L. Srikitjakarn P. Trakarnsirinont B. Kaewpinta, S. Janya,
N. Avaiyavanonth, C. Sripun Robert, G. L. Robert
Chiang Mai University
Project funded by The Thailand Research Fund

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
How a vet should work under such
condition?
1 vet ( with fair functional
systems) took care 1000
villages with 150000
households.
Each of 100,000 households had
10-20 chickens.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
OBJECTIVE
to formulate participatory
surveillance and risk
communication model for avian
influenza control suited for
backyard chicken.
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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand

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1
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
MATERIAL AND METHOD
Study place : 2*8 Local
Administrative Organizations
(LAOs) in a high and a low
risk province
Study period : May 06 – Sep 07
A qualitative method was used
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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
Focus group discussion

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
In-depth interview

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
Formulating Model – Draft 1
collect data about strong and
weak points of practicing
surveillance and risk
communication method.
opinion about what should be
improved.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
Formulating Model – Draft 1
tested for acceptance,
practicability, expected
effectiveness and other
appropriateness
by criticism and discussion
within stakeholders focus
groups

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
Formulating Model – Draft 2
Then Model-Draft 2 was
subjected for scrutinizing
again within the last focus
group, comprising of all
stakeholders from both
provinces.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
Risk communication
Risk communicationRisk communicationRisk communicationRisk communication was well
done in distributing
information and awareness
within village
lack of communication to
neighboring villages in order
to stimulate preparedness for
outbreak response and
prevention.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
CONTROL MEASURES
Reportable risk should be
practicably defined – i.e.
when there were occurrence of
chicken plaque.
People managed to dispose
chicken or duck carcass by
burial; but they did not well
protect themselves from being
contracted the virus.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
CONTROL MEASURES
The practicing disinfection
measures were not completely
complied with general
principle of disinfection.
The failure determinants of
animal movement control laid
on its objective which was
depopulation of the whole
poultry in the area rather
than a real movement control.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
CULLING
Farmers in general disagreed
that their chickens were sick
and should be culled,
resulting in avoidance of
culling measure.
To use only law enforcement
without acceptance from
villagers in this regard, the
expected achievement could
hardly be reached.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
CULLING
Villagers demanded laboratory
diagnosis before applying
culling measure; and would
like to shortening the
diagnosis time.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
CULLING
If necessary the depopulation
radius should be most limited.
This could be substituted by
closely monitoring and
cooperative movement control.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
CLOSED REARING SYSTEM
Commercial farm owners were
fully agreed with closed
rearing system.
The backyard chicken and ducks
could in contrary not use that
system. Workload and feeding
cost were major barriers.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
ORGANIZATION AND WORKING CULTURE
There were several official
organizations involving in
various aspects of AI control
which mixed up their roles.
When outbreak occurred LAOs
were reluctant to work and
wait for request.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
LAO Role
LAOs did not have strategy
plan, action plan and
budgeting plan preparing for
AI control.
In comparison LAO could play
more roles in managing to
solve immediate problem than
village headman could do.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
LAO Role
Village headman played an
important role in
communicating with villagers.
They were respective to
villagers.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
LAO Role
Avian influenza control
mission should be transferred
to LAO.
Government shall support them
with budget, public health and
veterinary public health
personnel.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
2 contrast thoughts on AI :
commercial & backyard systems
Favor emergent
depopulation
Affect industry
backyard make
difficult to gain
OIE AI free status
Export value was
several ten thousand
million baht a year
Favor laboratory
confirmation
little impact to
rural community
Backyard poultry is
food security and
health for the poor
Average income of
rural people was
3000 baht a month

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
Outbreak management in backyard
system was doubtful in
efficiency and effectiveness
with lack of cooperation from
villagers.
► Disease contracting risks from
animal reservoirs for human and
their domestic animals might
therefore not be reduced.
► surveillance data might be less
reliable

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
Rural
livelihood and
food security
being
destroyed.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
The study showed :
When chicken plaque occurred
in backyard system, several
times there were no reporting
from villagers and avoidance
from official control measures.
To effectively stop disease
spreading, acceptable control
measures by villagers should be
considered.

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Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand1
2
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand

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1
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand

1
1
Model for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory toolsModel for AI control using participatory tools
suitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailandsuitable for village condition in rural area of Thailand
Thank you
Thank you