Many companies leverage the advantages of having a private cloud running on OpenStack: fewer costs, more control, no vendor lock-in. However, they also need to take care of operations and maintenance. OpenStack monitoring and troubleshooting are nontrivial tasks and require time, knowledge, and experience. Hundreds of log files are written by numerous services with several configuration files to countless virtual and physical machines - the possibilities for errors seem endless. Manual root cause analysis is like looking for the needle in the haystack. We're going to look at common problems in OpenStack environments, analyze their root cause, and discuss options for effective and efficient operations and troubleshooting.