SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 11
Download to read offline
“PLUGGING THE LEAKS”
A thought initiative felt and prepared for bringing out reforms in present PDS
( Public Distribution System) via MANTHAN 2013 by the team:
RENAISSANCE
ANUJ MANTRI
UMESH PATEL
AYUSH MISHRA
VISHAL KUMAR PRASAD
MOHAMMED PARVEZ KHAN
INTRODUCTION
PDS was basically inspired from the British system of rationing system during the world war II which was then established and
stabilized as a venture of FCI which was setup in 1965, with the following primary objectives as :
Providing food grains and other essential items to vulnerable
sections of society at reasonable ( subsidized ) prices.
To have a moderating influence on the open market
prices of cereals, the distribution of which constitutes a
fairly big share of total marketable surplus.
To attempt socialization in the matter of distribution of
essential commodities.
PDS corruption estimate Rs. crores
2004-05 Rs 16005
2009-2010 Rs 20746
This number closely matches the lower
bound estimate of 2G corruption.
But 2G scam happens once in a
decade.
“The PDS corruption happens every
year”
STAGES PROBLEMS
1. FARMERS • Unavailability of raw materials
• Lack of resources
2. PROCUREMENT
3. GODOWNS • Obsolete Infrastructure
• Poor maintenance
4. TRANSPORTATION • Leakages
• Supply delays
• Higher cost
5. STATE STOCK HOUSES • Obsolete Infrastructure
• Poor maintenance
• Extortion and less no. of houses
6. FPS • Diversion
• Under weight
• Unfair business
7. CONSUMERS • Unavailability, unaffordability, non
accessibility
• Lack of information
• Exclusion error & Inclusion error
* The current storage capacity is 62.8
million tons, which is proving inadequate
as India had record rice and wheat stocks
of 65.6 million tonnes in its godowns in
early June. Officials say the problem will
only get increased as per present
execution status.
CDBMS
CONSUMERSYSTEM DE STATE
FPSFPSFPS
SALIENT FEATURES
 CDBMS will manage and enhance the
accessibility and authenticity of consumers to
PDS
 States shall ensure food security of its people
and maintain a real-time accountability to the
central control system.
 Consumers can have their eyes. Ears and
voice to all steps and stages of the PDS in this
set of discipline.
 Inspectors at each level to check leakages
and unfair business.
 Informers at consumer level to improve
transparency and access
THE INSIGHT TO THE INTITATIVE
( ACTIONS - STEPWISE, STAGEWISE )
STAGES OF PDS
PROCUREMENT
CENTRAL-
STATE
STATE-
CONSUMER
PROCUREMENT:
• Encourage small farmers, and their productivity skills.
• SMS alerts- Nowadays person from almost every
section of the society posses a mobile, so govt can
send imp alerts like MSPs, their transaction records.
• Access to the producers and register them so that they
can be benefitted by the system and may be able to
benefit the system.
• FCI godowns
• TRANSPORTATION
• State Stock houses
Elements of
CENTRAL-
STATE
Stage
• FCI godowns
• TRANSPORTATION
• State Stock houses
Elements
of
CENTRAL
-STATE
Stage
CENTRE-STATE
STAGE
• Appoint engineers and specialists to
come up with very strictly disciplined
system of stock houses comprising
primarily of modern infrastructure
and accessorized with storing
technology skills.
• Mapping of transportation routes
• Increment in no. of stockhouses
• State should be strictly accountable
to the central controlling system, and
produce data of facts, status,
alongwith the set of programs viz.
distribution etc in real time manner,
as our proposed system is highly
network way connected.
• Inspectors and instructors are
needed to be recruited with strict
criteria to check the leakages, black
marketing and to ensure proper
storing techniques and control.
Our Proposed PDS system will have the following impacts and advantages:
Increased System Transparency and Accountability
“The most serious flaw plaguing the system at present is the lack of transparency and
accountability in its functioning”
• The Complete Online Real time synchronization between the Central and State database will
help in making the system more transparent.
• There will be full details on the portal of PDS indicating each and every data related to the
matter.
• Since, each and every step is very transparent, So, the Employees will be accountable for any
flaws or malfunctioning.
• This will also ensure easy and efficient monitoring of each stage working in the system.
Reduced PDS Leakages
“PDS Leakages will be reduced due to the following reasons:
• There will be route Mapping of all the Transportation of Food grains from FCI godowns to
State godowns.
• Due to real time online database, the leakages will be minimized to a large extent.
• The Local Community Inspectors will inspect and enquire about every type of leakages.
• Online biometric card swapping system will eliminate -
• inclusion errors,
• exclusion errors,
• double counting errors,
• Missing household errors and
• Shadow ownership error
• Also, this will lead to a reduction in the number of bogus cards.
• The system will ensure that PDS serves its actual purpose of providing food security to each
and every person in INDIA
Good quality of Food grains and reduction in diversion
• The local community inspector will inspect for the quality of the food grains
• If any FPS is found to be indulging in malpractices, its licence will be cancelled
immediately.
• The complete online system will reduce diversion to a very large extent.
Good Grievance Redressel Mechanism
• “The role and sole of our system is COMMON MAN”
• There will be a strong grievance redressel committee which will include local
members that will identify the grievances and listen and respond to them
immediately.
Suvidha card implementation faces following problems in implementation
• With implementation of modern computing,
chances of hacking increases
• Initial cost will increase due to the installation
of digital devices at every booth
• Chances of malfunctioning or deactivation
of consumer account from data base may
occur.
• Proper firewall with regular updates and
regular check-up will decrease the risk factor
• Reduction in taxes at different levels
• Keeping alternative options will remove the
risk factor
http://www.hindustantimes.com/Punjab/Ludhiana/FCI-rapped-for-wrong-procurement-
policies/SP-Article1-1073245.aspx
http://www.adb.org/publications/how-can-food-subsidies-work-better-answers-india-and-
philippines
http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/peoreport/peo/peo_tpds.pdf
Tenth Five Year Plan 2002-07
Eleventh Five Year Plan
National Food Security Bill 2013
NCERT Economics
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/problem-of-plenty-food-grains-left-to-rot-in-the-open-as-
godowns-overflow/1/252581.html
http://fciweb.nic.in/
http://pdsportal.nic.in/main.aspx
http://mospi.nic.in/

More Related Content

Similar to OJAS (20)

ojas1
ojas1ojas1
ojas1
 
AGNNI
AGNNIAGNNI
AGNNI
 
Subhashitam
SubhashitamSubhashitam
Subhashitam
 
VIDYA123
VIDYA123VIDYA123
VIDYA123
 
SilentAssassins
SilentAssassinsSilentAssassins
SilentAssassins
 
vibrant123456
vibrant123456vibrant123456
vibrant123456
 
Psych
PsychPsych
Psych
 
Aasmaan
AasmaanAasmaan
Aasmaan
 
MANITIANS
MANITIANSMANITIANS
MANITIANS
 
Aasmaan
AasmaanAasmaan
Aasmaan
 
Avartan
AvartanAvartan
Avartan
 
The5Anarchistics
The5AnarchisticsThe5Anarchistics
The5Anarchistics
 
BlueWaters
BlueWatersBlueWaters
BlueWaters
 
refreshers2013
refreshers2013refreshers2013
refreshers2013
 
HUNGaMA
HUNGaMAHUNGaMA
HUNGaMA
 
Parikrama
ParikramaParikrama
Parikrama
 
Sahara
SaharaSahara
Sahara
 
AGNNI
AGNNIAGNNI
AGNNI
 
Radicalists
RadicalistsRadicalists
Radicalists
 
Parijat2014
Parijat2014Parijat2014
Parijat2014
 

More from Citizens for Accountable Governance (20)

Only5
Only5Only5
Only5
 
Pegasus
PegasusPegasus
Pegasus
 
Boosting_skillsetsteamnbd
Boosting_skillsetsteamnbdBoosting_skillsetsteamnbd
Boosting_skillsetsteamnbd
 
Manthan iitm team
Manthan iitm teamManthan iitm team
Manthan iitm team
 
Christite2_2
Christite2_2Christite2_2
Christite2_2
 
Christite1 1
Christite1 1Christite1 1
Christite1 1
 
Vision transparent india
Vision transparent indiaVision transparent india
Vision transparent india
 
Manthan
ManthanManthan
Manthan
 
Sanitation pdf
Sanitation pdfSanitation pdf
Sanitation pdf
 
TechFidos
TechFidosTechFidos
TechFidos
 
samanvaya
samanvayasamanvaya
samanvaya
 
Women_ppt
Women_pptWomen_ppt
Women_ppt
 
Tourism_and_Border_Trade
Tourism_and_Border_TradeTourism_and_Border_Trade
Tourism_and_Border_Trade
 
Striving_towards_a_cleaner_nation
Striving_towards_a_cleaner_nationStriving_towards_a_cleaner_nation
Striving_towards_a_cleaner_nation
 
Stri_Shakti
Stri_ShaktiStri_Shakti
Stri_Shakti
 
sahas1
sahas1sahas1
sahas1
 
REIN
REINREIN
REIN
 
Reducing_malnutrition
Reducing_malnutritionReducing_malnutrition
Reducing_malnutrition
 
Pahal
PahalPahal
Pahal
 
public_distribution_system
public_distribution_systempublic_distribution_system
public_distribution_system
 

Recently uploaded

Developer Data Modeling Mistakes: From Postgres to NoSQL
Developer Data Modeling Mistakes: From Postgres to NoSQLDeveloper Data Modeling Mistakes: From Postgres to NoSQL
Developer Data Modeling Mistakes: From Postgres to NoSQLScyllaDB
 
Take control of your SAP testing with UiPath Test Suite
Take control of your SAP testing with UiPath Test SuiteTake control of your SAP testing with UiPath Test Suite
Take control of your SAP testing with UiPath Test SuiteDianaGray10
 
What's New in Teams Calling, Meetings and Devices March 2024
What's New in Teams Calling, Meetings and Devices March 2024What's New in Teams Calling, Meetings and Devices March 2024
What's New in Teams Calling, Meetings and Devices March 2024Stephanie Beckett
 
SIP trunking in Janus @ Kamailio World 2024
SIP trunking in Janus @ Kamailio World 2024SIP trunking in Janus @ Kamailio World 2024
SIP trunking in Janus @ Kamailio World 2024Lorenzo Miniero
 
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering TipsVertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering TipsMiki Katsuragi
 
Merck Moving Beyond Passwords: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
Merck Moving Beyond Passwords: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxMerck Moving Beyond Passwords: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
Merck Moving Beyond Passwords: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxLoriGlavin3
 
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding ClubUnleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding ClubKalema Edgar
 
Human Factors of XR: Using Human Factors to Design XR Systems
Human Factors of XR: Using Human Factors to Design XR SystemsHuman Factors of XR: Using Human Factors to Design XR Systems
Human Factors of XR: Using Human Factors to Design XR SystemsMark Billinghurst
 
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)Mark Simos
 
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdfHyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdfPrecisely
 
Anypoint Exchange: It’s Not Just a Repo!
Anypoint Exchange: It’s Not Just a Repo!Anypoint Exchange: It’s Not Just a Repo!
Anypoint Exchange: It’s Not Just a Repo!Manik S Magar
 
Artificial intelligence in cctv survelliance.pptx
Artificial intelligence in cctv survelliance.pptxArtificial intelligence in cctv survelliance.pptx
Artificial intelligence in cctv survelliance.pptxhariprasad279825
 
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptxSAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptxNavinnSomaal
 
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck PresentationConnect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck PresentationSlibray Presentation
 
Advanced Test Driven-Development @ php[tek] 2024
Advanced Test Driven-Development @ php[tek] 2024Advanced Test Driven-Development @ php[tek] 2024
Advanced Test Driven-Development @ php[tek] 2024Scott Keck-Warren
 
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024Enterprise Knowledge
 
Ensuring Technical Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Ensuring Technical Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365Ensuring Technical Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Ensuring Technical Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 3652toLead Limited
 
DevEX - reference for building teams, processes, and platforms
DevEX - reference for building teams, processes, and platformsDevEX - reference for building teams, processes, and platforms
DevEX - reference for building teams, processes, and platformsSergiu Bodiu
 
Powerpoint exploring the locations used in television show Time Clash
Powerpoint exploring the locations used in television show Time ClashPowerpoint exploring the locations used in television show Time Clash
Powerpoint exploring the locations used in television show Time Clashcharlottematthew16
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Developer Data Modeling Mistakes: From Postgres to NoSQL
Developer Data Modeling Mistakes: From Postgres to NoSQLDeveloper Data Modeling Mistakes: From Postgres to NoSQL
Developer Data Modeling Mistakes: From Postgres to NoSQL
 
Take control of your SAP testing with UiPath Test Suite
Take control of your SAP testing with UiPath Test SuiteTake control of your SAP testing with UiPath Test Suite
Take control of your SAP testing with UiPath Test Suite
 
What's New in Teams Calling, Meetings and Devices March 2024
What's New in Teams Calling, Meetings and Devices March 2024What's New in Teams Calling, Meetings and Devices March 2024
What's New in Teams Calling, Meetings and Devices March 2024
 
SIP trunking in Janus @ Kamailio World 2024
SIP trunking in Janus @ Kamailio World 2024SIP trunking in Janus @ Kamailio World 2024
SIP trunking in Janus @ Kamailio World 2024
 
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering TipsVertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
Vertex AI Gemini Prompt Engineering Tips
 
Merck Moving Beyond Passwords: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
Merck Moving Beyond Passwords: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxMerck Moving Beyond Passwords: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
Merck Moving Beyond Passwords: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
 
E-Vehicle_Hacking_by_Parul Sharma_null_owasp.pptx
E-Vehicle_Hacking_by_Parul Sharma_null_owasp.pptxE-Vehicle_Hacking_by_Parul Sharma_null_owasp.pptx
E-Vehicle_Hacking_by_Parul Sharma_null_owasp.pptx
 
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding ClubUnleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
 
Human Factors of XR: Using Human Factors to Design XR Systems
Human Factors of XR: Using Human Factors to Design XR SystemsHuman Factors of XR: Using Human Factors to Design XR Systems
Human Factors of XR: Using Human Factors to Design XR Systems
 
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
Tampa BSides - Chef's Tour of Microsoft Security Adoption Framework (SAF)
 
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdfHyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
 
Anypoint Exchange: It’s Not Just a Repo!
Anypoint Exchange: It’s Not Just a Repo!Anypoint Exchange: It’s Not Just a Repo!
Anypoint Exchange: It’s Not Just a Repo!
 
Artificial intelligence in cctv survelliance.pptx
Artificial intelligence in cctv survelliance.pptxArtificial intelligence in cctv survelliance.pptx
Artificial intelligence in cctv survelliance.pptx
 
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptxSAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
 
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck PresentationConnect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
 
Advanced Test Driven-Development @ php[tek] 2024
Advanced Test Driven-Development @ php[tek] 2024Advanced Test Driven-Development @ php[tek] 2024
Advanced Test Driven-Development @ php[tek] 2024
 
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
Designing IA for AI - Information Architecture Conference 2024
 
Ensuring Technical Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Ensuring Technical Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365Ensuring Technical Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Ensuring Technical Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
 
DevEX - reference for building teams, processes, and platforms
DevEX - reference for building teams, processes, and platformsDevEX - reference for building teams, processes, and platforms
DevEX - reference for building teams, processes, and platforms
 
Powerpoint exploring the locations used in television show Time Clash
Powerpoint exploring the locations used in television show Time ClashPowerpoint exploring the locations used in television show Time Clash
Powerpoint exploring the locations used in television show Time Clash
 

OJAS

  • 1. “PLUGGING THE LEAKS” A thought initiative felt and prepared for bringing out reforms in present PDS ( Public Distribution System) via MANTHAN 2013 by the team: RENAISSANCE ANUJ MANTRI UMESH PATEL AYUSH MISHRA VISHAL KUMAR PRASAD MOHAMMED PARVEZ KHAN
  • 2. INTRODUCTION PDS was basically inspired from the British system of rationing system during the world war II which was then established and stabilized as a venture of FCI which was setup in 1965, with the following primary objectives as : Providing food grains and other essential items to vulnerable sections of society at reasonable ( subsidized ) prices. To have a moderating influence on the open market prices of cereals, the distribution of which constitutes a fairly big share of total marketable surplus. To attempt socialization in the matter of distribution of essential commodities. PDS corruption estimate Rs. crores 2004-05 Rs 16005 2009-2010 Rs 20746 This number closely matches the lower bound estimate of 2G corruption. But 2G scam happens once in a decade. “The PDS corruption happens every year”
  • 3. STAGES PROBLEMS 1. FARMERS • Unavailability of raw materials • Lack of resources 2. PROCUREMENT 3. GODOWNS • Obsolete Infrastructure • Poor maintenance 4. TRANSPORTATION • Leakages • Supply delays • Higher cost 5. STATE STOCK HOUSES • Obsolete Infrastructure • Poor maintenance • Extortion and less no. of houses 6. FPS • Diversion • Under weight • Unfair business 7. CONSUMERS • Unavailability, unaffordability, non accessibility • Lack of information • Exclusion error & Inclusion error * The current storage capacity is 62.8 million tons, which is proving inadequate as India had record rice and wheat stocks of 65.6 million tonnes in its godowns in early June. Officials say the problem will only get increased as per present execution status.
  • 4. CDBMS CONSUMERSYSTEM DE STATE FPSFPSFPS SALIENT FEATURES  CDBMS will manage and enhance the accessibility and authenticity of consumers to PDS  States shall ensure food security of its people and maintain a real-time accountability to the central control system.  Consumers can have their eyes. Ears and voice to all steps and stages of the PDS in this set of discipline.  Inspectors at each level to check leakages and unfair business.  Informers at consumer level to improve transparency and access
  • 5. THE INSIGHT TO THE INTITATIVE ( ACTIONS - STEPWISE, STAGEWISE ) STAGES OF PDS PROCUREMENT CENTRAL- STATE STATE- CONSUMER PROCUREMENT: • Encourage small farmers, and their productivity skills. • SMS alerts- Nowadays person from almost every section of the society posses a mobile, so govt can send imp alerts like MSPs, their transaction records. • Access to the producers and register them so that they can be benefitted by the system and may be able to benefit the system. • FCI godowns • TRANSPORTATION • State Stock houses Elements of CENTRAL- STATE Stage
  • 6. • FCI godowns • TRANSPORTATION • State Stock houses Elements of CENTRAL -STATE Stage CENTRE-STATE STAGE • Appoint engineers and specialists to come up with very strictly disciplined system of stock houses comprising primarily of modern infrastructure and accessorized with storing technology skills. • Mapping of transportation routes • Increment in no. of stockhouses • State should be strictly accountable to the central controlling system, and produce data of facts, status, alongwith the set of programs viz. distribution etc in real time manner, as our proposed system is highly network way connected. • Inspectors and instructors are needed to be recruited with strict criteria to check the leakages, black marketing and to ensure proper storing techniques and control.
  • 7. Our Proposed PDS system will have the following impacts and advantages: Increased System Transparency and Accountability “The most serious flaw plaguing the system at present is the lack of transparency and accountability in its functioning” • The Complete Online Real time synchronization between the Central and State database will help in making the system more transparent. • There will be full details on the portal of PDS indicating each and every data related to the matter. • Since, each and every step is very transparent, So, the Employees will be accountable for any flaws or malfunctioning. • This will also ensure easy and efficient monitoring of each stage working in the system.
  • 8. Reduced PDS Leakages “PDS Leakages will be reduced due to the following reasons: • There will be route Mapping of all the Transportation of Food grains from FCI godowns to State godowns. • Due to real time online database, the leakages will be minimized to a large extent. • The Local Community Inspectors will inspect and enquire about every type of leakages. • Online biometric card swapping system will eliminate - • inclusion errors, • exclusion errors, • double counting errors, • Missing household errors and • Shadow ownership error • Also, this will lead to a reduction in the number of bogus cards. • The system will ensure that PDS serves its actual purpose of providing food security to each and every person in INDIA
  • 9. Good quality of Food grains and reduction in diversion • The local community inspector will inspect for the quality of the food grains • If any FPS is found to be indulging in malpractices, its licence will be cancelled immediately. • The complete online system will reduce diversion to a very large extent. Good Grievance Redressel Mechanism • “The role and sole of our system is COMMON MAN” • There will be a strong grievance redressel committee which will include local members that will identify the grievances and listen and respond to them immediately.
  • 10. Suvidha card implementation faces following problems in implementation • With implementation of modern computing, chances of hacking increases • Initial cost will increase due to the installation of digital devices at every booth • Chances of malfunctioning or deactivation of consumer account from data base may occur. • Proper firewall with regular updates and regular check-up will decrease the risk factor • Reduction in taxes at different levels • Keeping alternative options will remove the risk factor
  • 11. http://www.hindustantimes.com/Punjab/Ludhiana/FCI-rapped-for-wrong-procurement- policies/SP-Article1-1073245.aspx http://www.adb.org/publications/how-can-food-subsidies-work-better-answers-india-and- philippines http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/peoreport/peo/peo_tpds.pdf Tenth Five Year Plan 2002-07 Eleventh Five Year Plan National Food Security Bill 2013 NCERT Economics http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/problem-of-plenty-food-grains-left-to-rot-in-the-open-as- godowns-overflow/1/252581.html http://fciweb.nic.in/ http://pdsportal.nic.in/main.aspx http://mospi.nic.in/