Server-side WebRTC Infrastructure

3. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 3 Dialogic Overview Experienced Over 25 years connecting and adding value to Enterprise and Service Provider Networks Global presence US HQ (New Jersey) / 20+ Regional offices Strengths Products are widely deployed Impacting 4+ billion mobile subscribers 15+ Billion VoIP minutes / month Excellent Support Customers include 48 of top 50 mobile carriers and 80% of the Fortune 1000 Approximately 200 patents issued or pending Key Product & Services Rich Media Processing PowerMedia: Media Server / IMS MRF / SR140 Class 4 Softswitch / IMS MGCF and VoIP Gateways Mobile Signaling / Diameter Signaling Controllers

6. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 6 WebRTC Signaling Servers Relay SDP between Clients Real WebRTC Session Description Protocol (SDP) example (partial) Source: webrtchacks.com/sdp-anatomy

7. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 7 Signaling Considerations Outside of WebRTC User authentication Security & access controls Mobile push services Federation The rest of your application

9. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 9 How does WebRTC Traverse Firewalls & NATs? media FW & NAT FW & NAT client client 10.10.1.1 192.168.10.1200.2.20.2 2 100.1.10.1 1 Signaling Server

10. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 10 Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) A protocol for establishing a peer-to-peer media connection between peers behind NAT and firewall devices. ICE requires 2 kinds of servers: 1. STUN 2. TURN

11. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 11 STUN – What is my external IP address? Signaling Server media client 10.10.1.1 200.2.20.2 2 What is my external IP address? FW & NAT STUN Server Your IP address is 200.2.20.22

13. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 13 Comparing STUN vs. TURN STUN Server TURN Server What it does? Returns an external IP address Relays media When is it needed? Almost always Rarely How much does it cost to operate? Inexpensive Expensive Does it affect voice quality? No Possible

14. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 14 Peer-to-Peer vs. Peer-to-Server Server client client media Peer-to-Peer client client Media Server Signaling Server Peer-to-Server

21. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 21 Mesh does not Scale for Many Video Conferees 21 Full Mesh Clients get overloaded Encode costs more than decode Limited uplink bandwidth Inconsistent performance across participants

22. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 22 Traditional Telephony Approach: MCU 22 Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) Good at manipulating all media Transcoding Transizing Transrating Interworking Server-side CPU intensive Client can request different conference mixes Usually client friendly Downsizing & mixing can reduce bandwidth Fewer client streams to process MCU

23. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 23 Traditional MCU Resource Usage 23 Worst-case process: 1. Each stream decoded at the MCU 2. MCU mixes each conferee 3. MCU encodes individual mix for each conferee MCU 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 45 5 6 6 Ingress streams 6 Egress streams 6 MCU decodes 6 MCU encodes 6

24. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 24 Efficient MCU Resource Usage 24 Efficient process: 1. Each stream decoded at the MCU 2. MCU mixes each conferee 3. MCU shares same encoder for all conferees MCU 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ingress streams 6 Egress streams 6 MCU decodes 6 MCU encodes 1 1

25. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 25 Resource Efficient MCU with Encoder Sharing 30%-50% reduction in compute resources 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 15 17 20 SystemCPUUtilization Conferees Encoder sharing vs. multi-encode Traditional MCU Dialogic Evolved MCU

26. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 26 Newer Approach: SFU 26 SFU Selective Forwarding Unit (SFU) routing Clients send one & receive many Client can instruct SFU which streams to send High throughput Can be lots of downlink bandwidth Low latency

27. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 27 Newer Approach: SFU 27 SFU Selective Forwarding Unit (SFU) routing Clients send one & receive many Client can instruct SFU which streams to send High throughput Can be lots of downlink bandwidth Low latency

28. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 28 New WebRTC Approach: Simulcast 28 SFU High bitrate Low bitrate Selective Forwarding Unit (SFU) with Simulcast Clients send multiple streams to SFU one high-bit rate one or more lower-bit Client directs SFU which streams to receive Reduces bandwidth vs. SFU Simulcast in WebRTC coming

30. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 30 Future Approach with VP9 – SVC? 30 SFU MediumHigh LowLayered bitrates: Selective Forwarding Unit (SFU) with Scalable Video Coding (SVC) Clients send layered stream to SFU Layers have varying bitrates – time, size, quality SFU directs who gets what Coming to WebRTC eventually

33. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 33 Case Study: Video Recording Service Application highlights Record live events – E.g. Kids soccer game Share event recording with family/friends – Multi-party stream Many Recording Formats .3GP .mp4 .wav Many Codecs G.711, Opus, AMR-NB and AMR- WB (voice) VP8, H.264 (video) Message Storage Local storage Remote message deposit via MSRP HTTP/ MSRP REST (HTTP) Application Server Media Server Message Storage RTP (media) Solution Highlights Software-based Media Server Virtualized (VM) and COTS deployment High Availability and Geographical Redundancy Scalability via Media Resource Broker Architected to support 3.5M Subscriber Network Recording Remote Message Deposit Key Functions Transcoding WebRTC Signaling WAN

34. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 34 Core WebRTC Gateway & Peripheral Functions HTTP-to-SIP (H2S) Media GW Transcoder Web SIP SBC STUN Server TURN Server API Gateway Regulates API calls Provides media anchoring for NAT Traversal Tells a client what its IP address is Converts non- standard web signaling to SIP Web SDK/ Widget Mobile SDK/ Widget Kit for adding Calls to webpage Kit for adding Calls to native applications Converts one codec to another, trans-rates/sizing Encryption & transport interworking SIP interworking, media binding, and security

35. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 35 WebRTC Gateways Come in Many Packages API Gateway H2S Media GW SBC Transcoder STUN Server TURN Server API Gateway H2S Media GW SBC Transcoder STUN Server TURN Server H2S Media GW Transcoder SBC API Gateway STUN Server TURN Server API Gateway H2S SBCMedia GW Transcoder STUN Server TURN Server API Gateway H2S SBC Media GW Transcoder STUN Server TURN Server API Gateway H2S Media GW SBC Transcoder STUN Server TURN Server

36. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 36 Example: Large, Web-Centric Network Architecture Web server SIP/IMS Network SIP Web Media Gateway Firewall APIManager API Calls H2S Server Identity Server App Server App Server WSS server STUN/ TURN Internal REST APIs WebRTC Browser

37. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL: © COPYRIGHT 2015 DIALOGIC INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 37 WebRTC Servers Summary Server Type Why/when you need it Signaling Server Required to setup a WebRTC session STUN Server Provides NAT traversal as part of ICE protocol TURN Server Relays media when direct connection cannot be established Media Server Provides conferencing, recording, media interworking, transcoding, stream processing WebRTC Gateway Interworks signaling and media with existing VoIP networks

Server-side WebRTC Infrastructure

Dialogic Inc.

Server-side WebRTC Infrastructure