Livestock Research Contributions
to the SDGs
Hung Nguyen, ILRI
Applications of OneHealth/EcoHealth Approach Towards Sustainable Livestock
Production in Southeast Asia, Laguna, Philippines, 25 October 2018

One Health AMR course CIRAD July 2018

HANOI, Vietnam - The Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in
Agriculture (SEARCA) convened its 66th Governing Board Meeting (GBM) hosted by the
Government of Vietnam on 13 – 15 October 2018 at Hilton Hanoi Opera.

CGIAR Research Centers
CGIAR research is carried out by the 15 Centers, members of the
CGIAR Consortium, in close collaboration with hundreds of
partners, including national and regional research institutes, civil
society organizations, academia, development organizations and
the private sector.
REDUCED
POVERTY
IMPROVED FOOD AND
NUTRITION SECURITY FOR
HEALTH
IMPROVED NATURAL
RESOURCE SYSTEMS AND
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
EQUITY, CAPACITY
AND ENABLING
ENVIRONMENT

Improved food and
nutrition security for
health
Improved natural
resource systems and
ecosystem services
Reduced poverty
ILRI and CGIAR contributions to the SDGs
ILRI’s mission is
to improve food and nutritional security
and to reduce poverty in developing countries through
research for
efficient, safe and sustainable
use of livestock —
ensuring better lives through livestock.

LIVESTOCK ARE ESSENTIAL TO ACHIEVING THE SDGS
— which are now the currency of development
across the whole world

Livestock contribute directly to eight SDGs

4 LIVESTOCK PATHWAYS
HELP MEET
ALL THE SDGS
with partnerships
at the centre
of each

ECONOMIC GROWTH
EQUITABLE LIVELIHOODS
NUTRITION AND HEALTH
SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEMS

PATHWAY 1:
Economic Growth

Livestock build global and national economies
• The livestock sector contributes an
average of 40% of the agricultural
GDP globally — and that percentage
is growing
• Demand for milk and meat in Asia
will more than double by 2050 from
2010 levels
• Livestock value chains provide
large numbers of jobs.
Herrero et al. 2014

Various sources:
BMGF, FAO and ILRI
Livestock build household economies
Region
(definition of
‘smallholder’)
% production by smallholder livestock farms
Beef Chicken
meat
Sheep/goat
meat
Milk Pork Eggs
East Africa
(≤ 6 milking
animals)
60-90
Bangladesh
(< 3ha land)
65 77 78 65 77
India
(< 2ha land)
75 92 92 69 71
Vietnam
(small scale)
80
Philippines
(backyard)
50 35

PATHWAY 2:
Equitable livelihoods

Livestock provide livelihoods
• 70% of the world’s rural poor rely on livestock
for important parts of their livelihoods.
• Of the >750 million poor livestock keepers in
the world, about two-thirds are rural women.
• >100 million landless people keep livestock.
• In the poorest countries, livestock manure
comprises over 70% of soil fertility
amendments.
• Many poor people are employed in local
informal livestock product markets.
• 90% of animal products are produced and
consumed in the same country or region.
• Over 70% of livestock products are sold
‘informally’.

Livestock contribution to AgGDP
4.0%
5.6%
4.3% 2.9%
3.8%
2.8%
2.4%
2.8%
2.4%
Livestock
GDP
(Figures in bars are annual growth rates)
FAO, 2012

Livestock provide livelihoods for women
Animals are one of the few household assets women can control

PATHWAY 3:
Nutrition and health

Animal-source foods provide essential nutrients
• Globally 13% of calories
and 28% of protein
• Vitamins
e.g. B12 only available
in animal-source foods
• Minerals
e.g. calcium, iron, zinc, iodine
• Consuming just one egg a day
for 6 months reduces stunting
in children

Animal source foods and global diets
SEA China SA SSA
High Income
Countries
% calories from ASF/Day
FAO 2012
0
10
5
15
20
25

Unlucky 13 zoonoses sicken 2.4 billion people, kill 2.2 million people
and affect more than 1 in 7 livestock each year
Livestock and other animals are a source of
(zoonotic) diseases transmitted to humans

PATHWAY 4:
Ecosystem health

Production of the greenhouse gas methane
falls as animal productivity rises

Rangelands are a vast carbon sink
Rangelands, covering up to 40% of the Earth’s surface,
comprise a vast carbon sink
With moderate livestock grazing and good management,
rangelands could sequester 8.6 million tonnes of carbon
each year

DELIVERING LIVESTOCK RESEARCH
‘WITH THE END IN MIND’

PATHWAY 1:
Economic Growth

Livestock multiplies rural incomes
Rural income multipliers are higher for livestock than for other commodities and
higher even than non-agricultural activities.
Additionaljobs
Livestock

PATHWAY 2:
Equitable livelihoods
There are nearly 200 million pastoralists in the world
generating income where conventional farming is
limited or not possible
Women are central to Vietnam pig value chains:
- Over half of the input suppliers, farmers and
processors are women
- Almost all the retailers are women

Worldwide livestock anti-
microbial consumption is
expected to rise 67%
between 2010 and 2030.
Vaccines can have economic
benefits and lower anti-microbial
drug use.
Brucellosis vaccination in
Mongolia would produce benefits
three times the cost of deployment.
PATHWAY 3:
Nutrition and health

New technologies in animal nutrition,
breeding and health led to a
63% reduction in the total
carbon footprint per unit of milk
in the US over a 60-year period.
Similar feasible improvements
in animal feeds, health and husbandry
in South Asia are expected to reduce
mixed dairy farming greenhouse
gas emissions by 38%.
PATHWAY 4:
Ecosystem health

ILRI is delighted to be working
ith partners in south-east Asia
providing real-world evidence
for real-world solutions
for achieving the SDGs

Perspectives for SEA, Hanoi meeting 16 Nov 2017

E&SEA regional context
• 2 billion people, 19 billion animals (54
bil worldwide)
• increased demand for livestock
products, rapid economic growth
• Agriculture: 16% GDP (18-28% in
countries ILRI works), livestock: 20-
40% of agricultural GDP.
• Small holders still dominate most
livestock sub-sectors
• Large populations of rural poor
• South-South learning opportunities
• ASEAN trades: AEC, free trade
agreements
WB (2016), FAO (2014)
Projected growth in demand for livestock products in SE Asia
to 2030 (IFPRI IMPACT model)

Key areas of livestock and SDGs
• Feed and forage management
• Animal breeding and genetics
• Food safety, One Health and antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
• Value chain and market linkages
• Improving access to credit and saving mechanism
• Technical assistance and capacity building for livestock
keepers
• Climate change mitigation/adaptation, environmental
sustainability and sufficient land use
• Promotion of gender equality
• Government capacity building

This presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
better lives through livestock
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ILRI thanks all donors and organizations who globally supported its work through their contributions
to the CGIAR system