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The COVID-19 pandemic and livestock GHG emissions in Northern Kenya
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Presented by Michael Graham, Philemon Chelanga, Francesco Fava, Nathan Jensen, Sonja Leitner and Lutz Merbold at the Tropentag 2021―Towards shifting paradigms in agriculture for a healthy and sustainable future, 15-17 September 2021
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The COVID-19 pandemic and livestock GHG emissions in Northern Kenya
- Better lives through livestock The COVID-19 pandemic and livestock GHG emissions in Northern Kenya Michael Graham, Philemon Chelanga, Francesco Fava, Nathan Jensen, Sonja Leitner, Lutz Merbold International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Tropentag Conference 15 September, 2021 Better lives through livestock
- 2 Background • Livestock are primary source of GHG emissions from agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa • Pastoralist systems highly dependent on livestock movement for seasonal access to feed and water resources • Hypothesis: COVID-19 restrictions in Kenya may indirectly affect GHGs from livestock in pastoralist areas
- Fewer animals Lower emissions Baseline emissions More animals Higher emissions Feed availability Less feed available Lower emissions More feed available Higher emissions Livestock movement More movement Higher emissions Less movement Lower emissions N2O CH4 N2O CH4 Herd size Decreased emissions Increased emissions N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 Framework
- Fewer animals Lower emissions Baseline emissions More animals Higher emissions Feed availability Less feed available Lower emissions More feed available Higher emissions Livestock movement More movement Higher emissions Less movement Lower emissions N2O CH4 N2O CH4 Herd size Decreased emissions Increased emissions N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CH4 Framework
- 5 Study area and methods • Assess changes in herd size indirectly using proxy data on livestock transaction in Northern Kenya • Market data • Nov 2019 to Sept 2020 • Household (HH) data • Aug 2019, Feb 2020, Aug 2020
- 6 Results on herd size • HH survey data shows decline in herd size between 2019 and 2020 172 199 -8 -69 -2000 -1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 2019 2020 Number of livestock Camels Small ruminants (-3%) 1335 1300 -46 -244 2019 2020 6424 6292 -1256 -1798 2019 2020 (-35%) (-4%) (-19%) (-20%) (-29%) Yea r Cattle
- 7 Take home messages • Herd size decreased in Northern Kenya due to indirect effects of COVID-19 • COVID-19 indirectly decreased GHG emissions from livestock through reductions in herd size
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