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Gaps in veterinary service delivery
Solomon Gizaw
HEARD Project Stakeholder Workshop−PPP Models for Veterinary
Service Delivery, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 20 June 2019

Introduction - Veterinary service delivery
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
CAHWs LEA Trad. Healer Drug shop Private vet Official vet Kebele AHA
Access to veterinary services
Somali Amhara Orromia
May
include
illegal
sources

0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
Always Sometimes Not
available
Always Sometimes Not
available
Always Sometimes Not
available
Access to cattle vaccination Access to small ruminant
vaccination
Access to chicken vaccination
Availability of vaccination service

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
CAHWs AHA (kebele) LEA Trad.healer Drug shop Private vet Official vet
SATISFACTION OF LIVESTOCK KEEPERS
Accessibility, affordability, quality, timeliness
Oromia Amhara Somali
Overall satisfaction: Oromia = 5.8, Amhara = 7.0, Somali = 6.6

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
CAHWs AHA (kebele) LEA Trad.healer Drug shop Private vet Official vet
Accessibility Affordability Quality Timeliness

Policy/institutional gaps:
 Low Policy makers’ attention to the sector
 Weak Legal and regulatory frameworks
 Illegal drug trade, drug abuse, drug sale without prescription
o Inconsistent Vaccination strategy, Vaccinations service delivery is not based
on schedule
o Limited extension service on animal diseases and veterinary services
o Poor disease reporting system (poor quality report, interrupted report, low
report rate)
 lack of incentives for professionals and other service providers

• The private sector promised to participate in vaccination
campaigns but did not materialize (Somali)
• Absence of drug quality control (random check required)
• Project-based interventions not sustained (e.g. LVC-PPD
vaccination)
• Factors affecting economic competitiveness of businesses:
• Low drug price in open markets (and high prices in drug stores),
• Low price in government stores
• Irresponsible practices by some businesses

• Lack of support from the government to the private sector
(trainings, refreshment course, experience sharing, credit)

Poor sectoral coordination:
• Poor coordination between sectors, institutes
• Regional and federal veterinary service delivery.
• Ministry of agriculture and ministry of health
• Universities and Research Institutes
• NGOs and Government organization,
• The private sector and the public sector

Capacity (skills, practices/ethics, supplies)
 Limitations in skills among both professional and
paraprofessional service providers
 Lab diagnostic service mostly unavailable
 Poor access to inputs (drugs in quantity, quality, variety and
affordability).
 Services are mainly for vaccination, other services limited
 Limited availability of Poultry vaccines on market, and most
products are in large packs (500 doses, suited for extensive
farming system only)

Misconduct/malpractices
• Farmer prescription (depends on amount he/she affords to
spend), leading to drug resistance
• Misconduct of practitioners (drugs sold without prescription,
not enough information for drugs sold (administration, dose)
• Lack of awareness of pastoralists on drug use (resistance)
• Professionals and CAHWs practicing without license
• Lack of ethical practices by some professionals
• CAHWs training neighbors/relatives (no many farmers do
injections, …)

• Absence of farm gate clinic service
• Shortage of affordable or reasonable price of animal feed and drugs
• Lack of accessible veterinary clinic service
• Lack of quality lab service
• Challenges in accessing affordable feed and drug
• Limitations in training of CAHWs for accessible service delivery

This work is financed by
LIST FUNDERS (eg ACIAR, DFID…).
It is implemented in a partnership with
MENTION MAJOR PARTNERS.
It contributes to the CGIAR Research Program on
NAME (NO number).”
Acknowledgements

This presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
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ILRI thanks all donors and organizations which globally support its work through their contributions
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