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A Deep Dive Into Container Technology
🐳📦🚢
Việt Đàm - DevOps@TopDev
18/12/2020
- What is container?
- What is Container Runtime ?
- Low-Level Runtime
- High-Level Runtime
- OCI (Open Container Initiative)
- CRI (Container Runtime Interface)
- How Container Runtime matter in Kubernetes?
- Container Runtime Comparison
Index
What is container?
Consistent Environment
Run Anywhere - Portability
Isolation
Container vs Virtual Machine (VMs)
Architecture in Linux
namespaces
- Mount - isolate filesystem mount points
- UTS - isolate hostname and domainname
- IPC - isolate interprocess communication (IPC) resources
- PID - isolate the PID number space
- Network - isolate network interfaces
- User - isolate UID/GID number spaces
- Cgroup - isolate cgroup root directory
GO has what we need?
- Good asynchronous primitives (wait
for I/O, wait for processes, … )
- low-level interfaces (manage
processes, syscalls, … )
- extensive standard library and data
types
- strong cross compilation support
- strong duck typing
cgroups
Security
- SELinux
- AppArmor
- Seccomp
- Linux Capabilities
Docker Architecture
What is Container Runtime ?
Low-level Runtime
High-level Runtime
OCI (Open Container Initiative)
- OCI Distribution Specification
- OCI Runtime Specification
- OCI Image Format
K8s Architecture
Container Runtime Comparison
cri-o + runc
cri-containerd + gvisor (runsc)
- www.redhat.com
- kubernetes.io
- docker.com
- mobyproject.org
- opencontainers.org
- cncf.io
- podman.io
Source
- containerd.io
- cri-o.io
- dzone.com
- kubedex.com
- Iximiuz.com
- Sysdig.com
- containerd.io

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A deep dive into container technology - Vietnam Web Summit 2020 (18/12/2020)

Editor's Notes

  1. Xin chào các bạn mình Việt Đàm đến từ TopDev ngày hôm nay mình được vinh dự tham gia VWS 2020 chủ đề lần này mình sẽ chia sẽ đến các bạn về công nghệ rất là hot trong những năm vừa qua đó là Công Nghệ Container Thì khi nhắc đến Container thì chắc các bạn cũng nghĩ đến những công cụ rất hot đó
  2. không gian - tiến trình ABCD - duy nhất Docker 7 không gian cô lập
  3. tại sao dùng golang => demo
  4. pivot root Layer
  5. CGROUP đoạn mã xấu -> tê liệt máy phát triển Google tích hợp Kernel năm 2008 -> phân chia, giới hạn , CPU, Mem , băng thông cgroups cấu trúc phân cấp -> cgroups con (child) sẽ thừa hưởng các thuộc tính từ cgroups cha (parent). -------------------- - tài nguyên - 10 cgroup tương ứng 10 màu các khu vực màu không nằm đè lên nhau -> riêng biệt 1 group phân chia nhiều khu vực cấu hình: on fly, persisten basis máy ảo : cần ảo hoá phần cứng
  6. Selinux - giới hạn khả năng truy cập vào tài nguyên hệ thống của risk applications AppArmor - tương tự SELinux Seccomp - dùng để lọc lệnh gọi vào system (syscall) từ ứng dụng Linux Capabilities - là những đơn vị quyền (previlege). Đa số các bạn nghĩ rằng root là có tất cả quyền lực. Không hẳn như vậy, user root sở hữu tất cả các capability mới là có tất cả quyền lực
  7. đa phần lập trình viên không can thiệp nhiều thường dùng những tools, thư viện high-level để giao tiếp trực tiếp setup namespace và cgroups và chạy những lệnh bên trong namespace và cgroup runc được dùng rộng rãi runc tích hợp chuẩn OCI runtime
  8. lớp ở trên low-level Trong khi low-level thực hiện chạy container thì high-level vẫn chuyển, giải nén, di chuyển cho low-level thông thường, high-level chạy dưới dạng chế độ ngầm như 1 service và gRPC/Web APIs để có thể giao tiếp tool, thư viện Containerd cũng giống runc được tách ra từ Docker
  9. chuẩn mang tính chất trừu tượng OCI Distribustion Spec chuẩn hoá những giao thức API liên quan đến việc phân phối container image Registry, Client, Push, Pull, Config, Tag OCI Runtime Spec chuẩn hoá những cái cấu hình, môi trường thực thi và vòng đời của 1 container - đa nền tảng, consistent OCI Image chuẩn để đóng gói ứng dụng - manifest, an image index, tập hợp filesystem layers, configuration.
  10. crio cho phép chạy trực tiếp với K8s giảm chi phí bảo trì tương thích với OCI - runtime
  11. container không phải là sandbox thực thụ trong khi đó container chạy ứng dụng ko tin cậy và chứa mã độc. Sử dụng một kernel duy nhất
  12. image status không chênh lệnh thời gian nhiều không đề cập pull image