Livestock for healthy lives
Delia Grace
ILRI@40 Livestock and healthy lives workshop
Addis Ababa, 7 November 2014

Agriculture imposes large burdens on
human health
Emerging
Food borne
Malnutrition
Zoonoses
Malaria
Three million deaths a year are agriculture associated
One quarter of all deaths from infection are agriculture associated
Almost all of these occur in developing countries

Burden of over-nutrition now exceeds burden
of under-nutrition

1. Food Safety
– Risks in informal markets (ILRI)
– Mycotoxins (ICRISAT, IFPRI, IITA, ILRI (CIMMYT))
2. Emerging infectious disease
– Rift Valley fever, Ebola, MERS, avian influenza
– Intensification, irrigation, urbanization, climate change
3. Neglected zoonoses
– Parasitic zoonoses
– NTD
Agriculture associated disease

Zoonoses and FBD kill 2.2 million a year
• 2.4 billion people sick
• 2.2 million people dead
• more than 1 in 7 animals affected
Zoonoses & FBD cost $84 billion a year
• $9 billion in lost productivity
• $25 billion in animal mortality
• $50 billion in human health costs
Zoonoses and FBD are the most important
problem with an ag solution

6
Emerging infectious diseases 1940-2012

Evidence that counts
7

Evidence for ag. associated diseases
8

Intensification, urbanisation

Technologies for change
10
• Disease resistant animals
• Vaccines
• Rapid diagnostics
• Biocontrol for aflatoxins

Impact at scale
11

Informal markets have a major role in food
security and safety
Benefits of wet
markets
Cheap food,
Fresh food,
Food from local breeds,
Better taste (hard chicken)
Accessible,
Small amounts sold (kidogo)
Sellers are trusted,
Credit may be provided
(results from PRAs with consumers in
Safe Food, Fair Food project)
Wet market milk Supermarket
milk
Most common
price /litre
56 cents One dollar
HH where infants
consume daily
67% 65%
HH which boil milk 99% 79%
Survey in supermarkets and wet markets in Nairobi in 2014
>60% of consumers’ don’t
trust govt. label

• Branding & certification of milk
vendors in Kenya & Guwahti,
Assam led to improved milk safety.
• It benefited the national economy
by $33 million per year in Kenyan
and $6 million in Assam
• 70% of traders in Assam and 24%
in Kenya are currently registered
• 6 milllion consumers in Kenya and
1.5 million in Assam are benefiting
from safer milk
Towards impact at scale

Path 2: leverage points for food safety
Kenya dairy
•1 million Kenyan smallholders keep Africa’s largest dairy herd
•Most Kenyans drink milk (100-140 kg per year)
•86% of milk sold through informal sector
•28,000 traders
•9 branches
•1 association (KDTA), 1 regulator (KDB)
Assam dairy
•Kamrup is the capital district of Assam (n=23 districts)
•Population 1.6 million: most consume dairy products
•97% of milk sold through informal sector
•550 traders
•1 association
•5 govt regulators brought together in one committee

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