Sustainable intensification in livestock systems: where does feed fit? Alan Duncan FAP Symposium on Feed in Smallholder Systems Luang Prabang, Laos, 18-19 November 2010

Livestock systems are changing Population growth Climate change Global trade

“ Graduated upgrading” of livestock systems

Non-cash e.g. manure, security etc Inputs seed extension technical demand Market infrastructure Influences Outputs Smallholder livestock enterprise Push Pull Inst Economic e.g. milk, meat Vet services Feed Genetic merit organisational technical Policy/institutions policy Improved livelihoods

Push

Pull

Market environment

Mieso: “ Some farmers sold cattle fattened by the improved forages for more than Birr 9000 as compared to Birr 4000 to 5000 per head without the forages….”

Competing enterprises

Inst

Institutional environment – the innovation system Policy/enabling environment Urban wholesaler Collector Urban dairy producer Urban consumer Urban wholesaler Collector Urban dairy producer Urban consumer Rural farmer Research Extension Govt line dept Govt line dept Govt line dept

Presentations Push Pull Inst What is available – an example of development of a national feed inventory - Dr Sampath (National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology) Where do different feed options fit? Biophysical niches – Diriba Geleti/Werner Stur/Tassilo Tiemann Supplementary/compounded feeding in Kenyan and Indian dairy systems – why so little? – Ben Lukuyu and Michael Blummel Farmer-participatory research and development for improving feed supply and use - Asamoah Larbi Livestock feed as a component of smallholder systems: trade-offs in biomass use- Bruno Gerard (including SLP CR study) Feed as a component of value chains. Shirley Tarawali Linking fodder to livestock markets - Werner Stür and Truong tan Khanh Fodder innovation in smallholder systems – Ranjitha Puskur – findings from FIP Using stakeholder platforms to enhance local innovation in the livestock sector – Kebebe Ergano and Alan Duncan Innovation processes in different national contexts - Seife Ayele – FAP meta-analysis