Transforming livelihoods in South Asia through
sustainable livestock research and development:
Bangladesh perspectives
N.R. Sarker
Director General
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute
ILRI workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia
through sustainable livestock research and development
Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018

 Surface Area: 147,570 Sq.Km
 Present population: 166.37
Million
 Growth Rate: 1.03%
 9th most populous country in the
world
 Population density: 1125.52
people/Sq.km or 2889 people/Sq.
mile which rank 10th in the world
 Source: BBS (2018)& UNFPA
Demographic data

GDP (Constant
price)
GDP growth
rate (Constant
price)
Share in
agriculture
GDP
Direct
employment
Partial
employment
% 1.54 3.4 13.62 20 45
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
%
Contribution of livestock & poultry in national economy in
Bangladesh (2017-18)

Species 2010-
11
2011-
12
2012-
13
2013-
14
2014-
15
2015-
16
2016-
17
PopulationofRed
MeatSources
Cattle 231.21 231.95 233.41 234.88 236.36 237.85 239.35
Buffalo 13.94 14.43 14.50 14.57 14.64 14.71 14.78
Sheep 30.02 30.82 31.43 32.06 32.70 33.35 34.01
Goat 241.49 251.16 252.77 254.39 256.02 257.66 259.31
Total 516.84 528.36 532.11 535.90 539.72 543.57 547.45
white
meat
sources
Chicken 2346.9 2428.7 2490.1 2553.1 2617.7 2683.9 2751.8
Duck 441.20 457.0 472.5 488.6 505.2 522.4 540.2
Total 2788.1 2885.7 2962.6 3041.7 3122.9 3206.3 3292.0
Total 3304.9 3414.0 3494.8 3577.6 3662.7 3749.9 3839.5
Table 1 : Population of livestock species sources of red
meat in Bangladesh (Lakh number)
Source: DLS (2018)

Products Unit 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
Milk MT 5.07 6.09 6.97 7.27 9.28 9.40
Meat MT 3.62 4.52 5.86 6.15 7.15 7.27
Egg Crore
Nos.
761.74 1016.68 1099.52 1191.5 1493.31 1552.00
Table: Production of livestock products in Bangladesh over the years
Source: DLS (Total Production)

2009
-10
2010
-11
2011
-12
2012
-13
2013
-14
2014
-15
2015
-16
2016
-17
2017
-18p
GDP (Base: 2005-06) 2.06 1.98 1.9 1.84 1.78 1.73 1.66 1.6 1.54
Growth rate of GDP 2.51 2.59 2.68 2.74 2.83 3.1 3.21 3.32 3.4
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Livestock contribution in GDP

2007-
08
2008-
09
2009-
10
2010-
11
2011-
12
2012-
13
2013-
14
2014-
15
2015-
16
2016-
17
2017-
18
Milk 26.5 22.9 23.7 29.5 34.6 50.7 60.92 69.7 72.75 92.83 94.06
Meat 10.4 10.8 12.6 19.9 23.3 36.2 45.21 58.6 61.52 71.54 72.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Metrictons
Year-wise Milk and Meat Production (Lakh T)

Demand Availability
Meat 120 122.1
Milk 250 158.19
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
ml/g
Demand vs Availability of milk & meat

Chicken & duck
64%
Buffen
1%
Mutton
1%
Chevon
5%
Beef
29%
Genotypic share of meat production

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Dairy Meat Hides &
skin
Eggs Others
Series1 19.4 61.2 1.4 15.6 2.5
Animal GDP share % total value in BDT

0
50
100
150
200
250
20
10
20
15
20
18
20
20
20
25
20
30
20
35
20
40
20
45
20
50
Population (million) 152.2 161.2 163.4 169.8 175.3 185.6 191.6 196.3 199.7 201.9
Projection of human Population (million)

2017 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Cattle 239.35 242.12 247.11 252.38 257.47 263.11 268.35 274.32
Buffalo 14.78 15.67 18.78 21.46 24.04 27.5 30.77 35.25
Goat 259.31 297.13 337.49 390.36 443.46 512.84 582.7 673.75
Sheep 34.01 38.15 43.29 49.99 56.76 65.52 74.41 85.87
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
millions
Livestock Population (current and projected) in Bangladesh

201
8
202
0
202
5
203
0
203
5
204
0
204
5
205
0
Human population 163.37 169.57 177.89 185.06 191.04 195.86 199.51 201.95
Demand of meat 7.16 7.43 7.79 8.11 8.37 8.58 8.74 8.85
Demand of milk 14.9 15.47 16.23 16.89 17.43 17.87 18.21 18.43
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0
50
100
150
200
250
millionsMT
millions
Projected human population and demand of meat and milk in
Bangladesh

SDG Goals & Targets for Nutritional Security
SDG Goals & targets Lead
Ministrie
s/Divisio
n
Actions within 7th FYP
(2016-20)
Actions beyond
7th FYP
Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote
sustainable agriculture
2.1 By 2030, end
hunger and ensure
access by all people,
in particular the poor
and people in
vulnerable
situations, including
infants, to safe,
nutritious and
sufficient food all
year round
Lead: MoA
Co-lead:
MoFL,
MoF
• Increasing
agriculture product
diversification and
consumption for
improving nutrition
• Implement
Bangladesh
National Nutrition
Policy 2014

SDG Goals & Targets for Nutritional Security
SDG Goals & targets Lead
Ministries/
Division
Actions within 7th
FYP (2016-20)
Actions beyond
7th FYP
Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote
sustainable agriculture
2.2 By 2030, end all forms
of malnutrition, including
achieving, by 2025, the
internationally agreed
targets on stunting and
wasting in children under
5 years of age, and
address the nutritional
needs of adolescent girls,
pregnant and lactating
women and older persons
Lead:
MoHFW
Co-lead:
MoF
• Implement
Bangladesh
National
Nutrition Policy
2014

SDG Goals & Targets for Nutritional Security
SDG Goals & targets Lead
Ministrie
s/Divisio
n
Actions within 7th
FYP (2016-20)
Actions beyond
7th FYP
Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote
sustainable agriculture
2.3 By 2030, double the
agricultural productivity
and incomes of small-
scale food producers, in
particular women,
indigenous peoples,
family farmers,
pastoralists and fishers,
……………………
Lead:
MoA
Co-lead:
MoFL
• Rural employment
generation

SDG Goals & Targets for Nutritional Security
SDG Goals & targets Lead
Ministries/Di
vision
Actions within 7th
FYP (2016-20)
Actions beyond
7th FYP
Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote
sustainable agriculture
2.5 By 2020, maintain
the genetic diversity of
seeds, cultivated plants
and farmed and
domesticated animals
and their related wild
species, including
through soundly
managed and diversified
seed and plant banks at
the national, regional
and international
levels,…
Lead: MoA
Co-lead:
MoFL
• Rural
employment
generation

Semi-subsistence
 Smallholder mixed
farm
 Dual purpose animal
 Low quality feed and
inputs
 Low yield and output
 Small marketed surplus
 Usually low market
access
 Dairy component of
mixed farm or specialized
enterprise
 Mixed of local and
crossbreeds in higher
share
 Better quality feed and
inputs
 Yield, output marketed
systems
Dairy production and marketing systems in
Bangladesh
Production System Marketing systems
Market oriented Production
Traditional marketing
 liquid milk
 Sweets, curd and ghee
main processed products
 Local market-short chain
 Some urban links
 Main actors smallscale
traders
 Labour intensive
handling and transport
 Poor hygine major
problems
Improved marketing
 Liquid milk still
important
 Industrial processing
M&M Products
 Longer chain-may
formal & informal
actors
 Vertically integrated
enterprises and
informal traders both
active players

Small ruminant value chain
Goat/sheep producer
Marketing Middle man
Consumer Marketing Processing plant
Consumer
Consumer

Napier grass value chain
Large farmers
Grass whole seller
Produced from cutting supplied
by DLS and BLRI
Large integrated
grass cultivator

Major diseases in Livestock
• Large animals Small ruminants
– FMD - PPR
– Anthrax - Goatpox
– BQ -parasites
– Mastitis - Enterotoximia
– HS
• Poultry
– ND
– IBD
– AI
– Coccidiosis

Value Chain Mapping

Opportunities
• Large number of animal population
• Integrated agricultural farming
• Fertile land
• Transformation from subsistence to
commercial farming
• Due to awareness and education, animal
protein consumption increasing

Challenges
• High prevalence of economically important
livestock and poultry diseases
• Low productivity of farm animals
• Severe scarcity of livestock and poultry vaccines
• Unnecessary uses of Antibiotics and hormones
• Maintain of Sanitary and Phytosanitary standards
(SPS )
• Decreasing of grazing land
• Scarcity of feeds and fodder
• Competition between human and animal feeds

Challenges
• Disorganized marketing system of livestock and
products
• Climatic change and environmental pollution
• Lack of quality slaughter facilities
• Lack of Quality livestock breeds
• Unskilled human resources
• Lack of financial support and insurance
• Indiscriminate breeding
• Lack of biosecurity and biosafety
• Transboundary diseases

Way forward
• Forging partnership with ILRI for livestock research and
development in Bangladesh specially in the areas of
– Animal breeding and genetics
– Animal production, Feed and Fodder research
– Animal Health, Food safety and Zoonotic Diseases
– Climate resilient livestock production
– Livestock value chain development
– Food safety
– Women integration in livestock sector
– Strong Networking for cooperation, surveillance
– Capacity Development

Conclusion
• Increasing population, urbanization and disposable income
in developing countries are fuelling a strong growth in
demand for animal products.
• A gradual substitution of cereals and other basic foods by
meat in the diets of developing countries
• Make the sector catalytic the stimulating the rural
economics needs policy support to small-scale producers
• Building of institutional and infrastructural capacities to
allow small-scale producers to compete and integrate
successfully within the developing industry
• Conducive environment is need in private sector
investment
• Effective reduction of environmental, animal and human
health threats

Thanks for patience hearing