1. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪Primavera‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ: ﻫﻭ ﻜل ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻴﺩ ﻋﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻨﺨﺘﺎﺭ ‪ Resource‬ﻓﺘﻔﺘﺢ ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻹﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ‪Data‬‬
‫ﻴﺘﻡ ﺇﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻘل ‪ Resource‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺯ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻴﺩ ﻋﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺯ؟‬
‫ﻤﺎﻟﻔﺭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻭﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻫﻲ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺘﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻻ ﺘﻨﻘﺹ ﻤﻊ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻤﺩﺓ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ.‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻜﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻤﺩﺓ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻤﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻜﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ.‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻟﻠﺘﻤﻴﻴﺯ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻴﺩ ﻋﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻨﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺩل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻑ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﺜﻼ :‬
‫‪ L‬ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﺩ ﻋﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫‪ M‬ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻟﺔ‬
‫‪ Q‬ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻟﻨﻔﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﻘﺴﻤﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ " ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ١ + ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ٢ + ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ٣ " .‬
‫ﺒﺤﺎل ﺤﺼﻭل ﻨﻘﺹ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﺘﻜﻤل ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺹ ﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻜﻴﻑ ﺴﻨﺩﺨل ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﻥ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺴﺏ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﻬﻡ ﻤﻭﺯﻋﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ٣،٢،١‬
‫ﺒﻌﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻨﻜﺘﺏ * ‪ Civil‬ﺜﻡ ﻨﻜﺘﺏ .…,1‪Civil‬‬
‫ﻡ.ﺴﻤﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ‬
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2. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ Primavera
Civil *
Civil 1
Civil 2 ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻤﺔ ﺘﺸﻜل‬
Civil 3
‫ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻅﻬﺭ ﻨﻘﺹ ﺒﻬﺎ‬Civil1 ‫ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺴﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻴﺫﻫﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ‬Civil * ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻤﻠﻨﺎ ﺘﺴﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ‬
.‫ ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬Civil1 ‫ ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻲ‬Civil2 ‫ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﻤﻥ‬
Civil 1 ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺭﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
Civil 2
Civil3
.‫ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻤﺔ * ﺘﺘﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬Civil* ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﺔ ﺘﺘﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺘﻬﺎ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻭﻜل ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻤﺜﻼ‬
‫ ﻨﺩﺨل ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻨﺩﺨل ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻭﻓﻲ‬Resource ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻨﺩﺨل ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﻤﺜﻼ ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬
Resource Description unit price per unit
LABOUR
L_CARPEN ‫ﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﺒﻴﺘﻭﻥ‬ 2 carpenter no. 20.00/day
L_ELECTR ‫ﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ‬ 2worker no. 11.00/day
L_MASON ‫ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ 2worker no. 11.00/day
L_OR_CAR "‫2 ﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﺸﺭﻗﻲ "ﻟﻸﺒﻭﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ‬worker(oriental carpenter) no. 11.00/day
L_OVERH ‫ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜل ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ‬over head man power no. 285232.00
L_O_work ‫ﻋﺎﻤل ﻋﺎﺩﻱ‬ ordinary worker no. 5.00/day
L_PAINT ‫ﺩﻫﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﻱ‬ Painter 1 Worker no. 5.00/day
L_PLAST ‫ﻤﻠﻴﺱ‬ 2 worker no. 11.00/day
L_POLISH ‫ﺠﻠﻰ‬ Polisher 1 worker 5.00/day
L_SANITA ‫ﻤﻌﻠﻡ ﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬ Sanitary 2 worker no. 11.00/day
L_STUDY ‫ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜل ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ‬Study the project 114100.00/day
L_ST_FIX ‫ﺤﺩﺍﺩ‬ Steel fixer 2 worker no. 20.00/day
L_SURVEY ‫ﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺴ‬ Survey -3 labor no. 16.00/day
L_TILES ‫ﺒﻼﻁ‬ 2worker no. 11.00/day
MACHINE
M_BAGER ‫ﺒﺎﻏﺭ‬ Bagger no. 240.00/day
M_BOBCAT BobCat no. 120.00/day
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3. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ Primavera
M_BUS ‫ﺒﺎﺹ‬ Bus no. 80.00/day
M_CAR ‫ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬ Car for eng. no. 40.00/day
M_CA_CRA ‫ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻤﻊ ﺭﺍﻓﻌﺔ‬ Car with crane no. 160.00/day
M_COMPAC ‫ﻤﺩﺤﻠﺔ‬ Compactor no. 40.00/day
M_VIBRAT ‫ﺭﺠﺎﺝ ﺨﺭﺴﺎﻨﺔ‬ Vibrator no. 20.00/day
M_SERVIS ‫ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ Service no. 50.00/day
M_TRACTO ‫ﺘﺭﺍﻜﺘﻭﺭ‬ Tractors no. 50.00/day
M_WH_LO ‫ﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ‬ Wheel loaders no. 240.00/day
M_TRUCK ‫ﺸﺎﺤﻨﺔ‬ Truck 12 m3 no. 105.00/day
M_WATER ‫ﺸﺎﺤﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺼﻬﺭﻴﺞ‬ Truck for water 20 m3 no. 120.00/day
M_WL_CRA ‫ﺭﺍﻓﻌﺔ ﺠﺩﺍﺭﻴﺔ‬ Wall crane no. 16.00/day
MATERIAL
Q_ASPHAL ‫ﺃﺴﻔﻠﺕ‬ Asphalt work Ls 66480.00
Q_AS_ELA ‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻹﻨﻬﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬Fixture electricity material Ls 2200.00
Q_AS_SSA ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺇﻨﻬﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬ Fixture sanitary material Ls 3200.00
Q_BARDOR ‫ﺤﺠﺭ ﺭﺼﻴﻑ‬ Curb stone material Lm 3.00
Q_BLC_FG ‫ﺒﻠﻭﻙ ﻟﻠﺴﻭﺭ‬ Block for fence M3 20.00
Q_BLOCK ‫ﺒﻠﻭﻙ‬ Block M3 20.00
Q_BL_ELA ‫ ﺴﻭﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺀ‬Primary installation electrical material Ls 200.00
Q_BL_SAA ‫ ﺴﻭﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬Primary installation sanitary material Ls 1000.00
Q_CERAMI ‫ﺴﻴﺭﺍﻤﻴﻙ‬ Ceramic material M2 4.50
Q_COL_LI ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺇﻨﺎﺭﺓ‬ Columns for external lighting no 200.00
Q_CONC20 ٢٠٠ ‫ﺨﺭﺴﺎﻨﺔ ﻋﻴﺎﺭ‬ Concrete 200kg/m3 M3 17.00
Q_CONC30 ٣٠٠ ‫ﺨﺭﺴﺎﻨﺔ ﻋﻴﺎﺭ‬ Concrete 300 kg/m3 M3 20.00
Q_CONC35 ٣٥٠ ‫ﺨﺭﺴﺎﻨﺔ ﻋﻴﺎﺭ‬ Concrete 350 kg/m3 M3 23.00
Q_CRU_S ‫ﺒﻘﺎﻴﺎ ﻤﻘﺎﻟﻊ‬ Crushed stone material M3 3.50
Q_ELE_DI ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻏﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺀ‬ Tran station dis. Ls 13500.00
Q_EX_E_M ‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺩﻴﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ‬External electrical material Ls 132000.00
Q_E_S_PM ‫ ﺍﻷﻨﺎﺒﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ‬External sanitary pipe material Lm
Q_FORMWO ٣ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺏ ﺨﺸﺒﻲ ﻡ‬ Formwork material per m3 M3 3.00
Q_FORM_W ٢‫ﻗﺎﻟﺏ ﺨﺸﺒﻲ ﻡ‬ Formwork material per m2 M2 1.00
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4. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ Primavera
Q_F_F_M ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬ Fire fighting material Ls 31000.00
Q_GARDEN ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﺍﺌﻕ‬ Garden material Ls
Q_INSULA ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل‬ Insulation material & Labour Ls 1600.00
Q_INS_UW‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻏﺯل ﺨﺯﺍﻥ ﻤﻁﻤﻭﺭ‬Insulation for under ground water tank M2 3.00
Q_MORTAR ‫ﻤﻭﻨﺔ‬ Mortar M3 17.00
Q_PAINTM ‫ﺩﻫﺎﻥ‬ Paint material Ton
Q_PAVIOR ‫ﺒﻼﻁ ﺃﺭﻀﻴﺔ‬ Cement screed PC_Paviors M2 3.70
Q_PI_RNE‫ﻤﻭﺍﺴﻴﺭ ﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺼﺭﻑ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻁﺎﺭ‬Pipe for rain water net work Lm 4.50
Q_PI_SNE‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺴﻴﺭ ﺼﺭﻑ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻤﺎﻟﺤﺔ‬Pipe for sanitary water net work Lm 4.00
Q_PUMP ‫ﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺦ‬ Pumping station material Ls 11635.00
Q_REINFO ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ‬ Steel for concrete Ton 260.00
Q_RENDR ‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺭﺸﺔ ﺘﻴﺭﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬External rendering with white cement M3 75.00
Q_SCIRTI ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻠﺔ‬ Skirting material Lm 1.50
Q_SERVIC ‫ﻨﺜﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ Paper & computer & …. Ls 171140.00
Q_SEW_PI ‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺴﻴﺭ ﺼﺭﻑ ﺼﺤﻲ‬Swage pipe Lm 22.50
Q_SOIL ‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺭﺩﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬Back filling from barrow M3 1.60
Q_STAIRS ‫ﺒﻼﻁ ﺃﺩﺭﺍﺝ‬ Stair tiles material Lm 4.50
Q_STEEL ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﻤﻌﺩﻨﻴﺔ‬ Metal works Ton 700.00
Q_ST_GAT ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻭﺍﺒﺔ‬ Gate for fence no. 1000.00
Q_TEL_M ‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ‬External telephone material Ls 16850.00
Q_TERAZO ‫ﺒﻼﻁ ﻋﺎﺩﻱ‬ Terrazzo material*10 M2 3.00
Q_U_B_PI ‫ ﻤﻭﺍﺴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻤﻭﺭ‬Un gr . pipe for building Ls 542.50
Q_WI_ELA ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺴﻴﺭ ﺍﻷﺴﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬Wire electricity material Ls 600.00
Q_W_DOOR ‫ﺃﺒﻭﺍﺏ ﺨﺸﺒﻴﺔ‬ Wooden doors Ls 3375.00
‫ ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻟﺘﺤﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ‬Resource ‫ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺒﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ‬Driving ‫ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬Driving ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻤﺘﺤﻜﻡ ﺃﻡ ﻻ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻟﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ ﺒﻤﺘﺤﻜﻡ ؟ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﺤﻜﻡ ﻓﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻨﻘﺼﺕ ﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺓ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺘﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻤﺘﺤﻜﻡ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺘﻨﻘﺹ ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ‬
Driving ‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻁ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻨﻔﻌل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻡ.ﺴﻤﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ‬
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5. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪Primavera‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ‪ Base‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺒﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ‪ Resource‬ﺭﻭﺯﻨﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺯﻨﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﻗﻤﻬﺎ ١ ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺴﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺭﻭﺯﻨﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺸﻜل ﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻴﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﺴﻡ ﺭﻭﺯﻨﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻭﻴﺴﻤﺢ‬
‫ﺒﺈﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻱ ﺘﻌﺩﻴل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ‪ Resource‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ‪ Limits‬ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻭﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ‪ Prices‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻑ‬
‫١- ‪ Limits‬ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻫﻲ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﻓﺭﺓ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬
‫‪ Normal‬ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻅﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﺄﻤﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫‪Max‬‬
‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﻩ ﻟﻪ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻴﻥ ١- ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺘﺤﺩﺩ ٥١ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻹﻨﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ‬
‫٢-ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺘﺴﺄل ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﻜﻡ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻹﻨﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺒﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﻴﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻜﺎﻤل ﻭﺒﺎﻷﺨﻴﺭ ﻴﺤﺴﺏ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﻜﻡ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﻤﻌﻪ ﻴﺯﻴﺩﻩ ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ٠٢ % ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺞ‬
‫ﻜـ‪Normal‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ‪ through‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺒﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ‪ Resource‬ﺘﻌﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻡ.ﺴﻤﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ‬
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6. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪Primavera‬‬
‫ﻤﺜﻼ ﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺴﺘﺅﻤﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﺨﻼ ﻤﺩﺓ ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ .... ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ....... ٥١ ﻋﺎﻤل ﺜﻡ ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﺩﺓ ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﻤﺜﻼ ﻟﺩﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﺎل ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﺴﻴﻨﻬﻭﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﻡ ﺒﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ..... ﻓﺒﻌﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ٥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﻭ ٠١ ﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﻨﺎ ﻭﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ٠٢ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻋﻤﺎل ، ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﺸﻬﺭ ﺘﻌﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻜﺎﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻨﺩﺨﻠﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﺩ ‪ Through‬ﻤﺜﻼ ﻨﺩﺨل:‬
‫‪Normal‬‬ ‫‪Max‬‬ ‫‪Through‬‬
‫21‬ ‫51‬ ‫7002/5/2‬
‫02‬ ‫52‬ ‫7002/9/3‬
‫21‬ ‫51‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺭﻙ ﻓﺭﺍﻍ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻡ ٥١ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﺎﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ‬
‫‪ Price‬ﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ‪ Calculate‬؟‬
‫ﻟﻨﻔﺭﺽ ﺃﻨﻨﺎ ﺃﺩﺨﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺒﻁﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺜﻡ ﺤﺩﺙ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻌﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻨﻀﻐﻁ ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ‪ Calculate‬ﻓﻴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ ﻨﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴل ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺭ‬ ‫٠٠١ ﺃﺼﺒﺢ ٥٢١‬
‫ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻜﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ‪ Transfare‬؟‬
‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ‪ Calendars‬؟‬
‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﻴﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺯﻨﺎﻤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺘﻌﺩﻴل ﺭﻭﺯﻨﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻥ ﺴﻨﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻋﻥ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ‪ Resource Curve‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻨﻔﺘﺤﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﺔ ‪Data‬‬
‫‪Data‬‬ ‫‪Resource curve‬‬
‫ﻡ.ﺴﻤﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ‬
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7. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪Primavera‬‬
‫ﻫﻭ ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺩﺨﻭل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ، ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺼﻔﺭ ﻴﻌﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﻴﻌﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻨﻀﻐﻁ ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ‪ Display‬ﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﻓﺭﺓ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﻓﺭﺓ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ؟‬
‫ﻨﻨﻘﺭ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻓﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﺃﺸﻜﺎل‬
‫ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ‬
‫‪ Linear‬ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﺢ ﺒﺎﻟﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ‬ ‫١-‬
‫ﻨﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﻜل ﻴﻭﻡ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ " ﻤﺜﻠﺙ ﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﻴﻥ "‬
‫‪ Triangular‬ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﺢ ﺒﺎﻟﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ‬ ‫٢-‬
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻗﻠﻴل ﻭﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺜﻡ ﻴﻘل ﻤﺭﺓ ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ Triangular Increase‬ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﺢ ﺒﺎﻟﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ‬ ‫٣-‬
‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻤﺜﻠﺜﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ‬
‫‪ Triangular Decrease‬ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﺢ ﺒﺎﻟﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ‬ ‫٤-‬
‫ﻤﺜﻠﺙ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻗﺹ ، ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻭﺘﻨﺎﻗﺹ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻨﻀﻐﻁ ﺯﺭ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﻓﺎﺌﺩﺘﻴﻥ:‬ ‫ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ؟‬
‫١- ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫٢- ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻤﻨﻪ ﻤﻊ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺨﻔﻴﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻤﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻨﻌﻭﺩ ﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ‪Resource Curve‬‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻡ.ﺴﻤﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ‬
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8. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪Primavera‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻨﻀﻴﻑ ﺴﻁﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺴﻡ ‪ " Designator‬ﻨﺤﺫﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭ ٩ ﻭﻨﻀﻴﻑ ﺒﺩﻴﻼ ﻟﻪ‬
‫"ﻭﻨﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﻭﻨﻜﺘﺏ ﻭﺼﻑ ﻟﻪ‬
‫‪Designator‬‬ ‫‪Title‬‬
‫9‬ ‫‪test‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﻨﻌﺩل ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﻭﺒﺔ ﺃﺴﻔﻠﻪ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﻨﻼﺤﻅ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻟﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺓ ‪ Total‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺭ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺘﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻥ ٠٠١ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪١٠٠ = Total‬‬
‫ﻭﻹﺭﺠﺎﻉ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ Total‬ﺇﻟﻰ ٠٠١ ﻨﻀﻐﻁ ﺯﺭ ‪ Prorate‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺯﺭ ﺒﺈﺭﺠﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫٠٠١% ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺘﺨﻔﻴﻀﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﻟﻜل ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺭ ‪ Template‬ﺃﻨﻪ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎ ﻭﻴﺸﻜل ﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﻴﻌﺩل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻨﻀﻐﻁ ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ‪ Template‬ﻓﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ‬
‫ﻨﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺸﻜﻼ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻡ.ﺴﻤﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ‬
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9. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪Primavera‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﻨﻀﻐﻁ ‪OK‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﻨﺠﺭﻱ ﺘﻌﺩﻴﻼﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻨﻀﻐﻁ ﺯﺭ ‪ Prorate‬ﺜﻡ ‪. OK‬‬
‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ‪ Restore‬ﻫﻭ ﺇﺭﺠﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺭﺍﻀﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﺯﺓ .‬
‫ﻨﻨﺘﻘل ﺍﻵﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺁﺨﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﺔ ‪ Data‬ﻭﻫﻭ ‪ Cost account‬ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﻴﺔ:‬
‫‪Data‬‬ ‫‪Cost Account‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻨﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ ﻭﺸﺭﺤﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻨﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻜﻴﻑ ﺘﺒﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﻴﺔ؟‬
‫١- ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺎﻨﺘﻴﻥ ﻤﺜﻼ ٢١ ﺃﻭ ٣١ ﺃﻭ ٤١ ﺃﻭ ..... ﺤﺘﻰ ٩٩‬
‫٢- ﻜل ﺜﻨﺎﺌﻲ ﻴﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺜﻼﺜﻲ ﻭﻜل ﺜﻼﺜﻲ ﻴﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺭﺒﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﻜل ﺭﺒﺎﻋﻲ ﻴﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺨﻤﺎﺴﻲ ﻭﻜل ﺨﻤﺎﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺴﺩﺍﺴﻲ ﻭﻜل ﺴﺩﺍﺴﻲ ﻴﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻋﺸﺭﻱ ﻷﻨﻪ ﺭﻗﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺍﺘﻴﺭ .‬
‫ﻡ.ﺴﻤﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ‬
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10. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪Primavera‬‬
‫ﻤﺜﻼ ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺇﺩﺨﺎل ٠٠٠٠١ ﻓﺎﺘﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﺤﺕ ﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ .‬
‫ﻤﺜﻼ ﻟﻨﻔﺭﺽ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺭﻗﻡ ٢١ "ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺎﻨﺘﻴﻥ " ﻴﻌﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﻟﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﻤﺜل ) ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،‬
‫ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺎﺕ ، ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺵ ، ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻤﻠﻜﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ..( ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ]ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻋﺩ‬
‫)ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ( ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻭﻉ )ﺒﺎﻟﻀﻭﺍﺤﻲ([‬
‫ﻴﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ ﺴﻨ ‪‬ﺭﻑ ﺃﻥ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﻴﺘﺒﻊ ﻟﻠﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺭﻗﻡ ٢١ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺒﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻌ‬
‫ﺜﻼﺙ ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺜﻼ ١٢١ ﺃﻭ ٢٢١ ......ﺜﻡ ﻴﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺘﻴﻥ ﺜﻼﺙ ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬
‫)ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ( ١٢١‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ٢١ ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‬
‫١١١٢٢١‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ ١١٢٢١‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ ١٢٢١‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻭﻉ )ﺒﺎﻟﻀﻭﺍﺤﻲ( ٢٢١‬
‫ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ٢١٢٢١‬
‫ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺎﺕ ٢٢٢١‬
‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻴﺠﻤﻊ ﻜل ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺍﺘﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻡ ١١١٢١ ﻤﺜﻼ ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻴﺭﺤﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ .....‬
‫ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ‪ Primavera‬ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ‪ Primavera‬ﻫﻭ ٣١ ﻭﻟﻴﺱ ﻋﺸﺭﻱ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻟﺩﻴﻪ ٢١ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻭﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﺤﺭﻓﻲ .‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻴﻊ ﻤﺜﻼ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ، ﻓﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺘﻜﺎﻟﻴﻑ ﻤﻘﺎﻭل + ﺘﻜﺎﻟﻴﻑ ﻴﺩ ﻋﺎﻤﻠﻪ + ﺘﻜﺎﻟﻴﻑ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ + ........، ﺇﺫﻥ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻻ ﻨﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺭﻗﻡ ﻟﻴﺩ ﻋﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺒل ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺘﻤﻴﻴﺯ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ ، ﻓﺒﺤﺎل ﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ ‪ L‬ﻤﺜﻼ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺘﻌﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ..‬
‫‪L‬‬ ‫ﻴﺩ ﻋﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫‪M‬‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ‬
‫‪S‬‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﻭل ﺒﺎﻁﻥ‬
‫‪O‬‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﺨﺎﻨﺔ ﺤﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﻴﻌﻁﻲ ﺭﻗﻡ ﺇﺠﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻭﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﻴﻌﻁﻲ ﻟﻜل ﻓﺌﺔ ﻟﻭﺤﺩﻫﺎ.‬
‫ﺒﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ " ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ‪ " Cost Accounts‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ .‬
‫ﻨﻜﺘﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ ﻭﺸﺭﺤﻬﺎ ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻨﻜﺘﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻡ.ﺴﻤﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭ‬
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