Potential livestock value chain
interventions
Dirk Hoekstra
LIVES Research Planning Workshop
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 26-28 March 2013

Livestock value chain
interventions
• Production
• Input/service supply interventions
• Processing/marketing interventions
• Livestock specific knowledge/capacity
development interventions

Livestock production
interventions
• Breeds
• Fodder
• Health
• Market oriented animal husbandry

Livestock input/service supply
interventions
• Multiplication systems for (improved) breeds
• Veterinary drugs supply
• Health services
• Supply feeds, accessories

Improved breeds
• Dairy
– Peri - urban fluid milk system – crosses with exotics
– Rural local butter system – crosses
Jersey, Borana, Begait, Fogera
• Small ruminants
– Crosses with exotic breeds
– Improved local breeds (through ram selection)
• Large ruminants
– Mainly male animals/oxen from improved dairy butter
breeds within the same location or pastoral areas – crosses
with Borana

Improved breeds
• Poultry
– Peri urban (semi) commercial system: exotic
egg and broiler types
– Rural semi commercial system: local breeds
• Apiculture
– No improved bees – some characterization is
on-going by Holetta research)

Breed/animal multiplication and
services
• On farm reproduction (part of animal
husbandry practices)
• Specialized services
– Private AI services (dairy/beef)
– Hormone assisted mass insemination (dairy/beef)
– Heifer breeding farms in rural areas(dairy)
– Community breeding schemes (small ruminants)
– Production day old chicks (poultry)
– Pullet producers (poultry)
– AI for poultry
– Bee colony multiplication/AI (apiculture)

Fodder development
interventions
• Grazing area development
– Enclosures, cut and carry, rotational use,fertilization, over sowing
– Conservation of grasses (hay, silage)
• Planted fodder – backyard, cropland, irrigation plot
– Perennial grasses
– Perennial and annual (rotational) legumes
– Conservation (hay,silage)
• Crop residues
– Increase through cereal/pulses crop improvement (new
varieties, feed/food)
– Treatment – chopping, urea, molasses
– Conservation (silage)
– Use of horticultural crop residues (banana, leafy vegetables)

Input/service supply interventions for
planted fodder development
interventions
• Management system communal grazing areas
• Supply of forage seeds/ cuttings
– FTCs
– Private farmers
– Linkages with regional/federal level seed suppliers
• Mechanical chopping/bailing services

Market oriented animal
husbandry
• Animal reproduction – fertility management
• Housing
• Feeding and watering
• Health – mortality
• Waste management
• Business scale
• Timing
• Quality
• Animal identification/record keeping

Supply of inputs/services interventions for
market oriented animal husbandry
• District level coops and/or private shops stocking
required inputs (feeds, drugs, accessories) using hub
approach and agro dealership linkages
• Community animal health worker system
(dairy, large/small ruminants)
• Women vaccination workers (pullets)
• Credit products to purchase commercial inputs and
scale up operations

Livestock processing/marketing
interventions
• Collective action to reduce sales/processing cost per unit of
product (hub approach)
– Milk collection centers
– Women butter groups for home processing of local butter
– Private/cooperative dairy processing: fluid milk/table butter (peri
urban) and local butter in rural areas
– Marketing groups large & small ruminants
• Create linkages including contract farming
– Dairy farmers/milk collection centers with processors
– Apiculturist with export abattoirs/honey processors
– Poultry/dairy producers with institutional consumers
• Quality/food safety improvement
– Milk/butter quality testing/payment
– Slaughtering hygiene

Livestock & environment
interventions
• Utilization of manure for biogass production
• Zoning of livestock production in peri urban
areas
• Create synergies between grazing areas
development and apiculture
• Fewer/higher producing animals to reduce
methane emission

Livestock specific knowledge/capacity
development interventions
• Commodity specific platforms
• Animal and forage husbandry training
• Training individuals/communities in commodity specific
service delivery and input production
– Grazing area management
– Community breeding schemes
– Mass insemination
– Health service delivery
– Forage seed multiplication
– Pullet production/day old chick production
– Bee colony splitting
• Training processors in food quality and safety

Equipment/supplies for market oriented
livestock development for demonstration
testing
• Ear tags/chips
• Electronic recording devices
• E-readers
• Mobile milking machines
• Quality testing equipment
• Heat detection devices
• Hormones
• Choppers/ bailers
• Incubators
• Bio gas electric generators/storage bags
• Modern housing

Thank you