1.
Opportunities for Dry Beans
Ontario Bean Growers
February 2020

2.
Who we are
• Formed in 2013
• Regulated by the Farm ProductsMarketing
Commission
• Approximately 1000 growers – mostly located in
southwestern Ontario
• Represented by a 7 member board of directors
• Province is divided into 3 districts with 6 grower
delegates representing each district

3.
Howarewe funded?
• Grower license fees
(currently $6.80/MT)
• Government and other
funding programs

4.
What do we do?
MISSION: Our mission is to
collaborate with industry
partners through research
and development,to build
an innovative, sustainable
business environment and
promote the consumptionof
dry edible beans,
contributing to healthy
growth for all stakeholders.

5.
Areas of Focus
RESEARCH
MARKET PROMOTIONS &
COMMUNICATIONS
GROWER & AGRONOMIST RELATIONS
ADVOCACY & GOVERNMENT RELATIONS

6.
• Breeding
• Weed Management
• Pest/Disease Management
• Agronomy
• Health/Food Product Development
Research
To investin research that contributes to the
productivityand profitability of farmers growing
dry edible beans in Ontario.

7.
BeanBreedingPrograms at theUniversityof GuelphandAAFC

8.
Winter nursery Crossing in Greenhouse Plot Planting
Head rows Yield Trials Registration Trials

9.
F5
popln’s
selfed
F4
popln’s
selfed
crosses
2017
Bean
Breeding
F1
popln’s
selfed
bean
germplasm
parent
selection
currentyear 2017
previous year 2016
year 2015
year 2014
year 2013
next year 2018
F1
popln’s
selfed
crosses
2016
F1
popln’s
selfed
crosses
2015
F1
popln’s
selfed
crosses
2014
F1
popln’s
selfed
crosses
2013
bean
germplasm
parent
selection
headrows from selected
plants evaluated
single plants selected
from each family
F2
popln’s
selfed
F3
popln’s
selfed

10.
Preliminary Trial
/Lines Selected from
Headrows
Preliminary Trials
Not Inoculated (yield)
Advanced Trials (yield, harvestibility, disease
resistance, maturity, cooking, markers)
Lines are entered into
RegistrationTrials for two years
(yield, cooking quality)
Varieties are Registered
Preliminary Trial Lines
Inoculated with
Anthracnose
Selection(yield, disease resistance)
Preliminary Trial Lines
Inoculated with
Xanthomonas
In two years 2019
In three years 2020
In four and five years
2021/2022
In six years 2023

11.
• Health professional conferences
• Consumer events
• Development and promotion of resource
materials
• Social Media
• Partnerships with other commodities
• Partnerships with food bloggers
• School programs
Market Promotions & Communications
To support the profitability and sustainability of
Ontario’s bean growers by carrying out activities
that contribute to increased consumptionof dry
edible beans

12.
Do Beans Fight Cancer?
• Research by Dr. Henry Thompson of
the University of Colorado links bean
consumptionwith an organism’s ability
to fight the spread of cancer in rats. The
study showed the more beans the rats
ate, the greater their protection against
cancer. While all the beans used in the
research had some affect, white kidney
beans (also called cannellini beans), in
particular, had amazing results and
inhibited the spread of the cancer by as
much as 70 per cent.

13.
GROWER & AGRONOMIST RELATIONS
To engage with growers, potential growers and agronomists with an aim to transfer
knowledge and encourage the inclusion of dry edible beans in crop rotations across
the province.
ADVOCACY & GOVERNMENT RELATIONS
To engage with government and industry stakeholders on issues that affect the
productivity, profitability and sustainabilityof Ontario’s bean growers.

14.
Good Beans Grow in Ontario!
Black turtle beans. Also
known as black beans
or pretos,these havea
nut-like flavour and are
very popular in
Caribbean,Mexican and
South American cuisine.
Ontario blackbeans
mainlyhead to the US
and Mexico.
White, pea or navy
beans. White beans are
the most popular edible
bean crop grown in
Ontario and are often
used in soups,salads
and baked bean dishes.
Most of these are
exported to the United
Kingdom for baked
beans.
Cranberry beans.
Known as romano or
speckled sugar,
cranberrybeans are
very popular in Italian
cuisine, and havethe
highest folate count of
all beans.They are also
great beans to use in
chili.

15.
Good Beans Grow in Ontario!
Dark red kidney
beans. Great in soups,
casseroles, chili and
salads. They are a
popular choice among
Ontario and Quebec
farmers.
Light red kidney
beans. These are
kidney-shaped and
maroon in colour.
Because of their
texture, these beans
are great in salads,
casseroles and
Mexican-style recipes.
White kidney beans.
Also known as
cannellini or alubia
beans, they are white
or cream coloured.
When puréed, they
are similar to creamy
mashed potatoes and
make a perfect low-fat
base for dips and
spreads.

16.
Good Beans Grow in Ontario!
Adzuki beans. The
adzuki bean has been
grown and used for
many centuries in
Asian countries and
was introduced to
Japan from China
about 1,000 years ago.
Its principal use is as a
confectionery item.
Otebo beans. Otebo
beans are a specialty
class of bean that is
marketed to Japan for
use in confectionary
paste. Otebos are
another great bean to
use in chili.

17.
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Lbs/acre
Acres
Crop Year
Bean Production in Ontario
White Black Cranberry Kidney Adzuki Japan/Other
White2 Black3 Cranberry4 Kidney5 Adzuki6 Japan/Other7

18.
Bean Acres in
Ontario
2019 130,062
2018 107,107
2017 116,881
2016 107,119
2015 134,548
2014 119,945

19.
2017 Exports
US - 58%, 5,145,499
Mexico - 32%, 2,776,032
Guatemala - 2%, 201,400
BLACKBEAN EXPORTSIN KILOGRAMS(TOP 3 COUNTRIES)
Total kg exported
worldwide8,806,488

20.
2017 Exports
Japan - 63%, 13,209,862
Taiwan - 27%, 5,617,793
US - 3%, 621,360
ADZUKI BEAN EXPORTS
Total kg exported
worldwide20,992,666

21.
2017 Exports
UK - 28.9%, 3,834,901
US - 28.7%, 3,799,984
Italy - 5.7%, 757,033
KIDNEY BEANEXPORTS
Total kg exported
worldwide13,224,076

22.
2017 Exports
UK - 67%, 48,668,581
Italy - 11%, 7,779,894
New Zealand - 8%,
5,726,926
WHITE BEANEXPORTS
Total kg exported
worldwide72,400,146

23.
2017 Exports
Italy - 26.5%, 6,048,273
Japan - 25.8%, 5,915,905
US -13.2%, 3,021,721
CRANBERRY BEANS,OTEBOBEANSAND OTHEREXPORTS
Total kg exported
worldwide22,861,436

24.
2017 Exports
UK - 38%, 52,733,307
Japan - 15%, 20,400,123
Italy - 11%, 14,699,164
US - 10%, 14,235,211
New Zealand - 5%,
6,486,854
Taiwan - 4%, 5,901,739
Australia - 2%, 2,873,734
Mexico - 2%, 2,776,032
TOP EXPORTCOUNTRIES
Total kg exported
worldwide138,284,812

25.
Why growdry beans?
• ‘added value’ crop to increase
revenue
• Diversify rotation
• Moretimely planting of winter
wheat
• Divide workload over a larger
planting and harvestwindow
• Plant late May/early June;
harvestfrommid-September
and Thanksgiving

26.
Why grow dry beans?
• However, growing dry beans
also assumes more risk than
growing soybeans
• More sensitive to excess
moisture, weed competition,
and disease. Most market
classes do not weather well if
harvest is delayed
Crop Budget Worksheet - 2020 Season
As of: Jan 24, 2020
Conv.
CROP RR CORN IP RR SOYS WHITE BEANS SOFT RED SOFT RED
SEED $134.40 $85.40 $107.80 $66.95 $75.00 $75.00
N $86.10 $21.97 $66.87 $66.87
P $42.06 $22.95 $22.95 $27.00 $30.78 $30.78
K $29.93 $27.57 $27.57 $23.63 $13.47 $13.47
S $8.03 $8.03
HERBICIDE $33.55 $102.04 $54.53 $71.53 $8.95 $8.95
INSECTICIDE $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
FUNGICIDE $13.95 $0.00 $0.00 $43.25 $26.99 $26.99
PREHARVEST BDWN $14.39 $15.41 $5.36 $5.36
CROP INSURANCE $11.39 $8.58 $8.58 $16.93 $5.77 $5.77
TILLAGE $53.00 $0.00 $0.00 $65.00 $0.00 $0.00
ROLLING $7.00 $7.00 $7.00
PLANTING $21.00 $22.00 $22.00 $22.00 $23.00 $23.00
SPRAYING $18.00 $18.00 $18.00 $27.00 $18.00 $18.00
FERTILIZING $10.25 $10.25 $10.25 $10.25 $10.25 $10.25
PULL/WINDROW
HARVEST $44.00 $43.00 $43.00 $44.00 $41.00 $41.00
TRUCKING $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
PICK CHARGES (5%) $16.36
DRYING (C 25%, WB 20%) $89.25 $0.00 $0.00 $17.11 $0.00 $0.00
LAND $300.00 $300.00 $300.00 $300.00 $300.00 $300.00
TOTAL COSTS $886.89 $661.18 $621.68 $795.39 $633.47 $633.47
YIELD BUSHEL/ACRE 200.00 50.00 55.00 95.00 85.00
PRICE PER BUSHEL $4.86 $11.63 $11.63 $6.98 $6.98
YIELD BAGS/ACRE 24.00
PRICE PER BAG $38.00
PREMIUM PER BUSHEL $3.25
VALUE OF STRAW $0.00 $0.00
TOTAL GROSS 972.00 744.00 639.65 912.00 663.10 593.30
NET PER ACRE $85.11 $82.82 $17.97 $116.61 $29.63 -$40.17
No-Till Conventional EARLY LATE

27.
Tips for success
• Field Selection
• Fertility, drainage, croppinghistory
• Weed/PestManagement
• Proactive,few rescueoptions
• Harvest Management
• Equipmentprep and pre-harvestmanagement
Dry beans aren’t soybeans!Work with an agronomist
who has experiencewith dry beans.
Aboveall else, remember that you get paid for
QUALITY!

28.
Field Selection
• Dry beans have a smaller, less robust root system
than other field crops
• Moresusceptibleto root rots
• Not good scavengers
• Choose a well-drained field with good
background fertility levels and good soil structure
• Potash is especially important
• Watch for SCN
• Consider weed spectrum when choosing a field as
well – perennial vs annual, resistance issues

29.
Weed Control
Herbicide options are more limited,
especially in-crop, so timely, proactive weed
control is critical
• A good weed control program preventsa lot of
harvest headaches
Start with a good, solid pre-plant program –
we’ve got the most options here
• Work with your agronomist to tailor the program to
your tillage practices and weed spectrum
Goal is to do the bulk of the work pre-plant,
and tidy up escapes in-season

30.
Weed Control
• When building your weed control program:
• Know your weed spectrum
• Resistance, problem weeds
• Consider your tillage practices
• Fleabane, herbicides that require
incorporation
• Dry beans are incredibly bad at competing with
weeds!
• Well studied by Dr. Sikkema

31.
Disease Control
• Anthracnose
• Some varieties offer
resistanceto one or
multiple races of
anthracnose
• Best practice is to
couple resistancewith
effectivefungicides

32.
Disease Control
• White mold
• Dependent on
weather conditions
• Rotate crops or avoid
fields with a history of
higher white mold
incidence
• Fungicides need to be
applied preventatively
• 2 passes may be
required

33.
Insects
• Potato Leaf Hopper – usually kept in check by
seed treatment, but can occasionallybreak
through and will require control
• Western Bean Cutworm – very difficult to scout
for in dry beans and we don’t have a good
measuring stick to use to decide when control is
required.
• Yield is not impacted; however, beans with
insect feeding are pick

34.
Harvest Management
• Glyphosate is no longer an
option as a pre-harvest aid
• The product you use may
depend on your weed
pressure at this time
• Lamb’s Quarters
• Follow all recommendations
on rates, water volume and
application timing carefully
• Bright, sunny warm day,
20+gal/ac water
• Usually takes 7-10 days for
crop to dry down to harvest

35.
Harvest Management
• Header set-up
• An air reel is a must for clipping beans, even
on a draper!
• Knife shatter is common
• Consider lifters if crop is lodged
• Adjust knife/feeder house angle to get knife
as close to the ground as possible
• Watch for stones – you will pick some up.
Check your stone trap!

36.
HarvestManagement
• Combine Set-up
• Slow downs (edible bean kit)
• Perforated screens
• Slow down unloading system
if possible
• Operator’s Manual will have
initial threshing settings
• As well as any other
specific adjustments

37.
Harvest Management
• You are paid for dry, clean, QUALITY beans
• Don’t push harvestwindowearly in the morning
or late at night when beans are ‘tough’
• Don’t harvestbeans beforethey are ready, even if
wet weather is coming
• If you are ‘mud tagging’ beans, QUIT
• If you had heavy weed pressureat desiccation,you
may need to wait longer for weeds to dry down
• Avoid harvestinghigh-moistureOR low-moisture
beans

38.
Other Management
Opportunities
• Dry beans aren’t soybeans, but that doesn’t
mean we can’t use some of the same tools
• Variable rate planting
• Some analytical data suggests dry beans
have most consistentreturn to VR
planting
• Targeted fungicide applications
• Improve ROI of 2nd white mold
application by targeting high-risk areas

39.
@ontariobeans