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K-­‐12	
  Literacy	
  Strategies	
  that	
  
                 Work	
  

                 May	
  24,	
  2011	
  
           SD	
  #10,	
  Arrow	
  Lakes	
  
                 Faye	
  Brownlie	
  
           www.slideshare.net	
  
•  What	
  do	
  you	
  noDce	
  about	
  the	
  results?	
  	
  What	
  
   paHern(s)	
  can	
  you	
  see?	
  
•  What	
  improvement	
  or	
  growth	
  is	
  shown	
  and	
  to	
  
   what	
  do	
  you	
  aHribute	
  this	
  growth?	
  	
  	
  
•  What	
  good	
  news	
  story	
  arises	
  from	
  this	
  data?
   What	
  areas	
  are	
  sDll	
  in	
  need	
  of	
  work?	
  	
  	
  
•  Choose	
  one	
  area	
  that	
  you	
  believe	
  is	
  significant	
  to	
  
   work	
  on,	
  based	
  on	
  this	
  data.	
  	
  
•  What	
  plans	
  may	
  you	
  have	
  next	
  year	
  in	
  your	
  
   Growth	
  Plan	
  based	
  on	
  this	
  data?	
  	
  
Learning	
  IntenDons	
  

•  I	
  can	
  name	
  and	
  describe	
  components	
  of	
  
   effecDve	
  literacy	
  teaching.	
  
•  I	
  can	
  idenDfy	
  AFL	
  strategies	
  and	
  effecDve	
  
   literacy	
  teaching	
  strategies	
  in	
  my	
  pracDce.	
  
•  I	
  have	
  idenDfied	
  a	
  less	
  effecDve	
  pracDce	
  to	
  
   replace	
  with	
  a	
  more	
  effecDve	
  literacy	
  pracDce.	
  
•  I	
  can	
  plan	
  a	
  next	
  step	
  –	
  “more	
  of,	
  more	
  oWen”.	
  
Reading	
  Next	
  -­‐	
  Biancarosa	
  &	
  Snow,	
  2004	
  

•     Instruc(onal	
  Improvements	
  
1.    Direct,	
  explicit	
  comprehension	
  instrucDon	
  
2.    EffecDve	
  instrucDonal	
  principles	
  embedded	
  in	
  content	
  
3.    MoDvaDon	
  and	
  self-­‐directed	
  learning	
  
4.    Text-­‐based	
  collaboraDve	
  learning	
  
5.    Strategic	
  tutoring	
  
6.    Diverse	
  texts	
  
7.    Intensive	
  wriDng	
  
8.    A	
  technology	
  component	
  
9.    Ongoing	
  formaDve	
  assessment	
  of	
  students	
  	
  
Think	
  Aloud	
  
•  Read	
  the	
  text	
  or	
  the	
  picture	
  aloud	
  to	
  the	
  
   students.	
  
•  Slow	
  your	
  thinking	
  down	
  and	
  describe	
  to	
  them	
  
   what	
  is	
  happening	
  as	
  you	
  read.	
  
•  Focus	
  your	
  descripDon	
  on	
  what	
  THEY	
  need	
  to	
  
   know	
  –	
  connecDons,	
  quesDons,	
  figuring	
  out	
  
   unknown	
  words,	
  grammar	
  cues…	
  
•  Record	
  the	
  strategies.	
  
•  Have	
  students	
  pracDce	
  in	
  pairs	
  before	
  reading	
  
   independently.	
  
THE	
  LUNGS	
  AND	
  CHEST	
  CAVITY	
  

•  To	
  understand	
  breathing,	
  it	
  helps	
  to	
  know	
  
   more	
  about	
  the	
  body	
  parts	
  you	
  use	
  to	
  move	
  
   air	
  in	
  and	
  out.	
  	
  Your	
  lungs	
  are	
  spongy	
  organs	
  
   that	
  receive	
  the	
  air	
  you	
  inhale.	
  
•  The	
  lungs	
  are	
  made	
  up	
  of	
  clusters	
  of	
  Dny,	
  
   hollow	
  sacs	
  called	
  alveoli	
  (singular:	
  	
  
   alveolus).	
  	
  Each	
  alveolus	
  is	
  surrounded	
  by	
  
   blood	
  vessels.	
  	
  Your	
  lungs	
  are	
  located	
  in	
  a	
  
   large	
  space	
  in	
  the	
  upper	
  part	
  of	
  your	
  body	
  
   called	
  the	
  chest	
  cavity	
  (Figure	
  8.6).	
  
Carla’s	
  average	
  on	
  four	
  tests	
  in	
  math	
  was	
  89.5	
  
  percent,	
  but	
  her	
  percent	
  score	
  on	
  each	
  test	
  
  was	
  a	
  whole	
  number.	
  	
  What	
  might	
  have	
  been	
  
  Carla’s	
  test	
  scores?	
  
Assessment for Learning
Purpose	
                           Guide	
  learning,	
  inform	
  
                                    instrucDon	
  

Audience	
  	
                      Teachers	
  and	
  students	
  


Timing	
  	
                        On-­‐going,	
  minute	
  by	
  minute,	
  
                                    day	
  by	
  day	
  

Form	
  	
                          DescripDve	
  Feedback	
  
                                    ¶what’s	
  working?	
  
                                    •what’s	
  not?	
  
                                    •what’s	
  next?	
  
Black	
  &	
  Wiliam,	
  1998	
     Haoe	
  &	
  Timperley,	
  2007	
  
Assessment for Learning
•    Learning	
  intenDons	
  
•    Criteria	
  
•    DescripDve	
  feedback	
  
•    QuesDoning	
  
•    Peer	
  and	
  self	
  assessment	
  
•    Ownership	
  
QuesDoning	
  –	
  gr.	
  2/3	
  
Goal:	
  	
  creaDng	
  real	
  quesDons,	
  using	
  quesDons	
  to	
  
        link	
  background	
  knowledge	
  with	
  new	
  
                informaDon,	
  create	
  curiosity	
  

•  Present	
  an	
  image.	
  
•  AWer	
  each	
  image,	
  ask	
  students	
  to	
  pose	
  
   quesDons	
  about	
  the	
  image	
  and	
  to	
  resist	
  the	
  
   urge	
  to	
  answer	
  someone	
  else’s	
  quesDon.	
  
•  Repeat	
  with	
  3-­‐4	
  images.	
  
Salmon	
  Creek	
  –	
  AnneHe	
  LeBox	
  &	
  Karen	
  Reczuch	
  
 	
  	
   	
   	
  2002,	
  Douglas	
  &	
  McIntyre	
  
Questioning – Joni Tsui
•  IntroducDon	
  to	
  earthquakes	
  in	
  geology	
  12.	
  	
  
•  Students	
  have	
  all	
  seen	
  earthquakes	
  in	
  
      previous	
  classes	
  (some	
  more	
  than	
  others).	
  
•  We	
  completed	
  the	
  acDvity	
  and	
  I	
  made	
  sure	
  
      every	
  student	
  in	
  class	
  wondered	
  at	
  least	
  one	
  
      thing.	
  
  	
  	
   	
  	
  
Grade	
  9	
  Science,	
  Insulators	
  &	
  
                       Conductors	
  
•  Learning	
  IntenDons:	
  
   –  I	
  can	
  idenDfy	
  and	
  explain	
  the	
  key	
  vocabulary	
  
      necessary	
  to	
  understand	
  insulators	
  and	
  
      conductors	
  
   –  I	
  can	
  read	
  to	
  determine	
  the	
  accuracy	
  of	
  key	
  
      statements	
  about	
  insulators	
  and	
  conductors	
  
   –  I	
  can	
  provide	
  evidence	
  from	
  the	
  text	
  to	
  support	
  
      my	
  choices.	
  
•    proton	
  
•    neutron	
  
•    electron	
  
•    ion	
  
•    atom	
  
•    nucleus	
  
•    charge	
  
•    posiDve	
  
•    negaDve	
  
•    neutral	
  
AnDcipaDon	
  Guide	
  
Electrons	
  in	
  an	
  insulator	
  are	
  not	
  
Dghtly	
  bound	
  to	
  the	
  atoms	
  
making	
  up	
  the	
  material.	


Pure	
  water	
  is	
  an	
  insulator;	
  tap	
  
water	
  is	
  a	
  conductor.	


A	
  maple-­‐leaf	
  electroscope	
  
determines	
  the	
  presence	
  of	
  
electric	
  charges.
Human	
  OpDcs	
  Vocabulary	
  
Before	
                    During	
       A5er	
  

pupil	
  

iris	
  

cornea	
  

sclera	
  

reDna	
  

opDc	
  nerve	
  
Learning Intention: I can write and describe a
                                          small event from my morning.



                                           Gr. 3 Writing:
                                           Model – a small moment
                                           Establish criteria
                                           Kids write
                                           Descriptive feedback on
                                             criteria	
  
Pearson	
  &	
  Gallagher	
  (1983)	
  
•    Choose a topic
•    Write in front of the students
•    Students describe ‘what works’ in your writing
•    Students choose a ‘morning’ topic
•    Students write
•    Students self-assess
•    Students meet with peers to share and provide
     feedback
All	
  alone,	
  I	
  stepped	
  into	
  my	
  car.	
  	
  With	
  my	
  map	
  in	
  
     hand,	
  I	
  began	
  to	
  drive.	
  	
  At	
  the	
  lights	
  I	
  turned	
  
     leW,	
  then	
  the	
  map	
  said	
  to	
  turn	
  right.	
  	
  “Oh,	
  no!”	
  
 	
  	
  The	
  sign	
  said,	
  “Road	
  closed”.	
  	
  	
  
 	
  	
  “Help,”	
  I	
  thought.	
  	
  “What	
  am	
  I	
  going	
  to	
  do?”	
  
Notices…criteria
•  Mystery

•  Opening

•  Detailed

•  Sounds like you (Voice)
Resources	
  
•  Student	
  Diversity,	
  2nd	
  ed.	
  –	
  Brownlie,	
  Feniak	
  
   and	
  Schnellert,	
  2006	
  
•  It’s	
  All	
  about	
  Thinking	
  (in	
  English,	
  Social	
  
   Studies	
  and	
  HumaniDes)	
  –	
  Brownlie	
  and	
  
   Schnellert,	
  2009	
  
•  It’s	
  All	
  about	
  Thinking	
  (in	
  Math	
  and	
  Science)	
  -­‐	
  
   Brownlie,	
  Fullerton	
  &	
  Schnellert,	
  in	
  press	
  

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Arrow Lakes.K-12.Effective Literacy Strategies

  • 1. K-­‐12  Literacy  Strategies  that   Work   May  24,  2011   SD  #10,  Arrow  Lakes   Faye  Brownlie   www.slideshare.net  
  • 2. •  What  do  you  noDce  about  the  results?    What   paHern(s)  can  you  see?   •  What  improvement  or  growth  is  shown  and  to   what  do  you  aHribute  this  growth?       •  What  good  news  story  arises  from  this  data? What  areas  are  sDll  in  need  of  work?       •  Choose  one  area  that  you  believe  is  significant  to   work  on,  based  on  this  data.     •  What  plans  may  you  have  next  year  in  your   Growth  Plan  based  on  this  data?    
  • 3. Learning  IntenDons   •  I  can  name  and  describe  components  of   effecDve  literacy  teaching.   •  I  can  idenDfy  AFL  strategies  and  effecDve   literacy  teaching  strategies  in  my  pracDce.   •  I  have  idenDfied  a  less  effecDve  pracDce  to   replace  with  a  more  effecDve  literacy  pracDce.   •  I  can  plan  a  next  step  –  “more  of,  more  oWen”.  
  • 4. Reading  Next  -­‐  Biancarosa  &  Snow,  2004   •  Instruc(onal  Improvements   1.  Direct,  explicit  comprehension  instrucDon   2.  EffecDve  instrucDonal  principles  embedded  in  content   3.  MoDvaDon  and  self-­‐directed  learning   4.  Text-­‐based  collaboraDve  learning   5.  Strategic  tutoring   6.  Diverse  texts   7.  Intensive  wriDng   8.  A  technology  component   9.  Ongoing  formaDve  assessment  of  students    
  • 5. Think  Aloud   •  Read  the  text  or  the  picture  aloud  to  the   students.   •  Slow  your  thinking  down  and  describe  to  them   what  is  happening  as  you  read.   •  Focus  your  descripDon  on  what  THEY  need  to   know  –  connecDons,  quesDons,  figuring  out   unknown  words,  grammar  cues…   •  Record  the  strategies.   •  Have  students  pracDce  in  pairs  before  reading   independently.  
  • 6. THE  LUNGS  AND  CHEST  CAVITY   •  To  understand  breathing,  it  helps  to  know   more  about  the  body  parts  you  use  to  move   air  in  and  out.    Your  lungs  are  spongy  organs   that  receive  the  air  you  inhale.  
  • 7. •  The  lungs  are  made  up  of  clusters  of  Dny,   hollow  sacs  called  alveoli  (singular:     alveolus).    Each  alveolus  is  surrounded  by   blood  vessels.    Your  lungs  are  located  in  a   large  space  in  the  upper  part  of  your  body   called  the  chest  cavity  (Figure  8.6).  
  • 8. Carla’s  average  on  four  tests  in  math  was  89.5   percent,  but  her  percent  score  on  each  test   was  a  whole  number.    What  might  have  been   Carla’s  test  scores?  
  • 9. Assessment for Learning Purpose   Guide  learning,  inform   instrucDon   Audience     Teachers  and  students   Timing     On-­‐going,  minute  by  minute,   day  by  day   Form     DescripDve  Feedback   ¶what’s  working?   •what’s  not?   •what’s  next?   Black  &  Wiliam,  1998   Haoe  &  Timperley,  2007  
  • 10. Assessment for Learning •  Learning  intenDons   •  Criteria   •  DescripDve  feedback   •  QuesDoning   •  Peer  and  self  assessment   •  Ownership  
  • 11. QuesDoning  –  gr.  2/3   Goal:    creaDng  real  quesDons,  using  quesDons  to   link  background  knowledge  with  new   informaDon,  create  curiosity   •  Present  an  image.   •  AWer  each  image,  ask  students  to  pose   quesDons  about  the  image  and  to  resist  the   urge  to  answer  someone  else’s  quesDon.   •  Repeat  with  3-­‐4  images.  
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Salmon  Creek  –  AnneHe  LeBox  &  Karen  Reczuch          2002,  Douglas  &  McIntyre  
  • 16. Questioning – Joni Tsui •  IntroducDon  to  earthquakes  in  geology  12.     •  Students  have  all  seen  earthquakes  in   previous  classes  (some  more  than  others).   •  We  completed  the  acDvity  and  I  made  sure   every  student  in  class  wondered  at  least  one   thing.          
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Grade  9  Science,  Insulators  &   Conductors   •  Learning  IntenDons:   –  I  can  idenDfy  and  explain  the  key  vocabulary   necessary  to  understand  insulators  and   conductors   –  I  can  read  to  determine  the  accuracy  of  key   statements  about  insulators  and  conductors   –  I  can  provide  evidence  from  the  text  to  support   my  choices.  
  • 20. •  proton   •  neutron   •  electron   •  ion   •  atom   •  nucleus   •  charge   •  posiDve   •  negaDve   •  neutral  
  • 21. AnDcipaDon  Guide   Electrons  in  an  insulator  are  not   Dghtly  bound  to  the  atoms   making  up  the  material. Pure  water  is  an  insulator;  tap   water  is  a  conductor. A  maple-­‐leaf  electroscope   determines  the  presence  of   electric  charges.
  • 22. Human  OpDcs  Vocabulary   Before   During   A5er   pupil   iris   cornea   sclera   reDna   opDc  nerve  
  • 23. Learning Intention: I can write and describe a small event from my morning. Gr. 3 Writing: Model – a small moment Establish criteria Kids write Descriptive feedback on criteria   Pearson  &  Gallagher  (1983)  
  • 24. •  Choose a topic •  Write in front of the students •  Students describe ‘what works’ in your writing •  Students choose a ‘morning’ topic •  Students write •  Students self-assess •  Students meet with peers to share and provide feedback
  • 25. All  alone,  I  stepped  into  my  car.    With  my  map  in   hand,  I  began  to  drive.    At  the  lights  I  turned   leW,  then  the  map  said  to  turn  right.    “Oh,  no!”      The  sign  said,  “Road  closed”.          “Help,”  I  thought.    “What  am  I  going  to  do?”  
  • 26. Notices…criteria •  Mystery •  Opening •  Detailed •  Sounds like you (Voice)
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30. Resources   •  Student  Diversity,  2nd  ed.  –  Brownlie,  Feniak   and  Schnellert,  2006   •  It’s  All  about  Thinking  (in  English,  Social   Studies  and  HumaniDes)  –  Brownlie  and   Schnellert,  2009   •  It’s  All  about  Thinking  (in  Math  and  Science)  -­‐   Brownlie,  Fullerton  &  Schnellert,  in  press