Communities Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade session six

Communities Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade session six
Communities Combatting Illegal Wildlife Trade Online Learning Event Series Event 6 of 7 ©PhilipJ.Briggs
Highlights from Session 5 ©PhilipJ.Briggs
IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER TOC A. B. C. D. COMMUNITY TOC A. B. C. D. 3b. CONSTRUCT IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER TOC 4a. COMMUNITY FIELDWORK 5. FEEDBACK WORKSHOP KEY STAKEHOLDER INTERVIEWS 4b. CONSTRUCT COMMUNITY TOC A. B. C. D. BASELINE TOC 3a. IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER INTERVIEW 1. SCREENING / SCOPING 2. INCEPTION WORKSHOP 6. COMMUNICATE LESSONS LEARNED 7. MONITOR & ADAPT
IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER TOC A. B. C. D. Decreased pressure on species from illegal wildlife trade COMMUNITYTOC A. B. D.C. BASELINE TOC A. B. C. D. Decreased pressure on species from illegal wildlife trade
IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER TOC A. B. C. D. Decreased pressure on species from illegal wildlife trade COMMUNITYTOC A. B. D.C. BASELINE TOC A. B. C. D. Decreased pressure on species from illegal wildlife trade PROCESS
Exploration of pathways and their assumptions by focus group
YOUTH Tangible: • Employment (scouts) • Tourism • Scholarships / bursaries • selling of beadwork Intangible • Conserve for future generations • Wildlife supports a healthy environment • elephants shake the tree and share the pods with the other animals • lions manage the population of ungulates, allowing grass to be used by livestock • seed dispersal
Iterative validation
Pathway ranking by focus group
Whole community meeting
Wildlife-Based Livelihoods Women Tangible: • Bursaries • Selling fruits and vegetables to camps • Beadwork • Tourism marketplace Men Tangible: • Money to educate children • Employment (scouts, guides) • Beadwork • Honey • Fruits to tourism facilities • Tourism and research camps Intangible • Grazing for livestock • Security • Healthy environment Youth Tangible: • Employment (scouts) • Tourism • Scholarships / bursaries • Selling of beadwork Intangible • Conserve for future generations • Wildlife supports a healthy environment • elephants shake the tree and share the pods with the other animals • lions manage the population of ungulates, allowing grass to be used by livestock • seed dispersal
There are legal markets for wildlife and wildlife products (e.g. including tourism) WOMEN MEN YOUTH Disagree: • There is demand for some products, but we, as a community, do not wish to engage in it because it will destroy the habitat. Strongly disagree: • Viewing tourism is possible, but not much else. • People can use some resources (medicinal plants) for themselves but not sell to others. • There is no legal domestic market for wildlife - if # of wildlife in conservancy grows, we can give to others but not sell. Strongly agree: • Research and tourism markets
Women PathwayB – Wildlife-basedbenefits Men Youth Legal markets exist
Group discussions (within and among focus groups)
Pathway Ranking across Focus Groups 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Pathway A Pathway B Pathway C Pathway D Women Men Youth
Whole community pathway ranking
Stakeholder analysis Stakeholder information For each stakeholder, mark whether they have knowledge (K), authority (A) or influence (I) on each category Scale Notes Contact name Email/phone Interview location Background, context, data Pathway A Pathway B Pathway C Pathway D National Regional Local Practical information Information on area of ToC National Regional Local • Knowledge? • Authority? • Influence?
Key stakeholder interviews • Purpose • Deeper understanding of context at various scales, including status of illegal wildlife trade, benefit flows, legal and institutional framework, etc. • Validation of information coming out of implementer/designer and community processes • Timing • Throughout the process, not just community field work • Take the opportunity of community fieldwork to interview people on site (make sure you build in enough time) • Tools / content • Focus on relevant pathway, e.g. law enforcement professional – focus on Pathway A, lodge owner - focus on Pathway B, etc. • Use ToC Testing tools as a starting place…i.e. series of statements to guide discussion • Ask for documentation (data, maps) where possible
What we will be covering in this session
IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER TOC A. B. C. D. COMMUNITY TOC A. B. C. D. 3b. CONSTRUCT IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER TOC 4a. COMMUNITY FIELDWORK 5. FEEDBACK WORKSHOP KEY STAKEHOLDER INTERVIEWS 4b. CONSTRUCT COMMUNITY TOC A. B. C. D. BASELINE TOC 3a. IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER INTERVIEW 1. SCREENING / SCOPING 2. INCEPTION WORKSHOP 6. COMMUNICATE LESSONS LEARNED 7. MONITOR & ADAPT THIS SESSION
FLoD Methodology Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Reminder of the context for these sessions • Existing projects • A focus on high-value illegal wildlife trade • Based on FLoD Guidance & SAWC materials, which provide much more detail, as well as a number of teaching tools. Session 7 will: • Investigate how the methodology can be adapted to other contexts • Explore the possibility for projectdesign
Methods & tools Methods Tools Meeting • FLoD introductory presentation (Long or short) • FLoD participant consent form • FLoD baseline ToC and assumptions • FLoD implementer/designer ToC • FLoD community ToC Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Resources required Resource Needed Personnel • At least two core team members, although three is preferred • Local language interpreter Materials • Laptop, power, projector, facilitation materials Time • Preparation: 2 days • Feedback workshop: 2 days • Follow up: 1-2 days Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Objective & Sub-Objectives The objective of Step 5 is to: • Conduct a feedback workshop The sub-objectives are to: • Validate Community ToC • Compare Implementer / Designer and Community ToC • Identify areas of agreement and divergence • Collaborate on ways forward Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Step 5: Feedback Workshop Tasks 1. Validate Community ToC 2. Overview the Community ToC 3. Overview the Implementer / Designer ToC 4. Identify and discuss key differences and similarities 5. Explore and recommend the ways forward
Step 5: Feedback Workshop Tasks 1. Validate Community ToC Community and Implementor / Designers: 2. Overview the Community ToC 3. Overview the Implementer / Designer ToC 4. Identify and discuss key differences and similarities 5. Explore and recommend the ways forward
Step 5: Feedback Workshop Validating the Community ToC • Have we got the story right? • Has anything changed since our visit? COMMUNITYTOC A. B. D.C. FLoD Team Community +
SUSTAINABLE WILDLIFE-BASED LAND USE SECURED . A. Disincentivise illegal killing for IWT C. Decrease the cost living with wildlife Compensation Fencing B. Increase incentives for stewardship Reduced killing of wildlife Reduced land conversion Improved wildlife habitat quality and connectivity Implementation of land use plans More benefits Wildlife remains a viable land use option; communities maintain land under wildlife and continue to support wildlife conservation M Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Overview of Community & Implementor / Designer ToCs FLoD Team + + COMMUNITYTOC A. B. D.C. IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER TOC A. B. C. D. Decreased pressure on species from illegal wildlife trade Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Identification and discussion on key differences and similarities FLoD TeamCommunity + + Implementer / Designer Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Identification and discussion on key differences and similarities IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER TOC A. B. C. D. Decreased pressure on species from illegal wildlife trade COMMUNITYTOC A. B. D.C. Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Identification and discussion on key differences and similarities Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Identification and discussion on key differences and similarities Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Explore and recommend the ways forward FLoD TeamCommunity + + Implementer / Designer + Other stakeholders: policy influencers, tourism operators Current / potential donors Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Outputs By the end of Step 5, you should have the following outputs: • Validated Community ToC; • Key areas of difference and similarity between implementer/designer and community ToC and • Ideas and recommendations for the ways forward Step 5: Feedback Workshop
Questions & Comments ©MicahConway
FLoD Methodology Step 6: Communicate Lessons Learned
Objectives The objectives of Step 6 could include: • Consolidating information • Communicating information to stakeholders at various scales • Community • Implementer/Designer • Donors • Government agencies • Partners and other stakeholders • Etc. • Influencing national policy • Contributing to influencing international policy Depends on the objectives of your implementation of FLoD Step 6: Communicate Lessons Learned
Outputs The outputs of Step 6 could include: • A resource for the community and implementers / designers as they move forward with activities on the ground • Fact sheets • Case studies • Policy briefs • Case study on People not Poaching • Journal articles • Revised project implementation plans Again – it depends on the objectives of your implementation of FLoD Step 6: Communicate Lessons Learned
We’d like to hear from you! Please share with us your experiences implementing FLoD Step 6: Communicate Lessons Learned Submit case study to www.peoplenotpoaching.org holly.dublin@gmail.com leo.niskanen@iucn.org skinner.diane@gmail.com dilys.roe@iied.org
Submitting a case study is easy! Download this template from the People not Poaching website or email olivia.wilsonholt@iied.org I am happy to help! Step 6: Communicate Lessons Learned
FLoD Methodology Step 7: Monitor & Adapt
2.2 Implement Actions 2.1 Plan Actions Transition Zone Ownership transfer 2.3 Evaluate Actions 3.2 Implement Actions 3.4 Re- contextualize & Reconstruct 3.3 Evaluate Actions And on… 3.1 Re-contextualize & Plan New Actions Contextualize & Re-construct Source: Modified from Rowe (2016) A. B. C. D. Decreased pressure on species from illegal wildlife trade Baseline ToC Adaptive process FLoD Team Collective ownership Step 7: Monitor & Adapt
So What?
General community feedback Helped us: • Learn how we needed more women and youth represented on the committees, at meetings, and in employment • Understand that we had been talking to a very narrow group of leaders and there was a lot of the resistance in the population to forming the conservancy • Build a common theory of change that involves the community • Understand the importance of politics in conservation • Understand that we did not have sustainable funding for the Conservancy • Demystify the “expert” mentality (building a common ground for wildlife protection) • Develop a framework for our planning & implementation purposes
Subsequent Actions by Pathway
Increase disincentives for participation in IWT ✓ Additional rangers to effectively combat illegal wildlife trade ✓ Patrol vehicle and one motorbike purchased ✓ Engaging communities to discourage traditional killings
Increase incentives for wildlife stewardship ✓ Employed more women and have regular women’s meetings ✓ Cultural boma entry fee increased from $20 to $25 per client ✓ Engaged one more investor who is putting up tented camp ✓ Brought two new tourism partners into the area, to help fund expansion of the conservancy ✓ Education scholarship introduced currently has four fully sponsored students ✓ Built two classrooms and a new school ✓ Rental fee increased from $300 to $450 per member per year
Decrease cost of living with wildlife ✓ Electric fence established and completed to separated agricultural land from conservancy ✓ Consolation program received a major boost ✓ Visiting affected people from injuries to death to console them ✓ Quick response to incidents whenever they occur by community members and the wildlife authority ✓ Moved community living within the Conservancy to inside the electric fence
Increase non-wildlife- based livelihoods ✓ Introduction of quality breeding bulls to conservancy members ✓ Heard and responded to community concerns regarding the “conservancy cattle herd” plan ✓Community became aware of all the many non-wildlife-based livelihoods they actually had access to and it provided new ideas for exploiting these opportunities
What has the FLoD team learned?
The FLoD approach does… • Enhance the FLoD team’s understanding of: − The specific context, design, structure and implementation approach of a project • Enhance the understanding of the project implementers, the communities and the FLoD team of: − The implicit ToCs of both communities and implementers (and differences between them) − The reasons for success and failure of any particular project • Facilitate communication amongst community members and between the community and project implementers, providing a forum for the community to be ‘heard’ and to hear one another
The FLoD approach can… • Improve project implementation • Enhance achievement of outcomes / impacts • Provide lessons for: • Other projects • Local, national, regional and international policy makers • Enhance the impact of the global wildlife crime response
Communities Combatting Illegal Wildlife Trade Final Comments or Questions?
Thank you for joining today ©PhilipJ.Briggs

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