IHST - SMS in Small Operations

I
SMS in Small Ops
A Case Study

Sonya Tietjen
MSc, Aviation Safety Management
City University London

1
Outline
• Project Management
• “SMS Kickstart” Project

2
Project Management
• History
• Methodology

3
Pioneers

Frederick Taylor

Henry Gantt

(1856-1915)

(1861-1919)

W. Edwards
Deming (1900-1993)

Walter Shewhart
(1891-1967)

4
Myth
“We don’t have a lot of projects here”

5
Project
“a temporary endeavour undertaken
to create a unique product, service
or result”
(Project Management Institute)

6
What is a Project?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Day-to-Day operations
Begins with an idea
Prioritised, scoped & planned
Executed
Monitored and measured
Transitioned to operations
Closed
7
Project Management
“the application of knowledge, skills,
tools, and techniques to project
activities to meet the project
requirements”
(Project Management Institute)

8
Project Managers
Training: Knowledge Areas
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Integration Management
Scope Management
Time Management
Cost Management
Quality Management
Human Resource Management
Communications Management
Risk Management
Procurement Management

9
Project Planning
• What do you have?
• What do you need?
• How do you get there?
• Lessons Learned
1
0
What do you ‘have’?
• System Description
– Model of the Organisation
– Interfaces of functional areas

• Completed by SMEs
– Change management
– Hazard/Threat ID
– Gaps & Redundancies
1
1
System Description
•
•
•
•

Identifies functional areas
Identifies interfaces
Facilitates hazard/threat ID
Allows coordinated responses

1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
Components to System

1
6
Requirements / Gap Analysis

1
7
Programme Management
“The process of managing several
related projects, often with the
intention of improving organizational
performance”
(Project Management Institute)

1
8
Lies, damn lies,
and statistics
• Standish Group
- Chaos Report
– 31.1% of IT projects cancelled before
completion
– 52.7% of completed projects cost over
their original estimates
– 1 in 8: The number of projects that can
be considered successful
1
9
Centre for Business
Practices (2009)
• 100 top companies
• implemented project management methodology
• Improvements:
–
–
–
–

50% in project/process execution,
54% in financial performance,
38% in customer satisfaction
30% in employee satisfaction

2
0
Change Management
• 1995 – John Kotter
– 30% change programs are successful

• 2007 – McKinsey & Company
– 30% change programs are successful

2
1
Types of Changes
1. Organisational Change
•

New people, roles, company structure,
etc.

2. Technology
•

new a/c type, construction, new tools,
etc.

3. Human Change
•

Personal, emotional, group dynamics.
2
2
How Accidents Happen
Organization

Th
re
at
s

Technology
Humans

(Modified from James Reason)
2
3
Organisational Change
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Commitment from the senior executive team
Strategic planning and project management
Appropriate resources (right people on the team)
Understanding and support by managers
Embraced by frontline staff
It is the frontline staff who will
execute the change.
- especially in the case of an SMS -

2
4
Technological Change
• Intro of Type / Entry into Service
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Training
Approvals
Documentation
Procurement
Modifications
Quality Planning
Staff levels
Spares, Tooling, License
Timescales, Communication
…and so on

2
5
Change Response - People
•
•
•
•

Deteriorating communication
Drop in productivity
Less teamwork
Less focus on customers and
competitors
• Reduction in morale
• Turnover
2
6
Scope

SOPs

ANNEX 1-19*
(SARPs)
Contracts
SOP

ICAO

Regulations
States
•UK CAA
•EASA
•FAA
•TCCA

Service
Providers
•Aerodrome
•AOC
•ATC
•ATO
•MRO
•OEM

2
7
Helivia Aero Taxi
•
•
•
•
•

2x 76C+ (1x offshore & 1x VIP)
Next 76C+ arriving November
Increasing ~3 aircraft/year
Currently flying adhoc
Tendering starts ~end of year
2
8
SMS Kick-Start Project

Applying Project Management best practice and Agile methodology,
allowing flexibility to plan and implement elements according to
priorities, risk level, and resources.
2
9
0 Project Initiation
0.1 Project Charter

0.2 Policy (ies)

• Project Outline

• SMS

• Resources

• Just Culture

• Stakeholders
• Scope
• Justification
• Risks
• Commitment

3
0
3
1
Project Structure
SMS Requirements

SMS Planning

1.0 SMS Manual

1.0 SMS Manual

2.0 SMS Data

2.0 SMS Data

3.0 Quality Programme

3.0 Quality Programme

4.0 Risk Management

4.0 Risk Management

5.0 Emergency Response

5.0 Emergency Response

6.0 Flight Data Monitoring

6.0 Flight Data Monitoring

7.0 Communication

7.0 Communication

8.0 Admin Management

8.0 Admin Management

3
2
1.0 SMS Manual
Requirements
1.2 Document Structure
1.3 Organisation Structure
1.4 Template

Planning

Implementation

1.5 SMS Manual

1.7 Document Approval

1.6 Compliance Procedures

1.8 SMS Training
1.9 Quality Assurance
3
3
3
4
2.0 SMS Data
Requirements
2.1 Requirements
2.2 Market Research
2.3 Gap Analysis

Planning

Implementation

2.4 Implementation Plan

2.7 Rollout

2.5 Data Management Plan

2.8 Monitor / Measure

2.6 Safety Performance Ind.
3
5
3.0 Quality Programme
Requirements
3.1 Resource Training
3.2 Audit List*

* System Description

Planning

Implementation

3.3 Audit Schedule

3.4 Internal Audits
3.5 Vendor Audits
3.6 Monitor / Measure
3
6
4.0 Risk Management
Requirements
4.1 System Description
4.2 Tool Selection
4.3 Hazard Log / Risk Profile

Planning

Implementation

4.4 Risk Assessments

4.7 Control Implementation

4.5 Mitigations / Controls

4.8 Monitor / Measure

4.6 Gap Analysis
3
7
5.0 Emergency Response
Requirements
5.1 ERP Manual
5.2 Gap Analysis

Planning

Implementation

5.3 Resources / Training

5.6 Drills / Exercises

5.4 Exercise Planning

5.7 Monitor / Measure

5.5 Document Completion
3
8
6.0 Flight Data Monitoring
Requirements
6.1 Market Research
6.2 IT Requirements*

* In-house System

6.3 System Selection

Planning

Implementation

6.4 A/C Tech Plan

6.7 Software Set Up *

6.5 FDM Policy / Procedures

6.8 A/C Installation

6.6 Training

6.9 Monitor / Measure
3
9
4
0
7.0 Communication
Requirements
7.1 Stakeholder ID
7.2 Tools Review

Planning

Implementation

7.3 Policy & Procedures

7.6 Production

7.4 Committee Formation

7.7 Distribution

7.5 Scheduling

7.8 Monitor / Measure
4
1
8.0 Human Resources
Requirements
8.1 Human Resources
8.2 Gap Analysis

Planning

Implementation

8.3 Job Descriptions

8.6 Documentation

8.4 Performance Mgmt

8.7 Training

8.5 Career Planning

8.8 Monitor / Measure
4
2
Training

Quality
• Lead Auditor

SMS

• Internal Auditor

• SMS Programme
• Human Factors
• Just Culture
• Accident Investigation
• Safety Reporting Software
• Security
Occupational H&S

Emergency Response
• Emergency Management
•Go Team
• Family Assistance
• Business Continuity
• Exercise Design / Delivery

• First Aid
• Materials Handling
• Fire Extinguisher
• Environmental

Management
• Leadership
• Instructional Skills
• Software / Keyboards
4
3
Documents
Safety Management Manual
A
Emergency
Response

B
Flight Data
Monitoring

C
Health,
Environment,
Safety,
Security

D
Quality
Programme

E
etc.

4
4
Results
• Strengths
– Executive Commitment
– Staff Engagement
– Small Company

• Challenges
–
–
–
–
–
–

SMS Training and Experience
Industry Culture: Action vs Planning
Communication / Coordination
Infrastructure
Requirements
Competition

4
5
To Close
•
•
•
•

Project Management Methodology
Programme Management
Safety Management
Planning and Change
Management

4
6
Thank You

SMS in Small Ops
A Case Study
Sonya Tietjen
Sonya@Tietjen.ca

47
1 of 47

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IHST - SMS in Small Operations

  • 1. SMS in Small Ops A Case Study Sonya Tietjen MSc, Aviation Safety Management City University London 1
  • 2. Outline • Project Management • “SMS Kickstart” Project 2
  • 4. Pioneers Frederick Taylor Henry Gantt (1856-1915) (1861-1919) W. Edwards Deming (1900-1993) Walter Shewhart (1891-1967) 4
  • 5. Myth “We don’t have a lot of projects here” 5
  • 6. Project “a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product, service or result” (Project Management Institute) 6
  • 7. What is a Project? • • • • • • • Day-to-Day operations Begins with an idea Prioritised, scoped & planned Executed Monitored and measured Transitioned to operations Closed 7
  • 8. Project Management “the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements” (Project Management Institute) 8
  • 9. Project Managers Training: Knowledge Areas 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Integration Management Scope Management Time Management Cost Management Quality Management Human Resource Management Communications Management Risk Management Procurement Management 9
  • 10. Project Planning • What do you have? • What do you need? • How do you get there? • Lessons Learned 1 0
  • 11. What do you ‘have’? • System Description – Model of the Organisation – Interfaces of functional areas • Completed by SMEs – Change management – Hazard/Threat ID – Gaps & Redundancies 1 1
  • 12. System Description • • • • Identifies functional areas Identifies interfaces Facilitates hazard/threat ID Allows coordinated responses 1 2
  • 13. 1 3
  • 14. 1 4
  • 15. 1 5
  • 17. Requirements / Gap Analysis 1 7
  • 18. Programme Management “The process of managing several related projects, often with the intention of improving organizational performance” (Project Management Institute) 1 8
  • 19. Lies, damn lies, and statistics • Standish Group - Chaos Report – 31.1% of IT projects cancelled before completion – 52.7% of completed projects cost over their original estimates – 1 in 8: The number of projects that can be considered successful 1 9
  • 20. Centre for Business Practices (2009) • 100 top companies • implemented project management methodology • Improvements: – – – – 50% in project/process execution, 54% in financial performance, 38% in customer satisfaction 30% in employee satisfaction 2 0
  • 21. Change Management • 1995 – John Kotter – 30% change programs are successful • 2007 – McKinsey & Company – 30% change programs are successful 2 1
  • 22. Types of Changes 1. Organisational Change • New people, roles, company structure, etc. 2. Technology • new a/c type, construction, new tools, etc. 3. Human Change • Personal, emotional, group dynamics. 2 2
  • 24. Organisational Change 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Commitment from the senior executive team Strategic planning and project management Appropriate resources (right people on the team) Understanding and support by managers Embraced by frontline staff It is the frontline staff who will execute the change. - especially in the case of an SMS - 2 4
  • 25. Technological Change • Intro of Type / Entry into Service – – – – – – – – – – Training Approvals Documentation Procurement Modifications Quality Planning Staff levels Spares, Tooling, License Timescales, Communication …and so on 2 5
  • 26. Change Response - People • • • • Deteriorating communication Drop in productivity Less teamwork Less focus on customers and competitors • Reduction in morale • Turnover 2 6
  • 28. Helivia Aero Taxi • • • • • 2x 76C+ (1x offshore & 1x VIP) Next 76C+ arriving November Increasing ~3 aircraft/year Currently flying adhoc Tendering starts ~end of year 2 8
  • 29. SMS Kick-Start Project Applying Project Management best practice and Agile methodology, allowing flexibility to plan and implement elements according to priorities, risk level, and resources. 2 9
  • 30. 0 Project Initiation 0.1 Project Charter 0.2 Policy (ies) • Project Outline • SMS • Resources • Just Culture • Stakeholders • Scope • Justification • Risks • Commitment 3 0
  • 31. 3 1
  • 32. Project Structure SMS Requirements SMS Planning 1.0 SMS Manual 1.0 SMS Manual 2.0 SMS Data 2.0 SMS Data 3.0 Quality Programme 3.0 Quality Programme 4.0 Risk Management 4.0 Risk Management 5.0 Emergency Response 5.0 Emergency Response 6.0 Flight Data Monitoring 6.0 Flight Data Monitoring 7.0 Communication 7.0 Communication 8.0 Admin Management 8.0 Admin Management 3 2
  • 33. 1.0 SMS Manual Requirements 1.2 Document Structure 1.3 Organisation Structure 1.4 Template Planning Implementation 1.5 SMS Manual 1.7 Document Approval 1.6 Compliance Procedures 1.8 SMS Training 1.9 Quality Assurance 3 3
  • 34. 3 4
  • 35. 2.0 SMS Data Requirements 2.1 Requirements 2.2 Market Research 2.3 Gap Analysis Planning Implementation 2.4 Implementation Plan 2.7 Rollout 2.5 Data Management Plan 2.8 Monitor / Measure 2.6 Safety Performance Ind. 3 5
  • 36. 3.0 Quality Programme Requirements 3.1 Resource Training 3.2 Audit List* * System Description Planning Implementation 3.3 Audit Schedule 3.4 Internal Audits 3.5 Vendor Audits 3.6 Monitor / Measure 3 6
  • 37. 4.0 Risk Management Requirements 4.1 System Description 4.2 Tool Selection 4.3 Hazard Log / Risk Profile Planning Implementation 4.4 Risk Assessments 4.7 Control Implementation 4.5 Mitigations / Controls 4.8 Monitor / Measure 4.6 Gap Analysis 3 7
  • 38. 5.0 Emergency Response Requirements 5.1 ERP Manual 5.2 Gap Analysis Planning Implementation 5.3 Resources / Training 5.6 Drills / Exercises 5.4 Exercise Planning 5.7 Monitor / Measure 5.5 Document Completion 3 8
  • 39. 6.0 Flight Data Monitoring Requirements 6.1 Market Research 6.2 IT Requirements* * In-house System 6.3 System Selection Planning Implementation 6.4 A/C Tech Plan 6.7 Software Set Up * 6.5 FDM Policy / Procedures 6.8 A/C Installation 6.6 Training 6.9 Monitor / Measure 3 9
  • 40. 4 0
  • 41. 7.0 Communication Requirements 7.1 Stakeholder ID 7.2 Tools Review Planning Implementation 7.3 Policy & Procedures 7.6 Production 7.4 Committee Formation 7.7 Distribution 7.5 Scheduling 7.8 Monitor / Measure 4 1
  • 42. 8.0 Human Resources Requirements 8.1 Human Resources 8.2 Gap Analysis Planning Implementation 8.3 Job Descriptions 8.6 Documentation 8.4 Performance Mgmt 8.7 Training 8.5 Career Planning 8.8 Monitor / Measure 4 2
  • 43. Training Quality • Lead Auditor SMS • Internal Auditor • SMS Programme • Human Factors • Just Culture • Accident Investigation • Safety Reporting Software • Security Occupational H&S Emergency Response • Emergency Management •Go Team • Family Assistance • Business Continuity • Exercise Design / Delivery • First Aid • Materials Handling • Fire Extinguisher • Environmental Management • Leadership • Instructional Skills • Software / Keyboards 4 3
  • 44. Documents Safety Management Manual A Emergency Response B Flight Data Monitoring C Health, Environment, Safety, Security D Quality Programme E etc. 4 4
  • 45. Results • Strengths – Executive Commitment – Staff Engagement – Small Company • Challenges – – – – – – SMS Training and Experience Industry Culture: Action vs Planning Communication / Coordination Infrastructure Requirements Competition 4 5
  • 46. To Close • • • • Project Management Methodology Programme Management Safety Management Planning and Change Management 4 6
  • 47. Thank You SMS in Small Ops A Case Study Sonya Tietjen Sonya@Tietjen.ca 47