A presentation on how to improve local adaptive capacities and inclusive scaling mechanisms for climate-smart agriculture in Kenya. It was delivered at the inception workshop for the CGIAR Initiative for Livestock and Climate by Birgit Habermann and Leah Gichuki in Nandi and Bomet counties in Kenya.

1. Livestock and Climate
Initiative
Work package 1 Inception Workshop,
Nandi county, 29 November 2022
Leah Gichuki, ILRI
On-farm technologies in social context:
Improving local adaptive capacities and
inclusive scaling mechanisms in Nandi County,
Kenya

2. Outline
• Background on LC Initiative
• WP1-On-farm technologies in social context
• WP1 implementation process
• Pioneers selection
• Co-production
• Scaling
• Site selection

3. Background on LC Initiative
Objective: This Initiative aims to address the “double
burden” that climate change poses for livestock
Africa and Latin America. Researchers are working
private actors to identify existing solutions and to
innovations that quantifiably help producers,
governments adapt livestock agrifood systems to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

4. www.cgiar.org
Strengthening
household capacities
Reducing climate risk
with digital services
Leveraging landscapes Financing the
transition
Policy environment
80,000 households
implement climate smart
livestock technologies
Adaptation pioneers, on-farm
GHGe intervention testing,
gender inclusion
Land managers implement
governance & restoration
practices on 500,000 ha
Participatory rangeland
management, land use
planning, tradeoff analysis
Climate investors commit
$25 million to finance the
transition
Technical assistance to define
the opportunity and track
progress
4 policies build on LCSR
scientific evidence and
outputs
MRV and adaptation tracking
protocols, global advocacy
partnerships
320,000 livestock value
chain actors access climate
information
Bundling CSI and CSA,
drought risk finance, gender
and youth inclusion
LCSR work packages
Outcomes
Innovations
Work
packages

5. www.cgiar.org
WP1-On-farm technologies in social context: Improving
local adaptive capacities and inclusive scaling
mechanisms
• Pioneering approach
• How can farmers, experts and scientists co-produce livestock
technologies for adaptation and mitigation
• Producer-led scaling
• Social inclusion, gender sensitivity
• What are the tradeoffs between socio-economic and biophysical
outcomes

6. Site
identification,
livestock
production
systems,….
Finding CS
technologies
(link with
existing work
at the sites)
Meeting
stakeholders,
inception
workshop
Household
survey to
identify
statistically
positive
deviant
pioneers
Scoping
interviews to
verify final
group of
pioneers
Citizen Science
data
collection: tool
development,
testing and
data collection
in team of
farmers, social
and
biophysical
researchers
for 12 months
Verify
technologies
for social
implications
and overall
scaling
readiness with
validation
workshop and
scaling expert

7. www.cgiar.org
Identification of pioneers
HH Survey:
500
Scoping:
50-80
Pioneers:
30-50
Knowledge Networks with
pioneers, groups, experts,
researchers….
Knowledge Networks with
pioneers, groups, experts,
researchers….

8. • Temperature-Humidity Index from monthly
averages from met stations
• Climate change parameter: perceived impact
Stress-level
high/low
•Dairy: Daily milk yield, age at first calving, calving interval,
mortality (reasons?), species/breed
•Fattening: mortality (reasons?), origin of animal, species/breed,
animal condition (body scores, weight development, weight when
selling, if known…), price when buying and selling, income vs
investment…
Production
performance
•Livelihood benefits: use the method of Dismas et al
•More than cash income, should capture different aspects
•HH ability to cover expenses: school bills, food, financial obligations,
investment in farm, spending for buying livestock feed, buying new
livestock, infrastructure of farms, keep savings,…
Livelihoods
Indicators
for
assessing
positive
deviance

9. Build common
ground
[scoping study]
Co-develop solutions
[participatory
adaptation analysis]
Co-deliver solutions
[MEL]
•Overview on available CS technologies
•Identify key actors/stakeholders
•Local inception workshop to develop local
partnership
•Household survey > sample of Pioneers
•Scoping interviews > verification of
technologies and final list of Pioneers
•Development and testing of a tool for citizen
science data collection
•Citizen data collection on-farm, involving
farmers, social and bio-physical scientists, local
partners if applicable
•Social science data collection: SSIs, group
meetings, Farmer field days,…
•Validation and scaling readiness [scaling
expert]
•Validation workshop with local stakeholders
and pioneers
COMPONENT 1: Co-production

10. Providing
information
Reaching
out
Capacity
building
•Share research findings of citizen
science data collection
•Farmers reports with manuals for
interpretation
•Tailor made training for
pioneers/groups
•Farmer led participatory field days
•Farmer/expert co-led field days
•Feedback workshops
•Group development for further
scaling
•Development of pioneer-based
knowledge networks
•Building capacities of knowledge
networks
•Dissemination information
materials
COMPONENT 2: Scaling

11. www.cgiar.org
Site selection
• Nandi county
• 6 sub-counties
• 23 wards-Agroecological potential for dairy production and
scaling
• Previous Program for Climate Smart Livestock(PCSL) in Mosop

12. • Farmer-led scaling based on PD groups
• Group based F2F training
• Communication & outreach
• Exchange visits to other sites
PCSL Pioneers & their groups
• Identification of pioneers
• Which technologies are they already working on?
• What makes the pioneers different from others: research the practices more in detail to understand the
difference:
• Biophysical research e.g. on feed quality, feed preservation,…
• Social research: Gender/ labour, profitability, different drivers of adaptation…
• Farmer-led scaling based on PD groups
New pioneers, new groups

13. About CGIAR
CGIAR is a global research partnership for a food-
secure future. CGIAR science is dedicated to
transforming food, land and water systems in a
climate crisis. Its research is carried out by 13 CGIAR
Centers/Alliances in close collaboration with
hundreds of partners, including national and
regional research institutes, civil society
organizations, academia, development organizations
and the private sector. www.cgiar.org
We would like to thank all Funders who support this
research through their contributions to the CGIAR
Trust Fund.
Thank you!