Training on Integrated Management of Endemic Diseases to
upgrade the Smallholder Pig Value Chain in Uganda
Dione, M.M., Pezo, D., Ouma, E.A., Roesel, K., Brandes D.,
and Kawuma, B.
The 4th International Conference on Sustainable Livelihoods
and Health in Africa 18-19 June 2015
Kampala, Uganda

Importance of Pig Production in Uganda
Pig production- a dynamic and rapidly growing sector in Uganda. In the past
three decades increased from 0.19 to 3.2 million pigs (UBOS, 2009; FAO,
2011).
Uganda has the highest per capita consumption (3.4 kg/person/year) in the
region -10 times increase in the last 30 years, whereas beef is declining
(FAO, 2011)

Smallholder Pig Value Chain Development (SPVCD)
Project Approach
A Value Chain Approach to transform subsistence
level pig keeping into a more competitive business
offering superior and safe pork to consumers.
It will help to reduce poverty and enhance food
security for poor households, while preserving
community natural resources (SPVCD, 2012)

Smallholder Pig Value Chain Development (SPVCD)
Project Methodology
• Stakeholder Consultation
• GIS Study on Targeting Smallholder Pig Value Chains in
Uganda
• Situational Analysis of the Pig Sector in Uganda
• Participatory Outcome Mapping and Site Selection
• Value chain toolkit development
• Value Chain Assessment (VCA)
• Benchmarking surveys
• Best-bets intervention selection
• Testing and validation of best-bets
• Scaling up and out of the interventions

Uganda smallholder pig value chain map (Ouma et al., 2014 slightly
modified)

Production systems
• Confinement in corrals in the
urban and peri-urban (
• Free-range and tethering in the
rural area, especially during dry
season
• More local and crossed breeds
in rural as compared to urban
Main constraints:
- Low productivity of local pigs
- Lack of financial capacity
- Lack of knowledge on pig
management
- Poor records keeping
• 70-75% of the diet is crop
residues, forages and kitchen
leftovers
• Most used crop residues are:
sweet potato vines, cassava and
yam leaves
Main constraints :
- Fodder shortages during dry
season
- High cost of commercial feeds
- Poor quality of purchased feeds
Health delivery actors are mostly
veterinary paraprofessionals.
Main constraints:
- Poor implementation of quality
assurance of products especially
drugs and regulation
- Poor logistics for
communication between farmers
and service providers
- Poor drug handling by farmers
and self-medication
- Counter fake drugs found in the
market
- Poor surveillance and diagnostic
capacities
Keeping types Feeding systems
Input supply (treatment, advisory
services)

Constraints related to disease control
- High disease burden
(Swine fever and
parasites)
- Lack of knowledge on
pig management
- Poor keeping systems
- Poor feed quality and
feeding strategies
- Weak biosecurity
measures
- No movement control
of pigs
- Trading of sick animals
- Lack of inspection of
live pigs
- Inadequate transport
means
- Poor biosecurity
during trading
- Poor disposal of pig
waste at abattoirs and
slaughter slabs
- Poor pork handling
practices
- Poor handling of meat
after slaughter
- Proper meat
inspection is lacking
- Lack of hygiene at pork
joints
- Inadequate disposal of
food waste (bones)
Production Trading Processing Consumption
Constraints related to public health

Knowledge gaps in pig management,
disease control and marketing
• Biosecurity measures during outbreaks of ASF
• How and when to report a disease in the pig
population
• Proper deworming regimes
• Best management package to maximize on
productivity (feeding, health, breeding)
• Boar selection and biosecurity during breeding
• Marketing and bargaining power
• Skills in collective action

Training Modules for Facilitators: Learning
Processes in Pig Value Chains
• Local experts develop the modules with
support of ILRI team (technical, instructional
design, etc.).
• Training of trainers on how to deliver
innovative interventions to service providers,
farmers and other actors.
• Testing of training modules with facilitators
and partners
• Development of approach for delivering the
training package to target population (BRAC,
ADINA FARM, PPM, etc…)

Capacity Development Tools
(1) Training manuals
- African swine fever
- Pig management
- Parasites control
- Pig feeding strategies
- Strategic use of local feed
resources
- Business planning,
financial management and
improved access to markets
(2) Fact sheets on
biosecurity
Fact sheets on
biosecurity
Producers Traders/Brokers/
Transporters
Butchers Input suppliers
ILRI
Local Government
MAIIF
Farm Gain
AFID
ILRI
US VWB
- Training manual of pig
slaughtering and pork
handling
- Fact sheets on
biosecurity
ILRI
US VWB
NALIRRI
MAAIF
Fact sheets on
biosecurity
ILRI
US VWB
Completed
On-going
On-going
On-going
The capacity development package is expected to
help farmers and other value chain actors improve
their practices, and enhance their business skills for
increased productivity of their pig enterprise

Expected outcomes
Upon successful completion of the
module, the participants will be able to:
• Describe the clinical signs associated to
African swine fever
• Understand how biosecurity measures
can protect their pigs from disease
• Understand the importance of
controlling pig movement
• Demonstrate willingness to report, and
understand the value of early reporting
and management of African swine fever
African swine fever

Expected outcomes
Upon completion of this module, participants
will be able to:
• Describe their pig keeping systems and
husbandry improvements they should make
• Determine the appropriate pig housing
requirements that match their production
systems and productivity improvement needs
• Integrate better management skills on their
farms
• Use the sow calendar as a key management
tool of pregnant sows
• Practice effective record keeping
Pig management

Expected outcomes
Upon successful completion of the
module, the farmers should be able
to:
• Understand how parasites are
transmitted to pigs
• Identify sick pigs due to parasite
infestations
• Apply preventive measures to
reduce parasite levels
• Understand treatment regimes for
common parasite infestation cases in
Uganda with the advise of a health
worker
Parasite control in pigs

Pig marketing and institutional
strengthening
Expected outcomes
Upon successful completion of the
module, the participants should:
• Have knowledge of basic marketing
concepts
• Be able to identify market
opportunities
• Develop plans for marketing pigs,
piglets, and pork products
• Engage in institutional arrangements
for pig marketing
• Mobilise participation and
commitment in collective marketing

Pig business planning and financial
management
Expected outcomes
Upon successful completion of this
module, farmers and smallholder pig
entrepreneurs should be able to:
• Prepare a bankable business plan for
their pig enterprise
• Identify potential financial sources
with knowledge of the advantages and
disadvantages of each
• Apply appropriate financial
management skills to their pig
enterprises

Pig feeding strategies
Expected outcomes
Upon successful completion of the
module, participants should be able to:
• Identify the limitations of local feed
resources
• Describe pig nutrient requirements at
different stages or physiological states
• Mix different feeds to meet the
nutrient requirements of pigs
• Implement strategic
supplementation to enhance pig
performance
• Make better use of water

Boar selection and management:
Expected outcomes
Upon successful completion of the
module, participants should be able
to:
• Know the importance of traits
and the most common breeds in
Uganda
• Select a good boar for breeding
• Apply effective biosecurity
measures when breeding
• Apply good boar management
practices

Follow up steps
• Field testing and validation
• Scaling out
• Monitoring and evaluation

Acknowledgments
IFAD/EU
Training manual consultants
Local Governments of Masaka, Mukono and
Kamuli