FeedBase: Interactive Feed Supply – Demand tool
Getachew Animut
Identifying Investment Opportunities for Livestock Feed Resources Development in the
Eastern Africa Sub – Region, ILRI Addis, 13-15 December 2017

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• Tool developed in India
• Supply side Feed resources
• Demand side Livestock census & productivity
• Balance Supply – Demand (DM, CP and TDN)
• Help to design appropriate intervention measures to systematically fill feed deficits.
• Help identify realistic opportunities for scalable commercial aggregation and value
addition to major feed bases to trade them to feed deficit areas.
• Enable more rational utilization of feed resources towards enhanced livestock
production and productivity,
• Can be employed as a planning tool
FeedBase: Interactive district level feed balance sheet

FeedBase Indian Assumptions
Agenda
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The assessment of feed availability and requirements are based on the
secondary data of crop production, land utilization pattern and livestock census.
FeedBase
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For crop residues and concentrates (grains, bran, husk and oilcakes) appropriate conversion factors
(grain to residue or grain to by products) have been used to arrive at the potential availability of
feed resources.
Crop Crop residue Bran/husk Grains
Paddy 1.3 0.08 0.02
Wheat 1 0.08 0.02
Sorghum 2.5 0.05
Bajra 2.5 0.05
Barley 1.3 0.10
Maize 2.5 0.40
Finger millet 2.0 0.05
Small millets 2.5 0.10
Other cereals 2.0 0.10
Pulses 1.7 0.03
Groundnut 2.0
Soybean 0.17
Crop Oilcake
Groundnut 0.60
Sesame 0.60
Rape & Mustard 0.67
Linseed 0.67
Niger 0.72
Sunflower 0.70
Safflower 0.70
Soybean 0.73
Coconut 0.0625
Cotton 0.0499

The assessment of feed availability and requirements are based on the
secondary data of crop production, land utilization pattern and livestock census.
FeedBase
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For green fodder production the average biomass production potential of the following land
categories and sugarcane tops is considered to arrive at the green fodder availability
Source Area Productivity/annum
Cultivated fodder 5% of the total cropped area 40 tons/hectare
Forests 50% of the area accessible
for Fodder
3 tons/hectare
Permanent pastures and grazing
lands
Total area 5 tons/hectare
Miscellaneous tree crops Total area 1 ton/hectare
Cultivable waste lands Total area 1 ton/hectare
Current fallows Total area 1 ton/hectare
Other fallows Total area 1 ton/hectare
Sugarcane tops Proportion of the sugarcane
yield
0.25 of the sugarcane
yield

For various categories of livestock the following factors have been considered to work out
requirements
FeedBase
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Species Factors
Cattle - Cross bred Adult body weight- 350 kg
Growth potential- 400 g/d
Milk production - state specific values as provided by Department of Animal
Husbandry, Government of India
Cattle Indigenous Adult body weight- 250 kg
Growth potential- 200 g/d
Milk production- state specific values as provided by Department of Animal
Husbandry, Government of India
Sheep & goat 90% of the population under extensive system with no concentrate
supplementation
10% of the population under semi intensive system with 25% concentrate
supplementation.
Dry matter requirement - 3% of the body weight.
Poultry Only Only commercial broilers and layers have been considered based on the feed
conversion ration and assuming 3.5 and 4.0 kg of feed per broiler and layer
respectively.
Equines, mules, Horses,
donkeys, Camels
2% dry matter intake

Schematic representation of FEEDBASE
Crop data Land use Livestock census
Production of cereals,
pulses, oilseeds
& others
Area under cropped area,
forests, pastures, fallows
etc.,
Extractionrates
Harvestindex
Biomass
Productivity
Potential feed resources available
Crop
residues
GreenConcentrate
s
Numbersage
wiseand
productivity
Cattle, buffalo. sheep. goat,
equines, camels, yak, mithun,
pigs, commercial poultry,
Feed requirements
Crop
residues
Green
s
Concentrate
Feed balance
Adequate
Surplus Deficit
Protein Energy Protein Energy

Main screen of FEEDBASE – Feed distribution

Feed availability information in tabular form

Animal distribution – species and category wise

Feed availability information in spatial (GISMap) form

Feed Resources and Livestock Census – Ethiopian Assumptions
Agenda
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 Pasture (grazing lands):
• Communal pastures, rangelands
• Managed pastures
 Cultivated forages:
• Grasses (annuals, perennials)
• Legumes (annuals, perennials)
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Major Feed resources in Ethiopia
 Crop residues:
• Stover (maize, sorghum)
• Straw (wheat, barley, teff)
• Haulms (pulses, legumes)
 Concentrates
▪ Agro-industrial byproducts:
• Mill byproducts
• Oil seed cakes
▪ Compound feeds
Major feed resources

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Major feed resources: relative importance by type and Region
Amhara
Tigray
Oromia
SNNP
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Amhara
Tigray
Oromia
SNNP

Doc ID
LastModifiedPrinted
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Feed balance sheet, in million tons of DM feed, by Region
Region
TLU, feed
requirements
Estimated feed
stock
Balance Deficit
Oromia 47.1 37.5 -9.6 -20%
Amhara 31.8 23.6 -8.1 -26%
SNNP 21.5 17.7 -3.8 -17%
Tigray 9.7 5.2 -4.4 -46%

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• Overall regional feed balance is negative
• Feed resources are not uniformly distributed
• Certain feeds are abundant somewhere but scarce elsewhere
• Feed resources are mis-utilized and wasted
• Generally there is lack of information on feed supply and consequently on
feed balance
Lessons Learnt

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Development of an interactive feed supply – demand balance sheet tool
Strategic Interventions
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• Discussion was made with ILRI to adopt FeedBase tool
• ATA organized the collection of data from two districts of
each region (feed resources, livestock number) to help
jumpstart the tool
• ILRI has engaged a consultant to develop the tool
• A demo has been developed by the consultant
• Now collecting data from at least 15 - 20 districts of each
region to pilot the software

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Area coverage at district level, productivity at zonal level from CSA then get
crop yield
Crop Type Area
Grain
Yield
Crop
residue Grain Bran/husk Oil cake
Maize 2 0.04 - -
Wheat 1.5 0.04 0.08
Barely 1.5 0.04 - -
Teff 1.5 0.04 - -
Sorghum 2.5 0.04 - -
Rice 1.5 0.04 - -
Oats 1.3 0.04 0.08
Millet 1.2 0.04 - -
Faba Bean 1.2 0.03 - -
Pea 1.2 0.03 0.02
Haricoat bean 1.2 0.03 - -
Grass pea 1.2 0.03 - -
Chickpea 1.2 0.03 0.02 -
Lentils 1.2 0.03 0.02 -
Common vetch 1 0.03 - -
Nuge 2.00 - - 0.65
Linseed 1.00 - - 0.65
Rapeseed 2.00 - - 0.6
Soybean 0.17 - - 0.65
Sesame 4 - - 0.6
Groundnut 4 - - 0.6
Cotton Seed 4 - - 0.05
Sunflower 4 - - 0.6
Crop Type Area Grain Yield Crop residue Grain Bran/husk
Sweet potato 0.3 - -
Potato 0.3 - -
Taro 0.3 - -
Enset leaves 0.1 - -
Cabbage 0.30 - -
Eth Cale 0.30 - -
Onion 0.30 - -
Carrot 0.30 - -
Beetroot 0.30 - -
Tomato 0.30 - -
Cali flower 0.30 - -
Head cabbage 0.30 - -
Papaye 0.30 - -
Banana 0.80 - -
Avocado 0.30 - -
Mango 0.30 - -
Fenugreek 1.2 - -
Sugar cane
tops
0.2
- -
Mollases - - - -
Fish
byproducts - - - -
Brewery dried
grain - - - -
Crop residue and concentrate is calculated from grain yield

Production level assumptions
Concentrate feeds
Item Amhara
Brewery dried grain Factory estimates
Fish offal A kilo of fish has 65% offal, the offal
has 50% DM
Molasses Factory estimates

Total yield calculated from area coverage x regional conversion factors (ton/ha)
Grazing and cultivated forage
Grazing Forage Resources Area Total yield
Grazing Land Communal
Grazing land Private
Wetland
Rangeland
Area closure
Forest or Wood land
Fallow land
Cultivated forage Area Total biomass
Major grass species (Desho, elephant,
Panicum, Rhodes, Oats)
Herbaceous legumes (lablabd, Vetch,
cowpea, alfalfa)
MPFTs (tree lucerne, Sesbnia,
peagenon pea, Leucaenia)
Herbaceous legumes under sown (e.g.,
cowpea, lablab
Irrigated herbaceous legumes
Irrigated grasses
Grazing feed resources Cultivated feed resources

Livestock numbers taken from districts and age categorization is based on the
zonal proportion of CSA
Livestock census
Species Breed Lactating Age Sex Number BW (kg) ADG (g/d)
Milk yield
(l/d)
Lactation
length
Cattle - - < 1 yr Female 115 400 - -
Cattle - - 1-3 yr Female 200 350 - -
Cattle - - > 3 yr Female 250 200 - -
Cattle - - < 1 yr Male 115 400 - -
Cattle - - 1-3 yr Male 200 350 - -
Cattle - - > 3 yr Male 250 200 - -
Cattle Indigenous milking 1-3 yr Female 250 350 1.5 210
Cattle Indigenous milking > 3 yr Female 250 200 1.5 210
Cattle Indigenous Dry 1-3 yr Female 250 350 1.5 210
Cattle Indigenous Dry > 3 yr Female 250 200 1.5 210
Cattle Cross milking 1-3 yr Female 350 500 7 240
Cattle Cross milking > 3 yr Female 350 250 7 240
Cattle Cross Dry 1-3 yr Female 350 500 7 240
Cattle Cross Dry > 3 yr Female 350 250 7 240
Sheep - - < 1 yr - 12 90 - -
Sheep - - 1-3 yr - 20 70 - -
Sheep - - > 3 yr - 25 70 - -
Goat - - < 1 yr - 12 80 - -
Goat - - 1-3 yr - 20 65 - -
Goat - - > 3 yr - 25 60 - -
Donkey - - - - 125 - - -
Horse - - - - 200 - - -
Mule - - - - 175 - - -
Chicken - - - - 2 - - -
Camel - - - - 250 - - -

Feed Balance
Balance
• The software will provide feed balance in terms of
• DM
• ME
• CP

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Thank you!!