public eye. Many of them compare the networks being built today to the way cities were redesigned for car travel in the first half of the 20th century: As dirt roads were paved, then widened, then run through neighborhoods, and raised into overpasses, they remapped cities completely, for better and worse.

20. November 30, 2014 20 SMART CITY WHEEL OF INFRASTRUCTURE As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more. Critics see a massive shift in urban priorities conducted largely out of the public eye. Many of them compare the networks being built today to the way cities were redesigned for car travel in the first half of the 20th century: As dirt roads were paved, then widened, then run through neighborhoods, and raised into overpasses, they remapped cities completely, for better and worse.

21. GENERATIVE ARCHITECTURE 21

22. GENERATIVE DESIGN November 30, 2014 22

23. November 30, 2014 23 BEIJING NATIONAL AQUATICS CENTRE

24. November 30, 2014 24 GENERATIVE ARCHITECTURE

25. GENERATIVE DESIGN Generative design is not about designing a building, it’s about designing the system that designs a building. Using modeling and to see what works. 25 November 30, 2014

26. “VIRTUAL BUILDING” a concept in which all design, construction, environmental performance, and operational problems are visualised, solved, and optimised using integrated computer simulation. -The Arup Journal 2/2008 26 November 30, 2014

27. Modeled energy vs. measured energy 27 November 30, 2014

28. “VIRTUAL BUILDING” The virtual building is intended to support stakeholders throughout the project’s lifetime in the following areas: Exploration: a constantly evolving tool for exploring new directions in design and construction Communication: enabling project teams to quickly and accurately communicate design forms, functions, and behaviours to other team members and the broader collection of stakeholders Integration: providing an environment where design and facility team members can share and co-ordinate project information quickly and efficiently Optimization: facilitating analysis tools that are capable of optimising performance, sustainability, and costs to meet both short-term and long-term goals. 28 November 30, 2014

29. November 30, 2014 29 BEIJING NATIONAL STADIUM

30. HOW COULD GENERATIVE ARCHITECTURE MAKE CITIES ACTUALLY SMART? Exploration: Communication: Integration: Optimization: What else? 30 November 30, 2014

31. JANE VS. MARC AND ROBERT 31

32. November 30, 2014 32 MORE MARC LESS JANE? As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more. Critics see a massive shift in urban priorities conducted largely out of the public eye. Many of them compare the networks being built today to the way cities were redesigned for car travel in the first half of the 20th century: As dirt roads were paved, then widened, then run through neighborhoods, and raised into overpasses, they remapped cities completely, for better and worse.

33. November 30, 2014 33 MORE CORBUSIER LESS JANE? As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more. Critics see a massive shift in urban priorities conducted largely out of the public eye. Many of them compare the networks being built today to the way cities were redesigned for car travel in the first half of the 20th century: As dirt roads were paved, then widened, then run through neighborhoods, and raised into overpasses, they remapped cities completely, for better and worse.

34. November 30, 2014 34 MORE JANE

35. Writing about the city remained her passion. She often went up to the rooftop of her apartment building and watched the garbage trucks as they made their way through the city streets, picking the sidewalks clean. She would think, "What a complicated great place this is, and all these pieces of it that make it work." The more she investigated and explored neighborhoods, infrastructure, and business districts for her stories, the more she began to see the city as a living, breathing thing -- complex, wondrous, and self-perpetuating. November 30, 2014 35 JANE LIVED HERE As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more.

36. November 30, 2014 36 JANE FOUGHT MOSES As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more.

38. November 30, 2014 38 MOSES WAS CLEANING UP THE SLUMS As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more.

39. November 30, 2014 39 MOSES WAS PLANNING ON CLEANING UP THIS SLUM As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more.

40. During the 1950s and 1960s, her own home neighborhood of Greenwich Village was being transformed by developers, the expansion of New York University (NYU), and by the urban renewal plans of Robert Moses. Moses – who had already forced through the Cross Bronx Expressway and other roadways against neighborhood opposition – envisioned an expressway (The Lower Manhattan Expressway, or "Lomex") directly through Washington Square Park.[citation needed] His plan, funded as "slum clearance" by Title I of the Housing Act of 1949, also called for multiple blocks to be razed and replaced with upscale high-rises. The plan forced 132 families out of their homes and displaced 1000 small businesses – the result was Washington Square Village. November 30, 2014 40 JANE FOUGHT MOSES As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more.

42. SCHOLAR’S VIEW: SMART CITY “Smart City is referred as the safe, secure environmentally green, and efficient urban center of the future with advanced infrastructures such as sensors, electronics and networks to stimulate sustainable economic growth & a high quality of life” (Hall, 2000) “A city to be smart when investments in human and social capital and traditional (transport) and modern (ICT) communication infrastructure fuel sustainable economic growth and a high quality of life, with a wise management of natural resources, through participatory governance” (Caragliu, 2009) “A city well performing in a forward-looking way in economy, people, governance, mobility, environment & living, built on the smart combination of endowments and activities of self-decisive independent and aware citizens” (Giffinger & Gudrum, 2010) - Sourced from - http://iis-db.stanford.edu/evnts/7239/Jung_Hoon_Lee_final.pdf November 30, 2014 42

43. CITY’S VIEW “Smart City as a high-tech intensive and advanced city that connects people, information and city elements using new technologies in order to create sustainable greener city, competitive and innovative commerce and an increase life quality with a straightforward administration and maintenance system of city” (Barcelona City Hall, 2011) “Amsterdam Smart City uses innovative technology and the willingness to change behavior related to energy consumption in order to tackle climate goals. Amsterdam Smart City is an universal approach for design and development of a sustainable, economically viable program that will reduce the city’s carbon footprint” (Amsterdam Smart City, 2009) November 30, 2014 43

44. November 30, 2014 44 THE NIGHTMARE ON CONNECTED HOME STREET As I plod through the kitchen, my floor lights up, exposing rows of flashing LEDS, and a snippet from an old Queen song starts to play. “Congratulations!” purrs my house in an Elvis Presley voice. “You’ve just hit your step goal for the day!” Years ago I reset the step goal to 20 because I was tired of my house nagging me all day. Every time my couch vibrated or my TV told me to get up and walk around, I found myself resenting my home a little bit more.

45. ARUP: SMART CITY = MANAGE WHAT YOU TUNE November 30, 2014 45 A smart city is one in which the seams and structures of the various urban systems are made clear, simple, responsive and even malleable via contemporary technology and design. Key to this is the idea of measurement; of infrastructure, buildings and activities reporting their state and behaviour to systems that learn and adapt in response

46. November 30, 2014 46 ARUP: SMART CITY = MANAGE WHAT YOU TUNE Citizens are not only engaged and informed in the relationship between their activities, their neighborhoods, and the wider urban ecosystems, but are actively encouraged to see the city itself as something they can collectively tune, such that it is efficient, interactive, engaging, adaptive, and flexible, as opposed to the inflexible, monofunctional and monolithic structures of many 20th century cities.

47. ASSIGNMENT Will your city be smart? Take your core idea that you’ve been developing and situate it in a city. How will you shape the future of cities around you? Escape? Ignore? Let it happen around you? Or will you shape the decisions? November 30, 2014 47

48. November 30, 2014 48 MEDITATION: MIRANDA JULY - SOMEBODY APP

Bodies and Buildings NYU ITP 11.10.2014

Bodies and Buildings NYU ITP 11.10.2014

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Bodies and Buildings NYU ITP 11.10.2014