Vortrag an der HTW Chur im Seminar "Aktuelle Trends in Bibliothekswissenschaft und -praxis am 3. März 2017 (Standort Zürich). Warum sprechen wir und viele andere Disziplinen z.Zt. von Gemeinschaft und Communities und was die mit Bibliotheken zu tun hat.

1. Community Building als
Aufgabe von Bibliotheken
Hans-Christoph Hobohm
Fachhochschule Potsdam
www.hobohm.info
Twitter: @hobohm
www.linkedin.com/in/hanschristophhobohm/
Aktuelle Trends in Bibliothekswissenschaft und –praxis
Zürich, 3. März 2017

2. Hobohm: Community Building 2
Die Mission einer Bibliothek ist die
Verbesserung der Gesellschaft durch die
Förderung vonWissensgenerierung in der
Community.

3. Hobohm: Community Building
Definition von Bibliothek (Umstätter)
„Wir sollten daher bei der Definition der Bibliothek verdeutlichend
hinzufügen: Die Bibliothek ist eine Einrichtung, die unter archivarischen,
ökonomischen und synoptischen Gesichtspunkten publizierte Information
für die Benutzer sammelt, ordnet und verfügbar macht, um die Schöpfung
neuen Wissens zu erleichtern („facilitating knowledge creation“).
Es geht dabei nicht nur um die Leseförderung, sondern um “enlightenment”,
also das was man in Deutschland seit Kant, Goethe, Schiller etc.Aufklärung
nennt – Sapere Aude.Auf der Basis dieses Leitbildes („mission statement“)
sollte es einen Konsens bei den Bibliotheken dieser Welt geben, ganz im
Sinne der NewYork Public Library: “The mission of The NewYork Public
Library is to inspire lifelong learning, advance knowledge, and strengthen
our communities.” Hier wird also nicht das Rad neu erfunden, aber für
deutsche Leser neu beflügelt.“
3
W.UmstätterinInetBibam23.Januar2017

4. Hobohm: Community Building
Was sind Communities?
• Schreiben Sie auf Karten, welche Communities Ihnen einfallen.
• Jeder drei.
4

5. Hobohm: Community Building
KartenabfrageinderKlasse

6. Hobohm: Community Building
„Gemeinschaft“ scheint ein Bedürfnis zu sein.
Zunehmend.

7. Hobohm: Community Building
Zeitdiagnose?
• Beschleunigung. DieVeränderung der Zeitstrukturen in der
Moderne. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2005
• Resonanz. Eine Soziologie der Weltbeziehung. Berlin:
Suhrkamp, 2016
7
2016
Hartmut Rosa
Photo: Uni Jena

8. Hobohm: Community Building
Kultur der Digitalität
• Referenzialität
• Gemeinschaftlichkeit
• Algorithmizität
8
2016
Felix Stalder
(Foto: Ziko van Dijk,
CC BY-SA 3.0)

9. Hobohm: Community Building
Evans,Philip;Forth,Patrick(2015):NavigatingaWorldofDigital
Disruption.Borges'Map.Boston:TheBostonConsultingGroup.

10. Hobohm: Community Building
Andrew Carnegie
(1835 – 1919)
“There is not such a cradle of democracy upon the earth as
the Free Public Library, this republic of letters, where neither
rank, office, nor wealth receives the slightest consideration.”
10

11. Hobohm: Community Building

12. Hobohm: Community Building

13. Hobohm: Community Building
The Mission of Librarians is
to Improve Society through
Facilitating Knowledge
Creation in their
Communities
Knowledge is Created through
Conversation
Conversants
LanguageAgreements Memory
Entailment
Mesh
Cataloging
Relationships
Scapes
Reference
Extract
Artifacts
Source
Amnesia
L1
L0
Boundary
Issues
Pressure for Participation
Free Library of
Philadelphia
Department of
Justice
Importance of a Worldview
Importance of Theory
and Deep Concepts
Longitude
Example
Core Skills
Ambiguity is
Essential for
Professional
Work
LIS Education
Importance of Action and Activism
Service Leadership
Obligation of
Leadership
Innovation
versus
Entrepreneurship
Means of Facilitation
AccessKnowledge
Environment
Motivation
ExtrinsicIntrinsic
Massive Scale
Evolution of Systems System View
User-Based
Design
User Systems
Gaming Service is not Invisibility
Core Values
Ethics Openness Learning
Intellectual
Freedom and
Safety
Intellectually
Honest not
Unbiased
Internet Model
Example
User
Credibility
Information
Services
Web 2.0
Application
Builders
Open Source
Infrastructure
Providers
TCP-IPEntrepreneuriumWriting CenterMusic Center
Publisher of
Community
True
Facilitation
Means Shared
Ownership
Invest in Tools
of Creation
over Collection
of Artifacts
Shift in
Innovation from
Academy to
Ubiquity
Recognize a
School as a
Participatory
Network
From School to
School of
Thought
Co-Learning
Increase
Friction in the
Process
Every Course
has Symposia
and Practica
Curriculum of Communication
and Change over Traditional
Ideas of Leadership
Need to
Expand the
Educational
Ladder
Bachelor of
Information and
Instructional
Design
Need for an
Executive
Doctorate
Institute for
Advanced
Librarianship
Idea
Avoiding the
Florentine
Dilemma
Vital Roles of
Mentors
Evolution of
Integrated
Library
Systems
Democracy
and Openness
Overshadowed
by Technology
Different
Communities
Librarians
Serve
Public
Academic
Government Special School
Growing
Importance of
Two Way
Infrastructure
School
Information
Management
Systems
Archives
Conversation Theory
Sense-Making
Motivation
Theories
Dialectic
Theories
Learning
Theory
Transition of
Traditional
Skills
Reference
Information
Organization Administration
Information
Seeking
Collection
Development
Community as
Collection
Issues of
Institutional
Repositories
Scholarly
Communications
Go to the
Conversation
Embedded
Librarians
Digital
Environments
Physical
Environments
Hybrid
Environments
Policy Assessment
Mapping
Conversations
Annotations
Limitations of
Tagging
Library
Instruction
Selective
Dissemination
of Information
Meeting
Spaces
Topical Centers
with Curriculum
Postmodernism
Constructivism Public Service
Members not
Patrons or
Users
Shared
Shelves with
the Community
From Authority
to Reliability
Authoritative vs
Authoritarian
Truly
Distributed
Digital Library
Need for an
Expanded
Definition of
Literacy
Social Literacy
Libraries are in the Knowledge
Business therefore the
Conversation Business
Creating an
Agenda
Risks of Data
Death of
Documents
Ability to Work
in
Interdisciplinary
Teams
Relation to
other Domains
Communications
Computer
Science
Humanities Information Science
Getting Past
the L v I
Debate
Creating a New Social
Compact
Evolution of the
Social
Compact
Social Justice
Issues
Innovation
Warehousing
Functions
ShelvingCirculation
Para-
professionals
Importance of Technical
Skills
Social Network Sites
exemplifiedas
Education
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
mission
librarians
improvesociety
facilitating
knowledge creation
communities
such as
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adangeris
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anexamplecaseis
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akeyissueinschoolsis
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a key theory is
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a relevant area is
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isfurtherdefinedby
suchas
The Atlas of New LIBRARIANSHIPR. David Lankes
Facilitating
Knowledge Creation
Mission
Communities
Librarians
Improve Society
Agreement AgreementRelationship
THREADS

14. Hobohm: Community Building
The Mission of Librarians is
to Improve Society through
Facilitating Knowledge
Creation in their
Communities
Knowledge is Created through
Conversation
Boundary
Issues
Pressure for Participation
Importance of a Worldview
Importance of Theory
and Deep Concepts
Longitude
ExampleMeans of Facilitation
AccessKnowledge
Internet Model
Example
True
Facilitation
Means Shared
Ownership
Different
Communities
Librarians
Serve
Public Government Special SchoolArchives
Conversation Theory
Sense-Making
Motivation
Theories
Dialectic
Theories
Learning
Theory
Transition of
Traditional
Skills
Go to the
Conversation
Digital
Environments
Physical
Environments
Hybrid
Environments
Topical Centers
with Curriculum
Libraries are in the Knowledge
Business therefore the
Conversation Business
mission
librarians
improvesociety
facilitating
knowledge creation
communities
such as
anexa
astrategyis
suchas
such as
such as
such as
areservedby
such as
asseenin
asseenin
has
asseenin
as seen in
anexamplecaseis
a key theory is
arelevanttheoryis
arelevanttheoryis
arelevantareais
a relevant area is
therefore
defines
is composed of
iscomp
is composed of
iscomposedof
resultsin
leadsto
comesfrom
exampleis
explainedin

15. Hobohm: Community Building
Boundary
Issues
Pressure for Participation
Department of
Justice
view
Core Skills
Ambiguity is
Essential for
Professional
Work
LIS Education
Importance of Action and Activism
Internet Model
Example
User
Information
Services
Application
Builders
Infrastructure
Providers
Shift in
Innovation from
Academy to
Ubiquity
Recognize a
School as a
Participatory
Network
From School to
School of
Thought
Co-Learning
Increase
Friction in the
Process
Every Course
has Symposia
and Practica
Curriculum of Communication
and Change over Traditional
Ideas of Leadership
Need to
Expand the
Educational
Ladder
Bachelor of
Information and
Instructional
Design
Need for an
Executive
Doctorate
Institute for
Advanced
Librarianship
Idea
Different
Communities
Librarians
Serve
Public
Academic
Government Special School
Growing
Importance of
Two Way
Infrastructure
Transition of
Traditional
Skills
Administration
Information
Seeking
Go to the
Conversation
Embedded
Librarians
Digital
Environments
Physical
Environments
Hybrid
Environments
Truly
Distributed
Digital Library
Ability to Work
in
Interdisciplinary
Teams
Relation to
other Domains
Communications
Computer
Science
Humanities Information Science
Para-
professionals
Importance of Technical
Skills
Education
mission librarians
improvesociety
communities
such as
ceof
anexamplecaseis
akeyissueinschoolsis
thishasanimpactin
dealswith
astrategyis
suchas
such as
such as
such as
areservedby
such as
asseenin
asseenin
has
asseenin
as seen in
anexamplecaseis
iscomposedof
is composed of
iscomposedof
iscomposedof
resultsin
resultsin
resultsin
leadsto
a relevant area is
areleva
such as
suchas
suchas
suchas
suchas
suchas
suchas
requiresknowledgeof
includes
includes
requires
requires
includes
requires
changesbecause
requires
requires
leadsto
includes
requires
requires
anexampleis
anexampleis
anexampleis
must
includes
includes
canbeachievedby
suchas

16. Hobohm: Community Building

17. Hobohm: Community Building

18. Hobohm: Community Building

19. Hobohm: Community Building
our potential is in the communities’ dreams
• Bibliothekare sind nicht Lehrer, Journalisten oder Wissenschaftler, sondern
Ermöglicher
• Zugang: (access):
• Zusammenbringen von Gesprächspartnern mit dem Ziel der Wissensbildung
• Wissen:
• Wissensaufbau (=Lernen) durch Gespräch/Austausch = Konversation
• Möglichkeit der Teilnahme,Verstehen
• Wissensaufbau nur durch Struktur = Curriculum
• Umgebung:
• eigene Umgebung der Communities
• Vertrautheit (Zugang) und Zugehörigkeit (ownership)
• Motivation:
• intrinsisch (Unterstützung)
• extrinsisch (Angebote)
19

20. Hobohm: Community Building
Der Begriff „Community“
• Hype
• Herkunft
• Polarisierung
• Charakteristika
20

21. Hobohm: Community Building
González-Teruel,Aurora;González-Alcaide,Gregorio;Barrios,Maite;Abad-
Garcia,María-Francisca(2015):Mappingrecentinformationbehavior
research.Ananalysisofco-authorshipandco-citationnetworks.In:
Scientometrics103(2),S.687–705.DOI:10.1007/s11192-015-1548-z.

22. Hobohm: Community Building
Pirolli,Peter(2007):Informationforagingtheory.Adaptiveinteractionwith
information.Oxford,NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress(Oxfordseriesin
human-technologyinteraction).

23. Hobohm: Community Building
Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft
• Ferdinand Tönnies (1855-1936)
• „Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft" (1881 ff)
• Urszene der Soziologie
• „Wiederentdeckung“ 2012
• „etwas organisch gewachsenes“
• moderne Gesellschaft: „gesetzmäßig-normaler Prozess des Zerfall der
Gemeinschaft“ (quasiVorgriff auf: Adorno/Horkheimer: Dialektik der
Aufklärung. 1944)
23
Tönnies,Ferdinand(2012):GemeinschaftundGesellschaft[1931].In:
FerdinandTönnies:StudienzuGemeinschaftundGesellschaft.Hg.v.
KlausLichtblau.Wiesbaden:SpringerVS(Klassikerder
Sozialwissenschaften),S.231–255.

24. Hobohm: Community Building
Soziale Systeme
• Niklas Luhmann: Selektionsmechanismen von Kommunikation:
• Information —> hat die Funktion, soziale Systeme zu höherer
Komplexität und Interdependenz zu führen
• Chance des Anschlusses
• Realisierung (Ausdruck)
24
Veinot,TiffanyC.;Williams,Kate(2012):Followingthe"community"threadfrom
sociologytoinformationbehaviorandinformatics.Uncoveringtheoretical
continuitiesandresearchopportunities.In:JournaloftheAmericanSocietyfor
InformationScienceandTechnology63(5),S.847–864.DOI:10.1002/asi.21653.

25. Hobohm: Community Building
spatial turn / practice turn
• Henri Lefèbvre: La Production de l’Espace, 1974
• Stadtplanung: der dritte Ort: (Ray Oldenburg/Edward Soja)
• Philosophie: Michel Foucaults Heterotopien
• Michel de Certeau: Die Kunst des Handelns, 1980
• Soziologie:Anthony Giddens, Pierre Bourdieu: Lebensstil / Lebenswelt
• Psychologie/Pädagogik: Herbert Mead, Harold Garfinkel, LewVygotski,
Yrjö Engeström: activity theory
• Wissenschaftssoziologie: Karin Knorr-Cetina; Bruno Latour:Actor
Network Theory
25
Huizing,Ard;Cavanagh,Mary(2011):Plantingcontemporarypracticetheoryin
thegardenofinformationscience.In:InformationResearch16(4).Online
verfügbarunterhttp://informationr.net/ir/16-4/paper497.html.

26. Hobohm: Community Building
Communities of practice
Jean Lave + Etienne Wenger (1991) „Situiertes Lernen“
• Domain (Wissensbereich):
• Experten und Neulinge, Interessenkern, mit dem sich
die Mitglieder identifizieren, dynamische Wissensgestaltung
• Community (Gemeinschaft):
• keine Hierarchien, flexible Steuerung aber „Moderation“ nötig, persönliche und
institutionelle Beziehungen und Begegnungen, Bindungen, Interaktionen und
Entwicklung der individuellen und kollektiven Identitäten, Herausbildung eigenen
Kommunikationsregeln
• Practice (Praxis):
• gemeinsam erarbeitetes Wissen zur Aufgabenbewältigung, wie z.B. Normen, Standards,
Instrumente, Geschichten, Erfahrungen, Dokumente etc. Mitglieder praktizieren,
verdeutlichen und teilen hier ihr Wissen um die Domain, Übertragung des impliziten
Wissens durch aktive Teilnahme und Erzählen aus dem Wissensschatz
26
Wenger,Etienne(2000):Communitiesofpractice.Thekeytoknowledge
strategy.In:EricL.Lesser,MichaelA.FontaineundJasonA.Slusher(Hg.):
KnowledgeandCommunities.Boston:Butterworth-Heinemann,S.3–51.
Quelle: InfoWiss Wiki

27. Hobohm: Community Building
Communities
• + / - räumlich gebunden
• gründen auf Kommunikation
• regeln Zugehörigkeit: InKlusion, Exklusion
• definieren Bedeutung (Sinn)
• gestalten Situationen
• haben eigene Symbole, Regeln
• sind erreichbar über „Boundary Objects“
• man kann in mehreren Communities leben
• „peer group“, small worlds
27
Erwing Goffman:Wir alle spielen Theater (1959)
Elreda Chatman: Life in a round (1999)
Paul Jaeger, Gary Burnett: Information worlds (2010)

28. Hobohm: Community Building
Informationsumgebungen
• information grounds (Pettigrew/Fisher) (Orte)
• information environments: ICT führen zu Inklusion und Exklusion
(Gruppenbildung) (L.A. Lievrouw) (ICT + space)
• information ecologies (Bonni Nardi) (Praktiken,Technologien)
• informationelle cities (Manuel Castells) (spaces of flows vs place)
28

29. Hobohm: Community Building
Bibliothek in der Kommune
29
Skot-Hansen,Dorte;HvenegaardRasmussen,Casper;Jochumsen,
Henrik(2013):Theroleofpubliclibrariesinculture-ledurban
regeneration.In:NewLibraryWorld114(1),S.7–19.

30. Hobohm: Community Building
TU Delft

31. Hobohm: Community Building
BnF, Paris

32. Hobohm: Community Building
Jochumsen,Henrik;Skot-Hansen,Dorte;HvenegaardRasmussen,Casper(2014):
Erlebnis,Empowerment,BeteiligungundInnovation:DieneueÖffentliche
Bibliothek.In:OlafEigenbrodtundRichardStang(Hg.):Formierungenvon
Wissensräumen.OptionendesZugangszuInformationundBildung.Berlin:De
GruyterSaur(Ageofaccess?-GrundfragenderInformationsgesellschaft,3),S.67–
80,S.70

33. Hobohm: Community Building
Pédauque,RogerT.(2006):Ledocumentàlalumièredunumérique.
Caen:C&Féditions.

34. Hobohm: Community Building
Funktion Art Austausch Modell Interface
Vu Kreation
materiell,
rivalisierend
Gut,
Aneignung
Verlag
Autor,
Leser
Lu Gedächtnis
immateriell,
nicht-
rivalisierend
Zugang,
Öffentliches
Gut
Bibliothek
Gemein-
schaft,
Leser (pl.)
Su Vermittlung
immateriell,
rivalisierend
Aufmerk-
samkeit,
Raum-Zeit
Spektakel
(Dialog)
Ankündiger,
Zuschauer
Salaün,Jean-Michel(2012):Vu,lu,su.Lesarchitectesdel'informationfaceà
l'oligopoleduWeb.Paris:laDécouverte(Cahierslibres).

35. Hobohm: Community Building
Boisot,Max(2000):IsThereaComplexityBeyondtheReachofStrategy?
In:Emergence2(1),S.114–134.

36. Hobohm: Community Building
LIS = tribe?
• Godin, Seth (2008):Tribes.We need you to lead us. London: Penguin
Books.
• Helga Schwarz (2017): Das Deutsche Bibliotheksinstitut. Berlin: Simon
• insuläre Bibliotheks-Welt?
• unsere Boundary Objects ?
36

37. Hobohm: Community Building
Methoden des „Outreach“??
• mobile Bibliothek
• liaison librarian
• embedded librarian
• rent a librarian
• Scouts?
• Partizipation
• …. ?
37

38. Hobohm: Community Building
Community „Services“??
• Filialen (IGS)
• Plattform (Geek@Cologne)
• Co-Working Spaces?
• Lebende Bücher??
• eigener Raum (Biblio Toyn)
38

39. Hobohm: Community Building
Erfolgsfaktoren
• Ganzheitliche Strategie
• Kollaboration und Partizipation - Fokus auf den Menschen
• Medienangebote bleiben zentraler Baustein!
• auch Mitarbeiter mitnehmen: Bereitschaft zu neuem Denken fördern
• Blick über den Tellerrand notwendig
39
Mittrowan, Andreas (2017): „From Collections to Connections“. Die öffentliche Bibliothek als Knotenpunkt der Kommune.
In: Bibliotheksdienst 51 (2), S. 169–180. DOI: 10.1515/bd-2017-0017.

40. Hobohm: Community Building
Referenzen
• Al-Aufi,Ali Saif (2015): Information Grounds Theory (1999, 2004). In: Mohammed Nasser Al-Suqri und Ali Saif Al-Aufi (Hg.): Information Seeking Behavior and Technology Adoption:
Theories and Trends. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, S. 149-161.
• Boisot, Max (2013 [1995]): Information space.A framework for learning in organizations, institutions and culture. London: Routledge.
• Castells, Manuel (1991):The informational city. Information technology economic restructuring and the urban-regional process. Oxford u.a: Blackwell.
• Huizing,Ard; Cavanagh, Mary (2011): Planting contemporary practice theory in the garden of information science. In: Information Research 16 (4). Online verfügbar unter http://informationr.net/ir/16-4/
paper497.html.
• Hobohm, Hans-Christoph (2013): Bibliothek im Wandel. Kap. D12. In: Rainer Kuhlen,Wolfgang Semar und Dietmar Strauch (Hg.): Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. Handbuch zur
Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis. 6.Aufl. Berlin: De Gruyter Saur, S. 623-633.
• Jochumsen, Henrik; Skot-Hansen, Dorte; Hvenegaard Rasmussen, Casper (2014): Erlebnis, Empowerment, Beteiligung und Innovation: Die neue Öffentliche Bibliothek. In: Olaf Eigenbrodt und Richard Stang (Hg.):
Formierungen von Wissensräumen. Optionen des Zugangs zu Information und Bildung. Berlin: De Gruyter Saur (Age of access? - Grundfragen der Informationsgesellschaft, 3), S. 67–80, S. 70
• Lankes, R. David; Silverstein, Joanne; Nicholson, Scott; Marshall,Todd (2007): Participatory networks: the library as conversation. In: Information Research 12 (4 (suppl.)). Online verfügbar unter http://
informationr.net/ir/12-4/colis/colis05.html, zuletzt geprüft am 16.10.2007.
• Lankes, R. David (2011):The atlas of new librarianship. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
• Lankes, R. David (2016):The new librarianship field guide. Cambridge, Massachusetts:The MIT Press.
• Lankes, R. David (2016): Expect more. Demanding better libraries for today's complex world. 2.Aufl. Online verfügbar unter www.ExpectMoreLibrary.com.
• Lankes, R. David (2017): Erwarten Sie mehr.Verlangen Sie bessere Bibliotheken für eine komplexer gewordene Welt. Hrsg. und mit einemVorwort von Hans-Christoph Hobohm. Unter Mitarbeit von Erdmute
Lapp und Willi Bredemeier. Übers. von "Expect more" 2.Aufl. 2016. Berlin: SimonVerlag für Bibliothekswissen (Reihe Bibliotheksforschung).
• Lievrouw, Leah A. (1998): Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1. In:The Information Society 14, S. 83–96.
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• Mittrowan,Andreas (2017): „From Collections to Connections“. Die öffentliche Bibliothek als Knotenpunkt der Kommune. In: Bibliotheksdienst 51 (2), S. 169–180. DOI: 10.1515/bd-2017-0017.
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