Presentation by: John Ingargiola, Lead Physical Scientist - Safety, Planning, & Building Science Division, FIMA Risk Management Directorate - FEMA

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Big Policy
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John Ingargiola, Lead Physical Scientist
Building Science Branch
Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration
FEMA
FEMA Policies Supporting
Modern Building Codes &
Strong Building Practices

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3. TX
CA
MT
ID
AZ
NV
OR
CO
NM
SD
UT
KS
WY
NE
MN
ND
IL
IA
WA
WI
OK
MO
FL
PA
GA
AR
NY
AL
IN
MI
NC
LA
MS
VA
TN
OH
KY
SC
ME
WV
MI
DE
MD
DC
VT
NH
MA
CT
RI
NJ
:Hurricane Risk
CountiesWith Wind Speeds Exeeding 90 Miles
per Hour in Hurricane-ProneRegions Based
Upon the International Building Code (IBC)
and International Building Code (IRC) 2009
Hawaii
Hurricane Resistance For At Risk Counties
Counties In Which Less Than 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have
Adopted Hurricane-Resistant Building Codes
Jurisdictions are known locations which may have participated
in the BCEGS survey done by ISO or provided by Building
Code Adoption Tracking Research. Jurisdiction is the common
name for the area, with defined political boundaries, served by
the building department. Jurisdictions include, but are not
limited to, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, villages,
counties, and parishes. Many small crossroad communities are
counted as jurisdictions.
A reporting jurisdiction has reported information to BCEGS
or another research group
Hurricane-Prone Counties
U.S.
Hurricane
Risk
Counties in the BCEGS Database that
Have Adopted Hurricane-Resistant Building
Codes
September 25, 2018
Counties In Which 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have Adopted
Hurricane-Resistant Building Codes
Reporting Counties that Have Not Adopted Hurricane-Resistant
Building Codes
Counties Not Having A High Risk for Hurricane
Based on BCEGS data provided by Insurance Services Office (ISO), September 25, 2018 or other research groups

4. MA
CT
RI
VT
MI
NH
WV
ME
SC
KY
OH
TN
VA
MS
LA
NC
MI
IN
AL
NY
AR
GA
PA
FL
MO
OK
WI
WA
IA
IL
ND
MN
NE
WY
KS
UT
SD
NM
CO
OR
NV
AZ
ID
MT
CA
TX
NJ
DE
MD
DC
:
U.S. Damaging
Wind Risk Counties in the BCEGS Database that
Have Adopted Damaging Wind-Resistant Building Codes
September 25, 2018
Damaging Wind Risk
Hawaii
Damaging Wind Resistance For At Risk Counties
Counties In Which 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have Adopted
Damaging Wind-Resistant Building Codes
Counties In Which Less Than 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions
Have Adopted Damaging Wind-Resistant Building Codes
Reporting Counties that Have Not Adopted Damaging Wind-Resistant
Building Codes
Damaging Wind-Prone Counties
Jurisdictions are known locations which may have participated
in the BCEGS survey done by ISO or provided by Building
Code Adoption Tracking Research. Jurisdiction is the common
name for the area, with defined political boundaries, served by
the building department. Jurisdictions include, but are not
limited to, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, villages,
counties, and parishes. Many small crossroad communities are
counted as jurisdictions.
A reporting jurisdiction has reported information to BCEGS
or another research group
Counties located in Hurricane Prone Region, See Hurricane Risk Map
Based on BCEGS data provided by Insurance Services Office (ISO), September 25, 2018 or other research groups

5. MA
CT
RI
VT
MI
NH
WV
ME
SC
KY
OH
TN
VA
MS
LA
NC
MI
IN
AL
NY
AR
GA
PA
FL
MO
OK
WI
WA
IA
IL
ND
MN
NE
WY
KSUT
SD
NM
CO
OR
NV
AZ
ID
MT
CA
TX
NJ
DE
MD
DC
:
U.S.
Tornado
Risk
Counties in the BCEGS Database that
Have Adopted Tornado-Resistant Building Codes
September 25, 2018
Hawaii
Tornado Resistance For At Risk Counties
Counties In Which 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have Adopted
Tornado-Resistant Building Codes
Counties In Which Less Than 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions
Have Adopted Tornado-Resistant Building Codes
Reporting Counties that Have Not Adopted Tornado-Resistant
Building Codes
Tornado Risk
Tornado-ProneCounties
Jurisdictions are known locations which may have participated
in the BCEGS survey done by ISO or provided by Building
Code Adoption Tracking Research. Jurisdiction is the common
name for the area, with defined political boundaries, served by
the building department. Jurisdictions include, but are not
limited to, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, villages,
counties, and parishes. Many small crossroad communities are
counted as jurisdictions.
A reporting jurisdiction has reported information to BCEGS
or another research group
Counties Not Having A High Risk For Tornadoes
Based on BCEGS data provided by Insurance Services Office (ISO), September 25, 2018 or other research groups

6. TX
CA
MT
ID
AZ
NV
OR
CO
NM
SD
UT
KS
WY
NE
MN
ND
IL
IA
WA
WI
OK
MO
FL
PA
GA
AR
NY
AL
IN
MI
NC
LA
MS
VA
TN
OH
KY
SC
ME
WV
NH
MI
VT
NJ
DE
MD
DC
MA
CT
RI
:
U.S.
Seismic
Risk
Counties in the BCEGS Database that
Have Adopted Seismic-Resistant Building Codes
September 25, 2018
Hawaii
Seismic Resistance For At Risk CountiesSeismic Risk
Counties With Seismic Design
Categories D0, D1, D2, or E
As Shown In The IRC 2009,
or SDS greater than or equal to 0.50g as
shown in the IBC 2009for site class B
Jurisdictions are known locations which may have participated
in the BCEGS survey done by ISO or provided by Building
Code Adoption Tracking Research. Jurisdiction is the common
name for the area, with defined political boundaries, served by
the building department. Jurisdictions include, but are not
limited to, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, villages,
counties, and parishes. Many small crossroad communities are
counted as jurisdictions.
A reporting jurisdiction has reported information to BCEGS
or another research group
Counties In Which 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have Adopted
Seismic-Resistant Building Codes
Counties In Which Less Than 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions
Have Adopted Seismic-Resistant Building Codes
Reporting Counties that Have Not Adopted Seismic-Resistant
Building Codes
Counties Not Having A High Risk For Seismic
Based on BCEGS data provided by Insurance Services Office (ISO), September 25, 2018 or other research groups

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MA
CT
RI
VT
MI
NH
WV
ME
SC
KY
OH
TN
VA
MS
LA
NC
MI
IN
AL
NY
AR
GA
PA
FL
MO
OK
WI
WA
IA
IL
ND
MN
NE
WY
KS
UT
SD ! !
NM
CO
OR
NV
AZ
ID
MT
CA
TX
NJ
DE
MD
DC
:
U.S.
Flood
Risk
Counties in the BCEGS Database that Have Adopted
Flood-Resistant Building Codes and Participate in the NFIP
September 25, 2018
Hawaii
Flood Risk
Counties which are not at High
Risk for Flood based upon
reporting jurisdictions
Jurisdictions are known locations which may have participated
in the BCEGS survey done by ISO or provided by Building
Code Adoption Tracking Research. Jurisdiction is the common
name for the area, with defined political boundaries, served by
the building department. Jurisdictions include, but are not
limited to, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, villages,
counties, and parishes. Many small crossroad communities are
counted as jurisdictions.
A reporting jurisdiction has reported information to BCEGS
or another research group
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Flood Resistance For At Risk Counties
Counties In Which 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have Adopted
Flood-Resistant Building Codes and Participate in the NFIP
Counties In Which Less Than 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have
Adopted Flood-Resistant Building Codes
Counties In Which Less Than 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have Adopted
Flood-Resistant Building Codes and/or do not Participate in the NFIP
Reporting Counties that Have Not Adopted Flood-Resistant
Building Codes
Reporting Counties that Have Not Adopted Flood-Resistant
Building Codesand/or do not Participate in the NFIP
Based on BCEGS data provided by Insurance Services Office (ISO), September 25, 2018 or other research groups

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MA
CT
RI
VT
MI
NH
WV
ME
SC
KY
OH
TN
VA
MS
LA
NC
MI
IN
AL
NY
AR
GA
PA
FL
MO
OK
WI
WA
IA
IL
ND
MN
NE
WY
KS
UT
SD! !
NM
CO
OR
NV
AZ
ID
MT
CA
TX
NJ
DE
MD
DC
:
U.S.
Hazard
Risk
Counties in the BCEGS Database that Have Adopted
Hazard-Resistant Building Codes and Participate in the NFIP
September 25, 2018
Hawaii
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Hazard Risk
● Counties which are not at High Risk!
● for Hurricane, Flood, or Seismic
based upon reporting jurisdictions
Jurisdictions are known locations which may have participated
in the BCEGS survey done by ISO or provided by Building
Code Adoption Tracking Research. Jurisdiction is the common
name for the area, with defined political boundaries, served by
the building department. Jurisdictions include, but are not
limited to, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, villages,
counties, and parishes. Many small crossroad communities are
counted as jurisdictions.
A reporting jurisdiction has reported information to BCEGS
or another research group
Hazard Resistance For At Risk Counties
Counties In Which 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have Adopted
Hazard-Resistant Building Codes and Participate in the NFIP
Counties In Which Less Than 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have
Adopted Hazard-Resistant Building Codes
Counties In Which Less Than 100% Of Reporting Jurisdictions Have Adopted
Hazard-Resistant Building Codes and/or do not Participate in the NFIP
Reporting Counties that Have Not Adopted Hazard-Resistant
Building Codes
Reporting Counties that Have Not Adopted Hazard-Resistant
Building Codesand/or do not Participate in the NFIP
Based on BCEGS data provided by Insurance Services Office (ISO), September 25, 2018 or other research groups

9. Losses Avoided as a Result of Adopting and
Enforcing Hazard-Resistant Building Codes

10. Project Objective
Incentivize Whole-Community Mitigation
• Demonstrate the value of adopting and enforcing hazard-resistant
building codes nationwide
• Incentivize building code adoption to reduce disaster losses
• Inform local investment decisions to increase resilience
Quantify Disaster Risk
Reduction
Identify anticipated
damages prevented
during natural hazards
due to provisions in
modern building codes.
• Supports FEMA
Strategic Plan, NMIS,
Moonshots
10Losses Avoided as a Result of Adopting and Enforcing Hazard-Resistant Building Codes

11. Introduction: Model Framework
Code Loss Modeling Framework
Covered Hazards: Flood, hurricane, and earthquake
Modeling Platform: Hazus provides standardized methodology to
evaluate impact of disasters
• Physical
• Economic
• Social
LAS Project Approach: Expanded and validated methodology through
phased studies
1) Phase 1 Pilot Study - Community-centric
2) Phase 2 Regional Study - Region IV demonstration study
3) Phase 3 National Methodology – Nationwide methodology
4) Phase 4 National Study - UNDERWAY
11Losses Avoided as a Result of Adopting and Enforcing Hazard-Resistant Building Codes

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New FEMA Codes & Standards Policy
 Public Assistance (PAPPG/FP 104-009-2)
• Applies to SD, SSD, and Replacement
• Required to use latest codes

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Scope/Principles of Policy
 Any work related to buildings that FEMA pays for will be designed
and constructed in accordance with hazard provisions contained in
the latest edition of the International Codes and referenced
standards.
 Applies to all offices and Programs that deal with buildings and
structures, including disaster and non-disaster grants.
 Protect Lives and Property
 Increase Effectiveness and Support the Efficient Use of Federal
Dollars
 Inform Development of Nationally Recognized Voluntary Consensus-
Based Building Codes and Standards

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What Kinds of Work are Covered?
 Design
 Construction
 Alteration
 Retrofit
 Relocation
 Addition
 Replacement
 Repair
 Removal
 Demolition
 Equipment (HVAC, etc.)
 Construction practices
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Requirement: Use the Latest Codes
 The latest code edition from the International Code Council (or its
equivalent) must be used.
 Regulations, policies, grants, etc. must require the use of hazard-
resistant standards from the most recent ICC codes.

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Primary Hazard-Resistant Provisions
Primary
Hazard-
Resistant
Chapters
IBC IRC IEBC
Earthquake 16, 17, 18, 19, 21,
22, 23
3, 4, 6 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 13,
Appendices:
A1, A2, A3, A4,
A5
Wind 4, 15, 16, 17, 21,
23
3, 6, 7, 8, 9 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 13
Flood 1, 8, 11, 14, 16,
18, Appendix G
1, 3, 4 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, 11, 12, 13, 14

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Incorporated into Existing Programs - PA Required
Min. Standards Policy (PAPPG FP 104-009-2)
Public Assistance“…will use…hazard-resistant provisions in most recent
edition of the model building code (IBC, IEBC, and IRC) as of declaration
date.”
 In effect as of September 30th, 2016. See PAPPG Ch. 2 – Sec. VII.B.2.
April 2017
 Covers wind, seismic, and flood-prone areas
 Repair / Replacement / Retrofit design & construction must account for
hazards that may be relevant, regardless of which hazard caused the
damage.
 Require use of latest codes even if jurisdiction has older, or no, codes
in effect
 Highest flood elevation governs design - 44 CFR § 9.11(d) or
IBC/IRC/IEBC

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Codes Integrated in FIMA Programs
 Community Rating System
• CRS class depends on BCEGS score
• Credits given for “higher standards”
 Hazard Mitigation Assistance
• ASCE 24 as minimum criteria for elevation, dry
floodproofing, and mitigation reconstruction projects
• ICC 500 for storm shelters
• 5% initiative to adopt disaster-resistant building
code or improve BCEGS score
• Post-disaster code enforcement
 Mapping LiMWA on FIRM to delineate Coastal
A Zone
 NFIP Dry Floodproofing certification requires
design and construction follow ASCE 24.

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HMGP support for Building Codes
 Post Disaster Building Code Enforcement Grant
 Adopting and enforcing most recent edition of IBC/IRC
 Improving the BCEGS score
 Upgrading existing code to incorporate disaster resistant code
provisions
 Integrating flood-resistant building codes into floodplain management
ordinances.
 Certifying/training community code officials in the latest codes
 Increasing public awareness of disaster resistant building techniques
 States, local municipalities, tribes and territories in declared disasters
are eligible

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Resources
(http:// www.fema.gov/building-code-resources)
 Flood
• Flood Resistant Provisions of the 2015 International Codes
• Highlights of ASCE 24 Flood Resistant Design and Construction
• Reducing Flood Losses Through the International Codes: Coordinating
Building Codes and Floodplain Management Regulations
 Wind
• Wind Provisions in the 2015 IBC, IEBC, and IRC
• Highlights of ICC 500-2014, ICC/NSSA Standard for the Design and
Construction of Storm Shelters
 Earthquake
• NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other
Structures, 2015 Edition, FEMA P-1050

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Higher than NFIP Minimum
 Allows greater design flood and design flood elevation
 Provide specific flood and other load requirements,
including effects of scour and erosion
 Risk Category and Flood Design Class recognize
building’s importance
 Freeboard requirements for lowest floor, utilities,
floodproofing

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Higher than NFIP Minimum
 Restricts development in high
risk flood areas (landslide,
alluvial fan flooding, high
velocity flow)
 Coastal A Zone
 Flood openings required in
breakaway walls
 Inspections required upon
placement of lowest floor and
elevation documentation
required prior to final
inspection
 Dry floodproofing limitations

23. Building Codes Outreach an Communications –
Post Disaster

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27. Federal Insurance and Mitigation
Administration (FIMA) Moonshots

28. Mitigation Saves 2.0 – 2017 InterimReport
Released 1/11/18
Accessible via: https://www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/156979

29. Draft
National
Mitigation
Investment
Strategy

30. Goals for the NMIS
Recommendations
Increase the effectiveness of existing federal programs in reducing disaster
losses and increasing resilience
Incentivize significantly greater state, local, tribal, territorial and private
sector responsibility and contributions to long-term risk reduction
Provide guidance to federal agencies and departments, as well as state,
local, tribal, territorial entities and the private sector, to consider in making
resource allocation decisions

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What’s Next? New Initiatives
Building Science tasked with developing agency-wide strategy on
disaster resistant building codes in FY 19.
Building Science is monitoring/supporting policy
development/implementation of six provisions (out of over 60) of the
Disaster Recovery Reform Act (DRRA). These sections relate to building
codes pre and post-disaster, building safety assessments, earthquake
early warning and emergency power for critical facilities.
Building Science is providing support for the Disaster Cost-Share
Initiatives which is required under the Bipartisan Budget Act.
Building Science is supporting technical studies in Puerto Rico
Recovery related to industry standards for PA/Sectors to use with repair
projects.
Building Science continues developing and supporting code and
standard proposals – for IBC/IRC 2021, ASCE 24 and ICC-500 leveraging
new knowledge and lessons learned in disasters.

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Questions?
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