1.
Platzhalter Titelbild
Exploring Color Contrast:
A Natural and Simple
Measure to Protect the
Vulnerable Road User
Anywhere in the World
Marisa Cruz
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkie
15.09.14

2.
Turkey and Brazil:
Similarities and challenges of
two economic potencies
Population: 72 752 324
GDP Growth in 2013: 4,0%
Death of Vulnerable road users: 26%
Population: 194 946 488
GDP Growth in 2013: 2,5%
Death of Vulnerable road users: 52%
Source: WHO Status Report 2013
Global megatrends pose new challenges on road markings

3.
Platzhalter Titelbild
Exploring Color Contrast:
A Natural and Simple
Measure to Protect the
Vulnerable Road User
Anywhere in the World
Marisa Cruz
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkie
15 .09.14

4.
1. Trends in road infrastructure
2. Pavement markings contribute to
road safety
3. Examples – real life projects
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

5.
Global megatrends pose new
challenges on road markings
Urbanization &
accessibility
Life cycle costs &
climate
protection
MEGATRENDS
Mobility & smart
cars
Growing population
& accidents increase
Durability Economy Visibility Sustainability
New challenges for Road Markings
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

6.
By the end of 2008, half of the world's
population was living in urban areas
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
World Population (%)
Urbanization Projection
Urban
Rural
According to the UN Department of Economic and
Social Affairs:
• By the end of 2008, half of the world's population lived in
Source: UN World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011 Revision
urban areas
• Urban areas are expected to absorb population growth
• Until 1970 Tokyo and New York were megacities
• In 2011 the world counted 23 megacities!
• By 2050 it should be between 60-100 megacities!
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

7.
Sustainable transportation in
megacities is a big challenge
Different transport modes tend to be part of
urbanization
• High population density:
o Density: 4,900 per Km2 on
average
o Amsterdam: 493 per Km2
• Increase in vehicles ownership
• Reduced travel speed, increase
in congestion and pollution
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14 Source: THE FUTURE OF PERSONAL TRANSPORTATION IN MEGACITIES OF
THE WORLD , UMTRI 2010

8.
Policy makers around the world recognize
the need of sustainable transport to better
accommodate urbanization
European Union – White Paper on
Transport:
Working towards a competitive and
resource efficient transport system
• Roadmap of 40 concrete initiatives that
will increase mobility and will cut Green
House Emission in transport by 60% by
2050.
• Transport modes that contribute to less
congestion and lower environmental
impact should be preferred
• Road safety of vulnerable road users
must be the number one priority
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

9.
There is an urgent need for road
infrastructure planning that
accommodates urbanization
Road Infrastructure:
Planning Approval Equipping
Slow Process!
• All measures can not be implemented simultaneously
• Need to identify cost-effective measures that provide
immediate positive impact!
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14
Construction

10.
Color contrast brings flow to
transportation
Cities have tested exclusive bus/bicycle/pedestrian lanes and
are actively looking for cost efficient solutions with immediate
positive impact
Increased visibility means:
Increased Safety
• Separates fast from slow moving transportation
• Color minimizes intrusion into special lanes and
hereby improves safety of users
Increased Economic Incentive
• Reduced travel times, more fuel efficient
transportation and increased ridership.
• Protection of vulnerable road users
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14
PHOTO © Transpo Industries

11.
1. Trends in road infrastructure
2. Pavement markings contribute to
road safety
3. Examples – real life projects
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

12.
Pavement markings contribute to road
safety: 320 National Road, Guiyang City - China
1
1 Anti-skid resistance
3
o Ideal for heavy traffic regions
o Descending curves
o Rainy conditions
2 Color contrast
o Influence road user behavior
o “Educates” road user
Nearly no maintenance cost
2
Area markings must:
• Maintain high wear-resistance
• Provide enhanced UV
stability
• Be easy to apply
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

13.
The choice of the road marking
material can impact results quality
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14
Advantages Disadvantages
Epoxi based Long historic of use • Long curing time
• Unpractical handling
• Poor UV-resistance
Thermoplastic Low no-tracking time • High temperature handling (>180°C)
• Poor color retention
• Prone to deformation in hot climates
Solvent-based Paints Low initial costs • Low durability
• High VOC emission
• Halogenated organic solvents
restricted in some countries
Cold Plastics • Great UV-resistance
• Excelent color
retention
• Any color, any
shape
• High durability =
Best
environmental
performance
• Higher initial costs

14.
Area Markings based on DEGAROUTE® -
Features and benefits
• Application in a wide range of surface
temperatures (5°C-45°C)
• No special equipment needed
• No external heat required
• Can be applied on asphalt or concrete surfaces
• Highly wear-resistant
• Provide enhanced UV
stability
• Easy to apply:
o any shape
o any color
o any grip
PHOTO © Transpo Industries PHOTO © Transpo Industries
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

15.
Cold Plastics for Area
Markings:
Performance evaluation

16.
Cold Plastics Area Marking
Performance evaluation
Turntable test
according to EN 13197 (Wear Simulation)
AETEC – Madrid, ES
Outdoor Surveillance Roundabout
B50 at Kilometer 86.55
Markt St. Martin, Austria
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

17.
AETEC Turntable Test
Visual Consistency
• Outstanding performance after 8,000,000 wheel passages,
 which corresponds to simulating 8 years life cycle at 40.000ADT.
Visual consistency:
Pictures taken at the beginning
(prior to test run)
After 8,000,000 wheel passages
Corresponds to the “double” of the
traffic load of “Approval Class P7”!
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

18.
AETEC Turntable Test
Skid Resistance
Comparison of SRT value of DEGAROUTE® based RTU Area Marking
SRT
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
DEGAROUTE #1
DEGAROUTE #2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Nr. of wheel roll over in Mio.
SRT 45
Even after 8 Million wheel passages, minimum SRT requirements of 45 have been met
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

19.
Cold Plastics Area Marking
Performance evaluation
Turntable test
according to EN 13197 (Wear Simulation)
AETEC – Madrid, ES
Outdoor Surveillance Roundabout
B50 at Kilometer 86.55
Markt St. Martin, Austria
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14
Source: GoogleEarth

20.
Application: Roundabout
ADT: 15,000 vehicles
Coating material: ready-to-use containing
DEGAROUTE®
tomato red, ~RAL 3013
Application: 07/2007
Evaluation: 10/2010
10/2012
Evaluation Institute: Technical College and
Research Institute for the
Chemical Industry, Vienna
Test Method: Grip coefficient PTV*
(Skid resistance)
according to
EN 1436 (2009)
Source: GoogleEarth
Roundabout – Outdoor Surveillance
Markt St. Martin, Austria
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

21.
Results:
For all the measurement points…the minimum skid resistance
values of 45 PTV (SRT) units were exceeded, thus satisfying the
requirements of the standards.
• Material to be set as standard for roundabouts in Burgenland, Austria
• Main focus - potentially street sections with high traffic density and accident prone
• Other federal states to be informed about results
54 52 50 52 51 50 55 52
PTV (SRT)
47 47 51 48
64 64
50
67 72
53
67
61
52
65 64
57
71 68
51
71 68 65 65 68
67 67 65
61
100
80
60
40
20
0
Minimum
Skid
Resistance
45
mid. ext.
Markt St.
Martin
int.
mid. ext.
undeveloped
mid. ext. int.
Eisenstadt
mid. ext. int.
Landsee
int.
2008
2010
Average SRT Values of Area Marking Roundabout Markt St. Martin, Austria
2012
Roundabout – Outdoor Surveillance
Markt St. Martin, Austria
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14
All pictures and information property of Evonik Industries and Transpo Industries

22.
1. Trends in road infrastructure
2. Functional road markings contribute
to road safety
3. Examples – real life projects
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

23.
DEGAROUTE® around the world –
Pavement markings - Examples
Pavement markings based on DEGAROUTE® prove their
contribution to road safety in projects all around the world
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

24.
Crosswalk Safety in Denver, CO
Several pedestrians a year were injured at this
Denver Crosswalk
High visibility color was used to decrease that
number by 50%.
Installation
• Red area markings were used to define
crosswalks at three busy intersections
• The largest of the intersections was 16
lanes of traffic.
• The material covered a 440m2 area
• Reflective beads were added to the surface
of the white accent stripe.
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14
PHOTO © Transpo Industries
Source: GoogleEarth

25.
In summary: Colored Area Markings can
influence positively road user behavior
Colored area markings contribute
to road safety by offering:
• Anti-skid resistance
• Color contrast that influences
road user behavior
• Better traffic flow and GHG
emission reduction
• A sustainable contribution to
smoother urbanization and
accessibility.
Thank you for your attention!
marisa.cruz@hotmail.com
Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14