Management of Emerging Risks in SoutheastManagement of Emerging Risks in SoutheastManagement of Emerging Risks in SoutheastManagement of Emerging Risks in Southeast AsiaAsiaAsiaAsia
The social dimension of animal health
surveillance systems
An interdisciplinary approach of social pressure in the
process of disease reporting in Northern Thailand
Aurélie Binot, Sophie Valeix, Attawit Kovitvadhi, Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux,
Raphael Duboz, Mohan Timilsina, Suwicha Kasemsuwan, Marisa Peyre
PENAPH first technical workshop Chiang Mai 11-13 December 2012

Social sciences inputs to surveillance
systems designing
Social, political (power issues)
and economic stakes
Risks representations and
perceptions
Communities empowerment
finding solutions through
participatory approaches
© F. Monicat
© F. Monicat
Provide and implement recommendation for risk management
(including surveillance response, health policies etc.)
Anticipating problems in risk communication, capacity building

Merging together social & biomedical sciences…
SOCIOLO
GY
ICT

ICTs for building bridges
• Strengthening interactions between
disciplines
• Integrating data
• Finding communication pathways
ICT FOR SYNTHETIZING
INFORMATION FOR
SPREADING, SHARING AND
DECREASING
HETEROGENEITY
• Central databases
• Modeling approaches
• Telecom
• GIS
Outbreaks Monitoring
Scenario tree Modeling
Frontline SMS
Risk mapping &
Spatial determinants

=> First understand the community’s functioning patterns
– who are the community members?
– what are the power relationship between them?
– major institutional agreements ? (land tenure, labor, loans...)
– how does information circulate between them?
Explore social interactions and behavior’s rules...
How to tackle social factors linked to
surveillance’s evaluation?
“social pressures around animal health
management not independent from general
community functioning”

How to tackle social factors linked to
surveillance’s evaluation?
“social network analysis could help in
analyzing and communicating data gathered
through participatory process”
Beyond official
surveillance
reporting system...
Cartography & measure
relationships, interactions btw
peoples, groups, entities
Beyond a
description and
interpretation of
narratives...
SNA

Participatory tools to approach the
community based dynamics
(not focusing on epidemiology!)
Various & flexible tools = semi-structured interviews, participatory
mapping, matrix scoring , proportional piling,…(57 interviews)
Animal diseases surveillance :
Social factors driving communities functioning

+continuous observation
Identify stakeholders, observe practices, interactions...
Participatory investigation of community dynamics
=> SNA modeling

- Various systems cohabiting (extensive ducks, fight cocks, intensive
chicken farm,…)
- DLD control measures in 2004/2005 = traumatism, with huge
family, cultural, socioeconomic consequences at community level
- Self-medication +++
- Low recourse to public vets
Some characteristics of the community regarding AH

Information circulation
Very frequent social contacts
Fast spreading of information
In-between role from
powerful, influent CB
level people
(experienced farmers,
notables, drug sellers)
Low communication
level with vets
BetweenindividualsBetweengroups

Health & Risk Perception
Low interest for infectious
diseases in ducks health
management
Which acceptability for
surveillance & control not
tackling these problems?
Diseases covered
by these information flow

- General functioning of the community could shed light on
the particular case of animal diseases management
- Notables (land owners, powerful families)
- Role in major crises management
- Have the needed influential power to withhold information
inside the community ...
- Industrial Firms
- private information circulation,
- not integrated to the community-based system
Major qualitative insights...

“No struggle between formal and informal
surveillance... but find the complementary
between the official and community-based
systems”
“Anthropological approach of the
community patterns, using participatory
tools and observation, benefitted from
and to SNA”

THANK YOU
http://www.grease-network.com