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Michael B. Toth
R.B. Toth Associates
mbt@rbtoth.com

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Access to Previously Unseen

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IIIF Use Cases
o A manuscript that has been disbound and is now separated across
different institutions, some of which have digitized their leaves.
o An important diary that has had multiple digitizations over time as
technology improves, any of which should be available to the user
to compare.
o A manuscript where different, multi-spectral images of a single
page, taken for the text reconstruction, are available to be
displayed.
o A letter where pages are known to have existed, but have been
lost or still exist but are too fragile to digitize without destroying
them.

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Narrowband
Spectral Imaging
Papyrus at John
Rylands Library,
University of
Manchester

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“Different, Multi-Spectral Images
of a Single Page”

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Image Processing

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Spectral Image Product
© Copyright St. Catherine's Monastery of the Sinai
A

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Different Processed Images
for Different User Needs

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88r2
1 πὸ τοῦ Β ἐπὶ τὸ Κ ἐυθεῖα ἄχθω
2 και ἐπεζεύχθωσαν αἱ ΒΚ καὶ
3 ΚΑ ΚΛ ἴσας ποιοῦσαι γωνίας.
4 γεγράφθω δὲ καὶ κέντρῶι τῶι
5 Κ περιφέρειά τις ἁ ΞΟΠ ἐν τῶι
6 ἐπιπέδωι καὶ ἐν τῶι ὑγρῶις. τὰ
7 δὴ μέρη τοῦ ὑγροῦ τὰ κατὰ τᾶς
8 ΞΟΠ περιφερείας ἐξ ἴσου τε κεί
9 μενα καὶ συνεχόμενα ἀλλήλοις.
10 θλίβονται τὸ μὲν κατὰ τὴν ΞΟ
11 περιφέρειαν τῶι ὑγρῶι τῶι κα
12 τὰ τὸν ΞΒΑ τόπον, τὰ δὲ κατὰ
13 τὰν ΠΟ περιφέρειαν τῶι ὑγρῶι
14 τῶι κατὰ τὸν ΠΟ ΒΛ τόπον. ἴσσσον
15 οὖν θλίβονται τὰ μέρη τοῦ ὑγροῦ
16 τὰ κατὰ τὰν ΞΟ περιφέρειαν
“Different Multi-Spectral Images”
Archimedes Palimpsest

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“Pages Are Known To Have Existed”

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“Multiple Digitizations…
as Technology Improves”

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“Multiple Digitizations…
as Technology Improves”

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“Text Reconstruction”

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David Livingstone Diaries
http:/ / www.livingstoneonline.org

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“Known to have Existed”
Mummy Cartonnage
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/dh/projects/deepimaging

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“Technology Improves”
Multispectral – All
X-ray Fluorescence Analysis/Scanning – SSRL
X-ray MicroCT Imaging – Berkeley ALS
Spectral Domain Optical CT – Duke Eye Center

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St. Catherine’s Monastery, Sinai
http:/ / sinaipalimpsests.org/

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“Different, Multi-Spectral Images
of a Single Page”

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“Disbound & Separated”
Syriac Galen Palimpsest

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Privately owned,
Harvard,
BnF,
Sinai,
BAV
Images
under
Creative
Commons License
http://digitalgalen.net/

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Imaging Program Standards

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Imaging Metadata
Six Types of Metadata Elements:
1. Identification Information
2. Spatial Data Reference Information
3. Imaging & Spectral Data Reference Information
4. Data Type Information
5. Data Content Information
6. Metadata Reference Information
(including Extensions)
http://archimedespalimpsest.net/Documents/Internal/Image_Metadata_Standard.pdf

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Metadata With jsons

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Simple Data Structure
ReadMe
Technical
ReadMe
Data
Supplemental
Access
Core Images
Access
Other
Images

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Simple Data Structure
ReadMe
Technical
ReadMe
Data
Supplemental
Access
Other
Images

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Large Data Sets

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Large Data Sets

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Image Access & Sharing

Fragmentarium is:
• Fragmentarium is a scholarly network for
medieval manuscript fragments
Fragmentarium will provide:
• A basis for digital fragment research
• An open-source web application to
upload, catalogue and assemble
fragments
• The possibility to create an international
inventory of medieval manuscript
fragments
Team:
• Christoph Flüeler (Principal Investigator;
e-codices) Sylviane Messerli (Project
Director)
Veronika Drescher & Martin Wünsche
(PhD students)
• Web application: text & bytes LLC
Sponsors:
• Swiss National Science Foundation;
Stavros Niarchos Foundation; Zeno Karl
Schindler Foundation
A project coordinated by the
Medieval Institute of the University
of Fribourg (Switzerland).
Partners:
– Bayerische Staatsbibliothek,
Munich
– Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana
– Bibliothèque nationale de France,
Paris, together with the
BIBLISSIMA team for excellence
– Bodleian Library, together with St.
Edmund Hall, University of Oxford
– Center for History and
Palaeography – National Bank of
Greece Cultural Foundation,
Athens
– Harvard University Library,
Cambridge MA, together with the
Medieval Academy of America
– The Schøyen Collection, Oslo and
London
– Österreichische Nationalbibliothek,
Vienna
– Stanford University Libraries
– Stiftsbibliothek, St. Gallen
– The British Library, London
– Università degli Studi di Cassino e
del Lazio meridionale
– Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig
– Herzog-August-Bibliothek,
WolfenbüttelSt. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod.
Sang. 635, Spine

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http://dorpdev.library.upenn.edu/collation/Galen/Galen/Galen-8.html

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“It’s likely to be a central text once it’s fully deciphered,” said
Dr. Pormann of the University of Manchester. “We might
discover things we really can’t dream of yet.”
IIIF Spectral Case Study?

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www.rbtoth.com
mbt@rbtoth.com
@michabt
Follow Eureka!
Medieval Manuscripts
on the Web
digitalgalen.net
Thank You
sinaipalimpsests.org (future)
archimedespalimpsest.net
livingstone.library.ucla.edu/1871diary