2. Definition
• Nasal Polyp
– Hypertrophied, edematous, pedunculated mucosa
prolapsing out of the nose or paranasal sinus
• Simple nasal polyps
– Antrochoanal Polyp
– Ethmoidal polyps
3. • Properties of Nasal Polyps
– Pale /gray in color
– Glistening
– Smooth surface
– Pedunculated
– Insensitive to touch
– Mobile
– Does not bleed on probing
5. Etiology and origin
• Etiology:
– Infection
– Proetz Theory (anomaly of maxillary sinus ostium)
– Bernoulli’s phenomenon ( pressure drop next to
constriction)
• Origin:
– Arises from maxillary sinus mucosa and exits via
its natural or accessory ostium and extends to
choana
6. Why does AC polyp prefer to extend
towards the choana?
1. Maxillary ostium is directed posteriorly
2. Cilia beat posteriorly
3. Air current flows posteriorly in a greater force
4. Nasal floor slopes posteriorly
5. Posterior nasal cavity is larger
6. Negative oropharyngeal pressure while swallowing
7. Parts of Killian’s Antrochoanal polyp
• Antral: globular
• Choanal: globular
• Nasal: flattened
transversely
• Neck : present at
maxillary ostium
8. Clinical presentation
• Common in children and adolescent age
• Unilateral nasal obstruction
• Unilateral nasal discharge
• Occasionally nasal mass
11. Examination of nasal mass
• Inspection : side, size, number, color, surface,
pedunculated or sessile, origin, attachment
• Probing : consistency, sensitivity to touch, bleeding on
touch, can be passed all around
• Shrinkage with decongestant drops
12. Probe test
Antrochoanal polyp Hypertrophied turbinate
Insensitive to pain Sensitive
Probe can be passed all
around
Cannot be passed
Mobile Not mobile
42. Antrochoanal polyp Ethmoid polyps
Seen in adolescents & children Adult
Etiology is infection Allergic
Single Multiple
Unilateral Bilateral
Shape is tri-lobed (dumb-bell) Grape like
Grows backward Forward
Treatment is surgical Medical + Surgical
Recurrence is uncommon Common