1. Ensuring world class civic amenities in urban India
URBAN DEVELOPMENT SCHEME
Manthan Topic: Future Cities
Team Members: Shubham Jain
Kaore Omkar Deepak
Kush Garg
Kriti Garg
Dheeraj Verma
Contact: shub.iitroorkee@gmail.comIndian Institute of Technology, Roorkee

2. 31.16 % of India lives in urban centres but Indian cities are not able to meet the basic needs of their residents.
Lack of skilled and trained manpower, lack of world class technologies for urban planning, weak urban local bodies
(ULBs) and inadequate investment are basic factors contributing to poor service delivery
Problems Statistics Cause Need for improvement
Water Service
Delivery
• Only 1 to 6 hours water supply in Indian cities compared with 24
hours in Brazil and China
• Water supply in Indian cities ranges from 37-298 lpcd (Litres per
Capita per Day) for a limited duration while other developing
countries supply 150-200 lpcd continuously
Lack of water resources,
Technical losses, Errors in
metering, Unbilled water
consumption, Plain theft
To provide continuous potable water
supply, efficiency and economic benefits
to citizen, Reduce investment in domestic
storage, pumps and filters
Sewerage and
Sanitation
• 94% of Indian cities do not have even partial sewerage network
• No sewerage connection for 50% households in other cities
• 18% do not have any form of latrine facility
• Less than 20% of the road network covered by storm water drains
• Treatment of only 21% of the waste water generated
Lack of facility of either an
individual toilet or a
shared toilet, Lack of
waste water treatment
facilities
To reduce various pathological bacteria
and virus produced due to improper
sewerage facilities, To prevent losses to
roads caused by storm water
Solid Waste
Management
• Segregation of less than 30 per cent of the solid waste
• Proportion of organic waste is much higher in India compared with
other countries
• Waste generation in Indian cities to increase five-fold to touch 260
million tonnes per year by 2047
Scientific disposal of waste
is almost never practised,
Increase in Municipal solid
waste, Improper waste
management
To prevent contamination of surface &
and ground water & uncontrolled landfill
disposal of solid waste, To reduce
amount of solid waste to be disposed
Transportation • Share of the public transport fleet decreased sharply from 11% in
1951 to 1.1% in 2001
• Number of registered vehicles went up 7.75 times during 1981-2001
• Increase in the number of road accidents from about 161,000 in
1981 to over 400,000 in 2001
Declining reliance on
public transport,
Plummeting importance of
non-motorized modes
To reduce hours spent on road journeys,
lives lost in road accidents, and air
pollution

3. Our scheme aims at urban development by incorporating the following:
1. Capacity building i. e. new institutions, recognizing talent and involving them into mainstream
planning
2. Empowering Local bodies and giving them autonomy
3. Introduction of centralized monitoring system
Blend of skilled manpower, technologies, powerful urban local bodies and transparency in the system
is necessary to exterminate the gravest of the problems and provide world class facilities in existing
Indian cities and to develop new world class cities
Proposed solution
1. Coverage to all cities irrespective of size
2. Inclusion of capacity building program will address lack of human resource and technology deficit
at local level
3. Focus on development plan for city as a whole instead of project based approach of JNNURM
4. Focus on empowering ULBs and making them autonomous to reduce funding requirements from
state and central government
5. Centralized monitoring system will monitor progress of work with time and also ensure
transparency in fund investment
Advantages over existing system

4. Empowerment of
Urban Local Bodies
Capacity Building
Program
Centralized Monitoring
System
Reforming the governance
Level of
Reform
Organizational Units Works
Government of
India
• Ministry of Urban Affairs
• Setup Institutes of Urban
Management
• To make a centralized policy regarding
urban affairs and to assist department of
urban affairs at state level
• To utilize and enrich human resources for
providing assistance to ULBs
State
Government
• Department of Urban
Affairs
• Setup Centralized
Monitoring Cell
• To provide assistance to ULB’s in those
fields where only state government can
act
• To review plan and monitor progress of
urban development by ULBs
Urban Local
Bodies (ULBs)
• Central Body
• Setup smart governance
center (SGC)
• Setup separate units for
different civic amenities
• To plan, execute and manage the
individual urban development
• To maintain database, address problems,
coordinate different units etc.
• To incorporate advanced technology for
addressing different issues for a specific
civic amenity
Framework for
governance
The most weak and crucial link which needs to be repaired to bring urban reforms is Governance

5. Proposed Solution Implementation Purpose
Setup 4-5 new
Institutes for Urban
Management as well
as improve existing
urban management
courses
Through partnership
between Government
of India and Private
Sector
• To provide new urban managers,
regulators, finance specialists and
planners
• They will provide technical and
management assistance to ULBs
• These institutes will also serve as
innovation center
Training program for
500 officials selected
through UPSC exam
Through partnership
between Government
of India and Private
Sector
• To create a force of urban specialists
to be placed in urban areas
• They will work in the fields of urban
planning, finance, project
preparation, project
implementation, project
management, e-governance etc.
Empowerment of
Urban Local Bodies
Capacity Building
Program
Centralized Monitoring
System
Framework for
governance
Initiating a comprehensive capacity building program
The biggest asset contributing towards the success of project is proper utilization
of its manpower

6. • ULBs will lay out the development plan for
their city with the help of trained officials
• Use international best practices to develop
plans for individual civic amenities
• State governments to amend their Municipal
Acts or enact overarching acts to facilitate
PPPs
• Increasing private funding and developing
projects via PPP
• Exclusive taxes to empower ULBs
• Sharing of revenues by state government
• Land based financial resources
• Levy water & sewerage charges separately
• Constitutional reforms to introduce local
bodies financial list
• Centralized monitoring system to monitor
progress of reforms and fund transfers at ULB
• Local Fund Audit Commission for
independent and professional audit
• Preparing Citizen Report Cards and Social
Audits
• All details of plan and funding to be
uploaded on server at SGC
ADMINISTRATION
HUMAN RESOURCESTRANSPERANCY
FINANCE
Empowerment of
Urban Local Bodies
Capacity Building
Program
Centralized Monitoring
System
Framework for
governance
• Competitive exam for recruitment at Local
Urban Bodies
• Lateral hiring of Professionals
• High level executive committee consisting
members from training program and urban
management institute
• Recognizing new talent through college
recruitment plan
Empowering Urban Local Bodies
Decentralization is the most necessary aspect for development at ground level

7. Smart Governance Cell
(ULB LEVEL)
Problem Solving Division
(Analysis & Recommendation
to ULB)
Information Management Division
• Maintain Database and Website
• Keep records of projects, plans,
human resources and fund
transfers
• Handle e-governance
Centralized Monitoring Cell
(STATE LEVEL)
• Review plan and monitor
progress
• Prepare annual progress
report for each ULB based on
reports received from SGCs
• Recommend required
alterations for proper
development utilizing
research done at IIUMs
Monitoring &
Assessment Division
Coordination Division
Complaint
Centers
Website
Progress report in
each 3 months
Problems
State Govt. Individual
Units
Information and
Assistance
Empowerment of
Urban Local Bodies
Capacity Building
Program
Centralized
Monitoring System
Framework for
governance
Ensuring transparency and improving efficiency
The keys for the success of any project are transparency, coordination and accountability

8. Financial Requirements
(20 years period) in crore rupees
Capacity Building Program 1,00,000
Centralized Monitoring System 2,00,000
Major Civic
Amenities
Water Supply 3,20,000
Sewerage 2,40,000
Solid Waste
Management
48,000
Urban Roads 17,20,000
Storm Water Drains 1,90,000
Urban Transport 4,40,000
Traffic Support
Infrastructure
97,000
Street Lighting 18,000
Renewal and Redevelopment Including
Slums
4,10,000
Total 37,83,000
Proposed sources of funding:
• Govt. of India
• State Government
• Public Private Partnership (PPP)
• Tax and constitutional reforms to fund ULBs
• Direct Taxation for Civic Amenities
Funding Requirements and Sources

9. Impact of
the
solution
•Filling of response forms for checking
the satisfaction
• Personal unscheduled inspections
• Installation of gauges to measure
water supply
•Increment in revenues generated by
public transportation
• Percentage Utilization of money
• Comparison of development in
individual sectors before and after
the implementation
• To check the results of the
response forms
•Comparing long-term and
short- term impacts
•To compare the revenues
generated before and after the
implementation
•Ensuring the congruity with nature
and use of renewable sources
• Solution spanning from ULB,
state government and central
government
• Decentralization at the national
and state level
• Centralization at the ULB level
Criteria to measure
Sustainability
Scalability
Monitoring
No matter how outstanding a policy may look in its conception, the success will always be
determined by its impact on the society

10. CHALLENGES MITIGATION FACTORS
Social Challenge
• Some organizations are against urbanization
• Protest again imposition of new taxes at ULB level
Economic
• Government do not see the viability of funding this solution
• Underutilization of funds due to corruption
Political
• State government reluctant to share power with ULBs and
to provide them autonomy
Legal
• Delay in constitutional reforms
Technological
• Lack of innovative technology
• Deficit of funds to ensure high quality technology
• Server hijacking
• Awareness campaign to remove negative myths about
urbanization
• Reduction of state level taxes
• Increasing funding through private partnership and
charges to use services from public
• Ensuring transparency using monitoring system
• Eliminating state government’s concerns about
proposed scheme
• Bring amendments only after considering opposition’s
views$
• Recognizing new technologies at innovation centers
at Institutes for urban management
• Using high security web services
• Planting trees in new areas and at side of road network
Environmental
• Protest against cutting of trees to lay down new roads
and other projects
When you don't come across any problems, you can be sure that you are travelling in a wrong path

11. References
• Wikipedia
• Ministry of Urban Development Official Website
• http://jnnurm.nic.in/ (JNNURM official website)
• Census of India.(2011). Rural Urban Distribution of Population. Retrieved from
http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/india/Rural_Urban_2011.pdf
• McKinsey Global Institute. (2010). India’s Urban Awakening: Building Inclusive Cities, Sustaining
Economic Growth. Retrieved from
http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/urbanization/urban_awakening_in_india
• Dhar, A. (2012, April 6). India will see highest urban population rise in next 40 years. The Hindu.
Retrieved from
http://www.thehindu.com/news/india-will-see-highest-urban-population-rise-in-next-40-
years/article3286896.ece
Thank You