1. The Next IT – ‘Innovation Transformation’
Making Healthy ‘Mash-ups’ of Openness, Digital Media
& Human Capital
DHA:OI MIT

2. DHA:OI MIT
The Content of the Audience
is more important than
The Content of the Talk

3. A smartphone dongle for diagnosis of infectious diseases at the point of care
Prev | Table of Contents | Next
Sci Transl Med 4 February 2015
DHA:OI MIT

4. Obligatory Profound Quote
The Most Important Product of
the Mines…
---Frederick Le Play
(1806 - 1882)
DHA:OI MIT

5. …is the Miner.
---Frederick Le Play
(1806 - 1882)
DHA:OI MIT

6. My 21st Century Update & Upgrade of LePlay
The Most Important Product of
the Network is the Networker.
---Michael Schrage
DHA:OI MIT

7. My 21st Century Update & Upgrade of LePlay
The Kinds of Networks We Design & Build…
DHA:OI MIT

8. My 21st Century Update & Upgrade of LePlay
….Should Reflect & Respect The Kind(s) of People
We Want Our Networkers To Become
DHA:OI MIT

9. Our ‘Open Innovation’ Question/Challenge
What Kind of ‘Networkers’ Do We Want Our Health
Care Networks To Create?
DHA:OI MIT

10. Human Capital: Not Just Doctors, Nurses, Technicians, Administrators & ‘Providers’
DHA:OI MIT

11. With apologies to Dickens…
A Tale of Two Networks
DHA:OI MIT

12. Archibald Cochrane (1909–1988):
the father of evidence-based medicine
Effectiveness and Efficiency:
Random Reflections on Health Services
[1972]
You should randomise till it hurts
DHA:OI MIT

13. 34K People Worldwide
DHA:OI MIT

14. The new GE: Google, everywhere [Economist]
http://www.economist.com/news/business/21594259-string-deals-internet-giant-has-positioned-itself-become-big-inventor-and?
DHA:OI MIT

15. Google Glucose-in-Tears Contact Lens
DHA:OI MIT

16. DHA:OI MIT

17. ‘All whimper, no bang…’ [2008-2011]
DHA:OI MIT

18. The ‘Secret Sauce’ is ‘Network Effects’
DHA:OI MIT

19. Core Web 2.0 Design Principle
The service automatically gets better
the more people use it
DHA:OI MIT

20. DHA:OI MIT

21. Understanding ‘Network Effects’
“Google gets smarter every time someone makes a link on the
web. Google gets smarter every time someone makes a search.
It gets smarter every time someone clicks on an ad. And it
immediately acts on that information to improve the experience
for everyone else.
It’s for this reason I argue that the real heart of Web 2.0 is
harnessing collective intelligence.”
DHA:OI MIT

22. What Does ‘Web 2.0’ Ask Participants To Become?
DHA:OI MIT

23. ‘Collective Intelligence’ as ‘Organizing Principle’
DHA:OI MIT

24. DHA:OI MIT
Recommendation Engines: ‘Network Effects’ Avatar

25. Two-Sided Markets
DHA:OI MIT

26. DHA:OI MIT

27. Network Effects
DHA:OI MIT

28. Telemedicine
DHA:OI MIT

29. Crowd-funding Health Care Innovation?
DHA:OI MIT

30. Salman Khan/Khan Academy
DHA:OI MIT

31. Network Effects/Collective Intelligences
How Might Health Care Provisioners Cultivate Appropriate
‘Khan Academies’ for Care-givers,
Care-receivers and Care-contributors alike?
DHA:OI MIT

32. My ‘Open Innovation’ Thrust & Takeaway
Designing and Aligning ‘Network Effects’ To
Better Attain Better Health Care Outcomes
DHA:OI MIT

33. Should Health Care Enterprises Have a
CNEO
DHA:OI MIT

34. DHA:OI MIT
Our 4 As Network Effects Ingredients
• Apps
• APIs
• Analytics
• Architectures

35. Enabling New/Amplifying Existing Competences
DHA:OI MIT

36. DIY
DHA:OI MIT

37. DHA:OI MIT

38. [How] Do You Want To Support/Engage With Self-Quantifying Customers/Clients…..?
DHA:OI MIT

39. Shazam
DHA:OI MIT

40. Medical Shazam
DHA:OI MIT

41. DHA:OI MIT
The ‘Secret Sauce’ Enabling ‘Network Effects’
Interoperability

42. ‘Interoperability’ Radically Transforms the
Economics of and Opportunities for
Interdisciplinary Innovation
DHA:OI MIT

43. Systems ‘Integration’
DHA:OI MIT

44. (Inter)Actions Speak Louder Than Words
Interconnectivity
isn’t
Interoperability
DHA:OI MIT

45. DHA:OI MIT

46. Interoperability: From ‘Components’ to ‘Devices’
DHA:OI MIT

47. Interoperability: Provide/Accept ‘Services’
DHA:OI MIT

48. DHA:OI MIT

49. DHA:OI MIT

50. http://www.programmableweb.com/apis/directory
DHA:OI MIT

51. ‘Specifies How Software Components Should Interact With Each Other’
DHA:OI MIT

52. Providing self-service, one-to-many,
reusable interfaces
DHA:OI MIT

53. Lorinda Brandon
Mashery
“The path of an API now has gone from being a back-end programming
construct… to becoming a business and a product. That changes
the landscape significantly.
All of a sudden, your API has tiers and purchase plans to it. It becomes
exactly like any other product.”
DHA:OI MIT

54. PMP Public Media Platform
DHA:OI MIT

55. pi Steve Yegge
Google v Amazon
1) All teams will henceforth expose their data and functionality through service interfaces.
2) Teams must communicate with each other through these interfaces.
3) There will be no other form of inter-process communication allowed: no direct linking, no direct reads
of another team's data store, no shared-memory model, no back-doors whatsoever. The only
communication allowed is via service interface calls over the network.
4) It doesn't matter what technology they use. HTTP, Corba, Pubsub, custom protocols—doesn't matter.
Bezos doesn't care.
5) All service interfaces, without exception, must be designed from the ground up to be externalizable.
That is to say, the team must plan and design to be able to expose the interface to developers in the
outside world. No exceptions.
6) Anyone who doesn't do this will be fired.
DHA:OI MIT

56. What’s ‘The Service’?
DHA:OI MIT

57. From
“MashUps”
to
“MechUps”
DHA:OI MIT

58. Githubization [Interoperability Repositories]
DHA:OI MIT

59. Arduino [‘Kit-ification’]
DHA:OI MIT

60. Jose Gomez Marquez
MIT D-Lab
“The most surprising innovations in health care are often driven by
innovators who weren't even supposed to be playing
in the first place.
‘The medical device industrial complex will keep on chasing its
Towers of Babel only to have itself disrupted, thanks
to commoditization of sensors, more intelligent micromechanical
systems, etc.”
DHA:OI MIT

61. “What's traded on the market are not, as if often supposed by economists, physical entities
but the rights to perform certain actions…”
Ronald Coase
Nobel Economist 1991
DHA:OI MIT

62. The Next ‘IP’
‘Interoperability Permissions’ Will Increasingly
Define & Constrain ‘Openness,’ ‘Transparency’ and
‘Collaborative’ Research Issues
DHA:OI MIT

63. To Post-Industrially and Upgrade Trotsky
for the Innovation/Collaboration Future….
You May Not Be Interested in ‘Interoperability’ But
‘Interoperability’ Is Interested In You
DHA:OI MIT

64. Analytics
DHA:OI MIT

65. Effective Networks & Network Effects
- How do we make it easier for our ‘constitutents’
to participate & create ‘connections’ they see as valuable?
- How do we make it easier for ourselves to identify
value from constituent participation, contributions and links?
- How do we (re)organize ourselves to best harvest the value of this
‘collective intelligence’ to boost our quality, opportunity and HCX?
DHA:OI MIT

66. A Simple Schematic for Enabling Open Innovation ‘Network Effects’ Architectures
DHA:OI MIT
APIs
AppsAnalytics

67. Creating ‘Network Effects’ To Enable “Network Effects”
DHA:OI MIT
APIs
AppsAnalytics

68. What Culture Has For Lunch…..
DHA:OI MIT

69. Jari Arkko/IETF
DHA:OI MIT

70. Stuxnet Redux?
DHA:OI MIT

71. Aggregation/Anonymization/Informed Consent
DHA:OI MIT

72. 21st Century Hippocratic Imperative
Ex
‘Primum non nocere’
Ad/Et
‘Qui benefacit ex effectibus network?’
DHA:OI MIT

73. • Interoperability with
• Network Effects to attain
• Desirable Health Care Outcomes
DHA:OI MIT
Health Care Innovation Governance:
Aligning

74. in case of contact...
schrage@mit.edu
DHA:OI MIT

75. What do we call our ‘networkers’…and why??
‘Members’
vs
‘Patients’
DHA:OI MIT