6. 1 Li Jie, Song Dynasty, “Yingzao Fashi”( methods of construction)
2 Ch’ing Dynasty, “Gongcheng Zuofa Zeli”(regulations for building practice)
1 2
1 Liang Sicheng(1901-1972)
Main hall of Fouguang Temple
34. Fujian Tulou/ Rural dwelling of the Hakka in the
mountainous areas in southeastern Fujian
“福建土楼”
Editor's Notes
1 The tomb of fist king of Qing Dynasty, “Shihuang” ling, Terra Cotta Warriors
2 “Mingqi” (burial object) building models, for scholar to understand the figure of building characters during that period,
befor Tang Dynasty there is no existing timber frame structure
3 so far, the oldest existing timber frame structure, hall for Fuoguang Temple, Shanxi Province
4 “Along the River During the Qingming Festival”, Zhang Zeduan, show the daily life, landscape, buildings of capital of Song Dynasty. City Gate Tower
5 Forbbiden City “taihe dian”(Hall of Supreme Harmony),Highest level building in the forbidden city
6 period in blue and periods in red
1 The tomb of fist king of Qing Dynasty, “Shihuang” ling, Terra Cotta Warriors
2 “Mingqi” (burial object) building models, for scholar to understand the figure of building characters during that period,
befor Tang Dynasty there is no existing timber frame structure
3 so far, the oldest existing timber frame structure, hall for Fuoguang Temple, Shanxi Province
4 “Along the River During the Qingming Festival”, Zhang Zeduan, show the daily life, landscape, buildings of capital of Song Dynasty. City Gate Tower
5 Forbbiden City “taihe dian”(Hall of Supreme Harmony),Highest level building in the forbidden city
6 period in blue and periods in red
1 Li is known as the first Chinese ancient Architect wrote scripts of how to build a house
2 written by one dipartment of Ch’ing Dynasty Govermetn
3 written in ancient chinese, very hard to understand,
4 liang wrote a book of notations of all the words and phrases in “yingzaofashi”, survey oldest timber frame palace, cross section
One floor not two
Ridge,
Roof layer, bracket layer, column and base
Huayan temple, Building models inside a
1华严寺位于今山西省大同市西大街,是现存最重要的辽代佛教寺庙之一。华严寺始建于重熙七年(公元1038年),至保大二年(公元1122年),金兵攻陷西京(今大同)时,毁于战火,至金代重修,但保留了辽代原貌。从元代中叶以后,分上、下二寺,各开山门,自成格局。 下华严寺的主殿薄伽藏殿,是现存辽代典型建筑。“薄伽”是梵语,译为“世尊”,是佛的十大称号之一,薄伽教藏就是释伽牟尼所说的经典教藏,颇似今天的佛教图书馆。薄伽教殿建筑雄伟,面阔五间,单檐歇山顶,大殿四周依壁设置重楼式壁藏38间,至后窗处为天宫楼阁五间。两侧以拱桥相接,壁藏(即藏经的图书馆)分上下两层,上层为佛龛,下层为经厨。楼阁和壁藏的建筑形式玲珑雅致,是一组辽代木结构建筑的楷模,被著名建筑学家梁思成先生誉为“海内弧品”。
Symmetry form
榫卯 tenon
Original 1406
72 ridges
Buddhism library, scripture, Song Dynasty
67 meters high, 7000ton, 54kinds of bracket sets
木塔的平面为正八边形,外观有五层六檐,而该五层中有四个暗层,一共九层。木塔重7000吨,矗立在夯实的黄土上。塔高为67.31米(一说65.85米),底层直径30米。塔建在4米高的石砌台基上,内外两槽立柱,构成双层套筒式结构。木塔使用的斗拱有54种,结构精密,体量宏伟,反映了中国古代木构建筑的杰出成就。