Baseline survey on ~3,000 cows.

Objective: quantify production and productivity levels and capture farmer and cow characteristics that are invariant

Will also include survey input and services suppliers.

Longitudinal survey (each farm surveyed every 2 months)

Focus Group Discussion

Objective: farmers’ assessment on breed and provide avenue to provide feedbacks to farmers

Snp assays data of ~ 2,000 cows to determine their breed composition

In each site, 31 randomly selected “clusters” of 5 farmers on average

Selected famers keep at least 2 lactating (or in- calf) cows/ heifers, either cross or pure breed; but no more than 10 heads of cattle

Cow characteristics: age, breed, parity

Milk production at peak; at time of survey

Reproduction and fertility data

Feed

Breeding services

Animal health services

Cost- benefit analysis data

Put some $ figures on all benefits and costs

Capture non-market benefits (e.g. cattle as store of wealth)

Risk- to derive risk-adjusted net revenues. Different genotypes generate different risk levels (e.g. mortality, seasonality).

Livelihood and gender:

intra-household allocation of benefits and “costs” (labor in particular)

gender- disaggregated data, including preference for genotypes

Access and use of breeding services