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Application of Fluid Dynamics in
Traffic Management

              Jaydeep Deshpande
                S.E. Mechanical,
               PVG’s COET, Pune.
Fluid Dynamics
 • Science which studies various flow conditions
 • It explains energy and mass balance in fluid
   system
 • It can be studied by focusing on a particle or
   focusing at a point in fluid to understand the
   nature of the flow.
Fluid Dynamics
 • Continuum- a continuous and homogeneous
   medium is called as continuum.
 • Rate of flow- quantity of the liquid/gas flowing
   per second through a given channel.
 • Continuity equation- it gives condition of
   conservation of mass in fluid system.
Traffic flow
 • Traffic flow is flow of vehicles.
 • Roads can be considered as channels through
   which vehicles can travel.
 • Can we apply same governing principles to
   traffic flow as we apply on liquid/gas flow?
Analogies between liquid flow and
  traffic flow, and applications.
Viscosity in liquids.
• It is a phenomenon which occurs due to
  cohesion and momentum transfer.
• Fluid particles near the boundaries stick to the
  walls and form boundary layers.
• Layers near the boundary also try to slow
  down neighboring layers which forms a
  velocity gradient along the width up to a
  certain distance.
Viscosity in traffic flow
• It is evident that vehicles travelling along the
  boundaries move slower.
• As in case of non-ideal fluids, there are
  interactions between moving vehicles, which
  are necessary to maintain safe distance and
  velocity.
Nozzle effects

• The diagram shows a typical
  nozzle.
• Velocity of the liquid
  increases through the
  nozzle and pressure drops.
• Formation of eddies at the
  junction of throat and exit
  part if half divergence angle
  is too large.
Flow of liquid along the edges




Sharp                Smooth
Edge                 Edge
Traffic flow around obstacles.


Dead
spots




                    Line up to
                    which choking
                    occurs.
          Problem                   Solution
Diversions


             Diversion.
Applications:
• Dynamic assist- generalized traffic conditions
  can be simulated using statistical data, and
  then it can be used to guide vehicles in their
  course such that traffic jams could be avoided.
• When constructing structures shapes as
  discussed earlier can be used so as to minimize
  the impact on traffic conditions.
Applications:
• It can help in designing roads, where proper
  width and margin needs to be maintained,
  with traffic and space considerations.
• It can play an important role in adjusting
  signal timings. As per the traffic conditions, it
  can precisely vary signal timings so as to avoid
  blocks, and that will ensure a uniform traffic
  flow even when flow rates are high.
With certain assumptions and
 statistical data of Karve Road
  traffic, a program has been
developed to calculate accurate
   signal timings at Nal Stop.
Thank you.

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Application of Fluid Dynamics In Traffic Management

  • 1. Application of Fluid Dynamics in Traffic Management Jaydeep Deshpande S.E. Mechanical, PVG’s COET, Pune.
  • 2. Fluid Dynamics • Science which studies various flow conditions • It explains energy and mass balance in fluid system • It can be studied by focusing on a particle or focusing at a point in fluid to understand the nature of the flow.
  • 3. Fluid Dynamics • Continuum- a continuous and homogeneous medium is called as continuum. • Rate of flow- quantity of the liquid/gas flowing per second through a given channel. • Continuity equation- it gives condition of conservation of mass in fluid system.
  • 4. Traffic flow • Traffic flow is flow of vehicles. • Roads can be considered as channels through which vehicles can travel. • Can we apply same governing principles to traffic flow as we apply on liquid/gas flow?
  • 5. Analogies between liquid flow and traffic flow, and applications.
  • 6. Viscosity in liquids. • It is a phenomenon which occurs due to cohesion and momentum transfer. • Fluid particles near the boundaries stick to the walls and form boundary layers. • Layers near the boundary also try to slow down neighboring layers which forms a velocity gradient along the width up to a certain distance.
  • 7. Viscosity in traffic flow • It is evident that vehicles travelling along the boundaries move slower. • As in case of non-ideal fluids, there are interactions between moving vehicles, which are necessary to maintain safe distance and velocity.
  • 8. Nozzle effects • The diagram shows a typical nozzle. • Velocity of the liquid increases through the nozzle and pressure drops. • Formation of eddies at the junction of throat and exit part if half divergence angle is too large.
  • 9. Flow of liquid along the edges Sharp Smooth Edge Edge
  • 10. Traffic flow around obstacles. Dead spots Line up to which choking occurs. Problem Solution
  • 11. Diversions Diversion.
  • 12. Applications: • Dynamic assist- generalized traffic conditions can be simulated using statistical data, and then it can be used to guide vehicles in their course such that traffic jams could be avoided. • When constructing structures shapes as discussed earlier can be used so as to minimize the impact on traffic conditions.
  • 13. Applications: • It can help in designing roads, where proper width and margin needs to be maintained, with traffic and space considerations. • It can play an important role in adjusting signal timings. As per the traffic conditions, it can precisely vary signal timings so as to avoid blocks, and that will ensure a uniform traffic flow even when flow rates are high.
  • 14. With certain assumptions and statistical data of Karve Road traffic, a program has been developed to calculate accurate signal timings at Nal Stop.