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Sustainable Transportation
in Melbourne
A people centered approach
Hao Yin, Joseph Strzempka & Esteban Velez
Sustainable transportation
“The provision of services and infrastructure for the
mobility of people advancing economic and social
development to benefit today’s and future generations
in a manner that is safe, affordable, accessible,
efficient, and resilient, while minimizing carbon and
other emissions and environmental impacts.” (Mobilizing
Sustainable Transport for Development, 2016)
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Target & Indicator
11.2 By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and
sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably
by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of
those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with
disabilities and older persons
11.2.1 Proportion of population that has convenient access to
public transport, by sex, age and persons with disabilities
(Mobilizing
Sustainable
Transport for
Development,
2016)
CONTEXT
City of Melbourne and
Surrounding Suburbs
Population: 5,000,000
Topography: Flat (20m variation)
Urban density: 500/km2
Weather: High 26c - Low 6c , 140 days of rain
Population age: Median 36 / 30 to 39 ride 16.6kms
(longest commuting)
Average commuting distance: Women - 14.6 Men - 17.8
Mode Share
source: City-of-melbourne-bicycle-plan-2016-2020
Commuting trends
More than 1.3
million Melburnians,
or 74% of the
commuting
population, are
relying solely on car
to get to work
(2016)
source: Australian bureau of statistics
Existing Infrastructure
Trams: 245 kilometres, 500 trams on 28 routes, and 1,813 tram stops.
Trains: 16 rail lines
Buses: almost 300 routes
Bike Share: 51 docks
Roads: The city's total road length is 21,381 km
Taxis: 4,660 licensed - 443 wheelchair-accessible
Car hailing: 500 vehicles
Mortality rate
Identified Challenges
Car culture and social norms and behaviors
Suburban sprawl and low-density
First Mile Last Mile (FMLM) Issues
Interconnectivity
Growing population
Air pollution
Greenhouse gases
Planning Projects
1. The West Gate Tunnel: Victorian Government invests $6.7 billion major road
project.
2. Metro Tunnel: Victorian Government $11 billion major public transport
project.
3. City Road Master Plan
4. Last Kilometre Freight Plan
5. A Strategy for the Docklands Transport Network
6. CBD and Docklands Parking Plan 2008–2013
Cycling
Bicycle Plan:
Investing in new and upgraded bicycle routes;
Keep bike lane clear;
Traffic calming measures: maximum 40 km/h;
Minimum distance overtaking cycling: 1 meter for roads with
speed limits 60km/h;
Bike Sharing Schemes: with helmets, 51 docking stations
Transport Strategy
1. Integrate transport and land use planning
2. Go anywhere, anytime public transport for inner Melbourne
3. Optimise the transport effectiveness of inner Melbourne’s
roads
4. Create pedestrian friendly high-mobility public transport
streets in the central city
5. Make Melbourne a cycling city
6. Foster innovative, low-impact freight and delivery in central
Melbourne.
Transport Sustainability Framework
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Short Term
Solutions
Short Term Solutions
CRITERIA
Easy / fast to implement
Low capital investment
High social acceptance
SHORT TERM SOLUTION #1
SHIFT
Public-Private Associations to incentivize public and non-motorized
transport use
PPA for Incentivizing Public and Non-Motorized
Transport Use
Provide preferential tax treatment to firms demonstrating City of Melbourne
desired mode share before 2030
Data collection (and sharing) through bicycle RFID, pedometers/personal fitness
trackers, Myki usage (use of ICT and IOT)
Provide strategies and incentives for corporations/ institutions to foster public
and non-motorized transportation. Eg. Private BSS & car sharing groups.
Government leadership in incentivizing public and non-motorized transport use.
Eg. 30 days of NMT, 1 free paid leave day.
PPA for Incentivizing Public and Non-Motorized
Transport Use (Existing Example)
SHORT TERM SOLUTION #2
AVOID
Public sector demonstrating effective telecommuting strategies
Promote Telecommuting in the Public Sector
Allow for 4+1 or 3+2 work weeks (4/3 days in office 1/2
days telecommute) where viable
Reduces traffic congestion
Improved efficiency and quality of life for employees
Symbolic action - Public Sector acting as signaler - Nearly
240,000 public employees in Victoria
SHORT TERM SOLUTION #3
IMPROVE
Non-motorized transport CBD experience
Non-motorized Transport CBD Experience
Reduce speed limit in CBD from 40km/h to 30km/h and from 60km/h
and 50km/h to 40km/h
Lower speed limits in these areas will save lives and prevent and reduce the amount of casualty accidents every year. A
pedestrian hit by a vehicle travelling at 50km/h is four times more likely to be killed or seriously injured than if hit at
40km/h. (Melbourne.vic.gov.au)
Increased pedestrian street crossing time
Experiment with additional pedestrian-only zones
Public service campaigns to raise awareness and promote safe use of
shared-use roadways
Increased fines and policy enforcement for private vehicle infractions
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Long Term
Solutions
LONG-TERM SOLUTION #1
SHIFT
TOD: transit-oriented development
First-mile/last mile transportation
Create multiple city centres
Nightingale model (example)
Transit Oriented Development (TOD)
- Urban planning trend that promotes vibrant, livable, sustainable communities through the
creation of compact, walkable, pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use communities centered
around high quality public transport systems.
● Promote corporations
to move to the
suburbs
● FMLM (multimodal
transport systems)
● Regulate land use
(mix used)
● Building guidelines
(bicycle facilities,
handicapped
accesibility)
LONG-TERM SOLUTION #2
IMPROVE
Public Sector Fleet Transition to Electric
Vehicles
Public Sector Fleet Transition to Electric Vehicles
Replace government fleet with EVs when up for
replacement
Purchase green energy for offices (including charging
stations)
Contract with domestic car manufacturers to build
domestic EV industry
Symbolic action - Public Sector acting as signaler -
Nearly 240,000 public employees in Victoria
LONG-TERM SOLUTIONS #3
AVOID
Plan Melbourne 2050
Plan Melbourne 2050
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Conclusions
The first barrier to overcome are social norms and behaviors
Melbourne must bridge immediate needs with long-term Plan Melbourne 2050
The increasing population, and diversity of the population, creates unique
challenges
More sustainable transport will require a shifting use, improving efficiency, and
avoiding unnecessary transport
Thank
You!

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Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne

  • 1. Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne A people centered approach Hao Yin, Joseph Strzempka & Esteban Velez
  • 2. Sustainable transportation “The provision of services and infrastructure for the mobility of people advancing economic and social development to benefit today’s and future generations in a manner that is safe, affordable, accessible, efficient, and resilient, while minimizing carbon and other emissions and environmental impacts.” (Mobilizing Sustainable Transport for Development, 2016)
  • 4. Target & Indicator 11.2 By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons 11.2.1 Proportion of population that has convenient access to public transport, by sex, age and persons with disabilities
  • 6. CONTEXT City of Melbourne and Surrounding Suburbs Population: 5,000,000 Topography: Flat (20m variation) Urban density: 500/km2 Weather: High 26c - Low 6c , 140 days of rain Population age: Median 36 / 30 to 39 ride 16.6kms (longest commuting) Average commuting distance: Women - 14.6 Men - 17.8
  • 8. Commuting trends More than 1.3 million Melburnians, or 74% of the commuting population, are relying solely on car to get to work (2016) source: Australian bureau of statistics
  • 9. Existing Infrastructure Trams: 245 kilometres, 500 trams on 28 routes, and 1,813 tram stops. Trains: 16 rail lines Buses: almost 300 routes Bike Share: 51 docks Roads: The city's total road length is 21,381 km Taxis: 4,660 licensed - 443 wheelchair-accessible Car hailing: 500 vehicles
  • 11. Identified Challenges Car culture and social norms and behaviors Suburban sprawl and low-density First Mile Last Mile (FMLM) Issues Interconnectivity Growing population Air pollution Greenhouse gases
  • 12. Planning Projects 1. The West Gate Tunnel: Victorian Government invests $6.7 billion major road project. 2. Metro Tunnel: Victorian Government $11 billion major public transport project. 3. City Road Master Plan 4. Last Kilometre Freight Plan 5. A Strategy for the Docklands Transport Network 6. CBD and Docklands Parking Plan 2008–2013
  • 13. Cycling Bicycle Plan: Investing in new and upgraded bicycle routes; Keep bike lane clear; Traffic calming measures: maximum 40 km/h; Minimum distance overtaking cycling: 1 meter for roads with speed limits 60km/h; Bike Sharing Schemes: with helmets, 51 docking stations
  • 14. Transport Strategy 1. Integrate transport and land use planning 2. Go anywhere, anytime public transport for inner Melbourne 3. Optimise the transport effectiveness of inner Melbourne’s roads 4. Create pedestrian friendly high-mobility public transport streets in the central city 5. Make Melbourne a cycling city 6. Foster innovative, low-impact freight and delivery in central Melbourne.
  • 20. Short Term Solutions CRITERIA Easy / fast to implement Low capital investment High social acceptance
  • 21. SHORT TERM SOLUTION #1 SHIFT Public-Private Associations to incentivize public and non-motorized transport use
  • 22. PPA for Incentivizing Public and Non-Motorized Transport Use Provide preferential tax treatment to firms demonstrating City of Melbourne desired mode share before 2030 Data collection (and sharing) through bicycle RFID, pedometers/personal fitness trackers, Myki usage (use of ICT and IOT) Provide strategies and incentives for corporations/ institutions to foster public and non-motorized transportation. Eg. Private BSS & car sharing groups. Government leadership in incentivizing public and non-motorized transport use. Eg. 30 days of NMT, 1 free paid leave day.
  • 23. PPA for Incentivizing Public and Non-Motorized Transport Use (Existing Example)
  • 24. SHORT TERM SOLUTION #2 AVOID Public sector demonstrating effective telecommuting strategies
  • 25. Promote Telecommuting in the Public Sector Allow for 4+1 or 3+2 work weeks (4/3 days in office 1/2 days telecommute) where viable Reduces traffic congestion Improved efficiency and quality of life for employees Symbolic action - Public Sector acting as signaler - Nearly 240,000 public employees in Victoria
  • 26. SHORT TERM SOLUTION #3 IMPROVE Non-motorized transport CBD experience
  • 27. Non-motorized Transport CBD Experience Reduce speed limit in CBD from 40km/h to 30km/h and from 60km/h and 50km/h to 40km/h Lower speed limits in these areas will save lives and prevent and reduce the amount of casualty accidents every year. A pedestrian hit by a vehicle travelling at 50km/h is four times more likely to be killed or seriously injured than if hit at 40km/h. (Melbourne.vic.gov.au) Increased pedestrian street crossing time Experiment with additional pedestrian-only zones Public service campaigns to raise awareness and promote safe use of shared-use roadways Increased fines and policy enforcement for private vehicle infractions
  • 31. LONG-TERM SOLUTION #1 SHIFT TOD: transit-oriented development First-mile/last mile transportation Create multiple city centres Nightingale model (example)
  • 32. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) - Urban planning trend that promotes vibrant, livable, sustainable communities through the creation of compact, walkable, pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use communities centered around high quality public transport systems. ● Promote corporations to move to the suburbs ● FMLM (multimodal transport systems) ● Regulate land use (mix used) ● Building guidelines (bicycle facilities, handicapped accesibility)
  • 33. LONG-TERM SOLUTION #2 IMPROVE Public Sector Fleet Transition to Electric Vehicles
  • 34. Public Sector Fleet Transition to Electric Vehicles Replace government fleet with EVs when up for replacement Purchase green energy for offices (including charging stations) Contract with domestic car manufacturers to build domestic EV industry Symbolic action - Public Sector acting as signaler - Nearly 240,000 public employees in Victoria
  • 38. Conclusions The first barrier to overcome are social norms and behaviors Melbourne must bridge immediate needs with long-term Plan Melbourne 2050 The increasing population, and diversity of the population, creates unique challenges More sustainable transport will require a shifting use, improving efficiency, and avoiding unnecessary transport