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Introduction to Positive Youth Development
Engaging youth as partners in advancing our common
development goals
Introductions and Objectives
• The Youth Imperative
• Positive Youth
Development (PYD)
• Features of PYD
• ID youth engagement
opportunities in
development programs
• Resources to support your
work
• Introductions: Name, Org.,
Place, What helped you
thrive as a youth?
Defining Youth
Early Adolescence: 10-14
Adolescence: 15-19
Emerging Adulthood: 20-24
Transition into Adulthood: 25-29
Why Focus on Programming
with Youth?
• Largest generation of youth ever
• What happens during adolescence can have
life-long consequences across multiple transitions
• Second most significant period of growth and
particularly important period of brain growth and
restructuring
• Important period for developing key soft and life
skills that impact success in work, education,
family and how one behaves in society
• Critical for achieving our Development Objectives, the
SDGs
Problem
or
Opportunity?
Challenges for Youth
EDUCATION: 225 million youth, or 20% of youth are not in education, employment or training
EMPLOYMENT: 5 million new employees every month
SECURITY/VIOLENCE: 43% of the homicides are youth 15 to 29
REPRESENTATION: 6% of the representatives are under 35
Knowledge of adolescent development helps us
understand…
• The needs and characteristics of young people at
different points of their lives
• The different aspects of development that affect
youth behaviors and capacities
• When within life cycle to target youth and how
Adolescent Brain Video​
Shifts in youth programming
Old
• Focus on single sector, problem
• Focus on the individual.
• Developmental needs and
competencies ignored.
New
• Focus on whole child
• Focus on the individual as well as the
environment.
• Focus on developmental needs and
challenges.
• Include promotion and prevention.
• Focus on assets and competencies
• Engage youth
What is Positive Youth Development?
Positive Youth Development (PYD) engages youth along with their
families, communities and/or governments so that youth are
empowered to reach their full potential. PYD approaches build
skills, assets and competencies; foster healthy relationships;
strengthen the environment; and transform systems.
Source: YouthPower Learning
Key PYD Features
• Build skills, assets, competencies
• Healthy relationships and role models
• Youth engagement and contribution
• Safe spaces for constructive after school activities
• Access to integrated youth friendly services
• Belonging/membership
• Positive social norms, expectations and perceptions
Adapted from National Resource Council of
the National Academies of Science
Youth participation and contribution
• Voice in decision making
• Opportunity for leadership and growing responsibility
• Meaningful contributions valued by others creates self confidence and
competence
Increased voice and role in decision making.
Voice in youth programs, organized community service, youth led
activities, student government. Debate clubs.
Structures for participation in national political structures (National
Youth Council, political parties, ability to assemble/speak out,
youth accountability mechanisms
Structures to support youth volunteer activities Adapted from National Resource Council of
the National Academies of Science
Building Young Leaders in West Bank
Youth who participated in youth-led initiatives reported a competency growth of 3.9
points more than the average youth that participated in activities.
Youth Engagement Throughout the Project Lifecycle
• Youth-Led Rapid Assessment Process
• Youth input to program evaluation framework
• Youth M&E Fellows
• Baseline Assessment and Midline Assessment
conducted by youth enumerators
• Organizational Capacity Assessments – youth
input to design and assessments
Build skills, assets and competencies
• Academic, technical
• Soft and life skills
• Opportunity to build competence and passion
Encourage family support youth participation in skill building
Extracurricular activities available, developmentally
appropriate, intentional skill building
Policies, resources for youth skills programs, curriculum includes
life skills and after-school activities
Adapted from National Resource Council of
the National Academies of Science
Evidence on life/soft skills
“… rival IQ in predicting educational attainment, labor
market success, health, and criminality
… more malleable in adolescence than cognitive skills…
universally valued across culture, religion and society”
(James Heckman, Nobel Laureate economist)
Key Soft Skills for Youth Workforce Success
Source: USAID Workforce Connections Publication Implemented by ChildTrends
Key Soft Skills for Cross-Sectoral Youth Outcomes
Most Supported Skills
• Positive self-concept: Self-
confidence, self-efficacy, self-awareness
and beliefs, self-esteem, sense of well-being
and pride
• Self-control: Delay gratification,
control impulses, direct and focus
attention, manage emotions,
regulate behaviors
• Higher order thinking skills:
Problem solving, critical thinking,
decision making
Healthy relationships
• At least one caring and consistent adult
• Positive role models
• Healthy peer relationships
Parenting programs, teacher and youth worker selection and
training
Mentors, older youth tutors, apprenticeship sponsors, exposure
to speakers
Special programs for youth without family ties
Adapted from National Resource Council of
the National Academies of Science
Healthy Relationships
Developmental relationships
• Express care
• Challenge growth
• Provide support
• Share power (respect, give voice, listen)
• Expand possibilities
Safe spaces
• Physical safety
• Emotional safety
Youth mapping to identify safe and unsafe spaces
Physical and virtual safe spaces
Promoting safe peer group interaction (anti-bullying)
Parent and youth worker education on creating emotionally safe
environment
Policies and laws protect youth; support structure for youth exposed
to violence Adapted from National Resource Council of
the National Academies of Science
Accessing integrated youth friendly services
Integration among family, youth programs, school and
health services providers
Information on youth services
Youth friendly services
Developmentally appropriate
Training of service providers who interact with youth (health
service providers, teachers, police, judicial system)
Continuum of services
Programs for youth with special needs
Adapted from National Resource Council of
the National Academies of Science
Belonging
• Belief one is recognized and valued in community
• Social inclusion
• Support for cross-cultural competencies
Creating sense of community within youth programs, vocational
programs, youth activities
Opportunities to reach and include marginalized and
vulnerable youth
Anti-bullying programs; building tolerance and respect
Adapted from National Resource Council of
the National Academies of Science
Positive social norms, high
expectations and perceptions
• Clarity of rules and consequences; clear boundaries
• Rules respect and provide growing independence and
responsibility
• High expectations; positive perceptions
Parenting, youth worker and teacher education
Positive view of youth in media Adapted from National Resource Council of
the National Academies of Science
GREAT Project
Gender Roles, Equality, and Transformation
(Very young adolescents; older adolescents; newly married; new parents)
• Positive social norms: Research results =
improved gender-equitable attitudes;
equitable partner-decision making; household
role sharing; couple communication
• Healthy Relations/Mentors: Community
action groups; teachers; leaders; Research
results = Increased adult support/advice to
adolescents
• Build skills, assets; Youth engagement:
Participatory reflective dialogue in-school and
out-of school
• Access to services: village health worker
training and service linkage
• Multi-sectoral NGO/CSO/FBO & local govt.
involvement
YouthPower Action Mozambique
Placed a youth lens on existing OVC platform:
• Parenting and community leader groups on adolescent development
• Youth participation in Community Children’s Protection Committees,
community youth mapping, youth-led health fairs
• 10,781 youth heads of household integrated in VS&L groups
• Youth Score Card to assess how well youth are supported across 7
government services.
• Curriculum for adolescents in youth clubs and for parent/caregivers of
adolescents; supported youth study groups
• Modified the child status index for needs of adolescents
Achievements:
• Over 25,000 older OVC and
family members accessed
services; and
• Over 19,000 beneficiaries
participated in VS&L groups
with more than $250,000 in
savings.
Budget: $2.3 million
PYD in LMIC Meta Review
• 97 PYD programs in 57 countries
• 80% of PYD programs measured health outcomes. Less than 50%
democracy, eco growth, education, conflict outcomes
• Recommendations:
• Use evidence of effectiveness to improve content of programs
• Address structural and individual factors in multiple settings
• Create safe and youth friendly spaces
• Understand shifting gender norms and those of LGBTI
• Engage youth in design, implementation, and evaluation
• Teach generalizable skills to youth
• Use peer and adult mentoring
• Articulate a theory of change and measure PYD outcomes
• Ensure fidelity of implementation
• Conduct evaluations and RCT when possible
• Use PYD indicators to capture data
PYD Case Study Exercise Instructions
• Form small groups - read RFP excerpts
• Note where PYD could have been incorporated into the solicitation
• Use 7 Features Matrix to ID possible PYD interventions for responding to the
solicitation. Groups take notes on flipcharts.
• Share report out with neighboring group. Choose from among the PYD
interventions to highlight one PYD approach that has the most impact
during implementation.
• Questions for plenary:
• What are challenges you anticipate in implementing your
recommended PYD approaches?
• How would you mitigate these challenges in the implementation of the
project?
Introduction to Positive Youth Development
PYD Domains PYD Program Features
Assets
Skill building
Agency
Contribution Youth engagement and contribution
Enabling Environment
Healthy relationships and bonding
Belonging and membership
Positive norms, expectations, and
perceptions
Safe space
Access to age appropriate and youth friendly
services; integration among services
Resources for PYD
• PYD Measurement/Indicators Toolkit
• Meta Review of PYD in LMICs
• www.YouthPower.org
• PYD Webinars, and DC based training
• Briefs of Cross-sectoral Skills PYD outcomes on SRH,
Violence, Workforce Development
• Briefs on toolkit
Ex. Positive Reach - Citizen Security
Panama
• Power of 5 Campaign - Risks to Assets Media Campaigns
• Healthy Relations/Mentors
• Corp. Mentors, Family Strengthening, Peer Counseling
• Education for Decent Jobs
• Life Skills for Peace Secondary Curriculum
• My First Job - Employment Prep and Insertion
• Safe Spaces
• 28 Youth Outreach Centers - 9,000 youth
• Agents of Change
• Youth Against Violence Movement
• Youth Friendly Services - Ponte en Algo -Get Involved
• Private sector partners: Sponsorship of OCs and Media
• Systems: Municipal Youth Violence Prevention Committees/Plans
Engaging Youth in Development
1.
Po
ve
rty
Adolescent Girls Strategy
YouthPower IDIQ
Youth Policy
YID Programming
Feed the Future Strategy
DREAMS Initiative
PEPFAR
SCR 2250 and
P/CVE Strategy
Youth Economic
Opportunity
Let Girls Learn
Education in Crisis

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Introduction to Positive Youth Development

  • 1. Introduction to Positive Youth Development Engaging youth as partners in advancing our common development goals
  • 2. Introductions and Objectives • The Youth Imperative • Positive Youth Development (PYD) • Features of PYD • ID youth engagement opportunities in development programs • Resources to support your work • Introductions: Name, Org., Place, What helped you thrive as a youth?
  • 3. Defining Youth Early Adolescence: 10-14 Adolescence: 15-19 Emerging Adulthood: 20-24 Transition into Adulthood: 25-29
  • 4. Why Focus on Programming with Youth? • Largest generation of youth ever • What happens during adolescence can have life-long consequences across multiple transitions • Second most significant period of growth and particularly important period of brain growth and restructuring • Important period for developing key soft and life skills that impact success in work, education, family and how one behaves in society • Critical for achieving our Development Objectives, the SDGs
  • 6. Challenges for Youth EDUCATION: 225 million youth, or 20% of youth are not in education, employment or training EMPLOYMENT: 5 million new employees every month SECURITY/VIOLENCE: 43% of the homicides are youth 15 to 29 REPRESENTATION: 6% of the representatives are under 35
  • 7. Knowledge of adolescent development helps us understand… • The needs and characteristics of young people at different points of their lives • The different aspects of development that affect youth behaviors and capacities • When within life cycle to target youth and how
  • 9. Shifts in youth programming Old • Focus on single sector, problem • Focus on the individual. • Developmental needs and competencies ignored. New • Focus on whole child • Focus on the individual as well as the environment. • Focus on developmental needs and challenges. • Include promotion and prevention. • Focus on assets and competencies • Engage youth
  • 10. What is Positive Youth Development? Positive Youth Development (PYD) engages youth along with their families, communities and/or governments so that youth are empowered to reach their full potential. PYD approaches build skills, assets and competencies; foster healthy relationships; strengthen the environment; and transform systems. Source: YouthPower Learning
  • 11. Key PYD Features • Build skills, assets, competencies • Healthy relationships and role models • Youth engagement and contribution • Safe spaces for constructive after school activities • Access to integrated youth friendly services • Belonging/membership • Positive social norms, expectations and perceptions Adapted from National Resource Council of the National Academies of Science
  • 12. Youth participation and contribution • Voice in decision making • Opportunity for leadership and growing responsibility • Meaningful contributions valued by others creates self confidence and competence Increased voice and role in decision making. Voice in youth programs, organized community service, youth led activities, student government. Debate clubs. Structures for participation in national political structures (National Youth Council, political parties, ability to assemble/speak out, youth accountability mechanisms Structures to support youth volunteer activities Adapted from National Resource Council of the National Academies of Science
  • 13. Building Young Leaders in West Bank Youth who participated in youth-led initiatives reported a competency growth of 3.9 points more than the average youth that participated in activities. Youth Engagement Throughout the Project Lifecycle • Youth-Led Rapid Assessment Process • Youth input to program evaluation framework • Youth M&E Fellows • Baseline Assessment and Midline Assessment conducted by youth enumerators • Organizational Capacity Assessments – youth input to design and assessments
  • 14. Build skills, assets and competencies • Academic, technical • Soft and life skills • Opportunity to build competence and passion Encourage family support youth participation in skill building Extracurricular activities available, developmentally appropriate, intentional skill building Policies, resources for youth skills programs, curriculum includes life skills and after-school activities Adapted from National Resource Council of the National Academies of Science
  • 15. Evidence on life/soft skills “… rival IQ in predicting educational attainment, labor market success, health, and criminality … more malleable in adolescence than cognitive skills… universally valued across culture, religion and society” (James Heckman, Nobel Laureate economist)
  • 16. Key Soft Skills for Youth Workforce Success Source: USAID Workforce Connections Publication Implemented by ChildTrends
  • 17. Key Soft Skills for Cross-Sectoral Youth Outcomes
  • 18. Most Supported Skills • Positive self-concept: Self- confidence, self-efficacy, self-awareness and beliefs, self-esteem, sense of well-being and pride • Self-control: Delay gratification, control impulses, direct and focus attention, manage emotions, regulate behaviors • Higher order thinking skills: Problem solving, critical thinking, decision making
  • 19. Healthy relationships • At least one caring and consistent adult • Positive role models • Healthy peer relationships Parenting programs, teacher and youth worker selection and training Mentors, older youth tutors, apprenticeship sponsors, exposure to speakers Special programs for youth without family ties Adapted from National Resource Council of the National Academies of Science
  • 20. Healthy Relationships Developmental relationships • Express care • Challenge growth • Provide support • Share power (respect, give voice, listen) • Expand possibilities
  • 21. Safe spaces • Physical safety • Emotional safety Youth mapping to identify safe and unsafe spaces Physical and virtual safe spaces Promoting safe peer group interaction (anti-bullying) Parent and youth worker education on creating emotionally safe environment Policies and laws protect youth; support structure for youth exposed to violence Adapted from National Resource Council of the National Academies of Science
  • 22. Accessing integrated youth friendly services Integration among family, youth programs, school and health services providers Information on youth services Youth friendly services Developmentally appropriate Training of service providers who interact with youth (health service providers, teachers, police, judicial system) Continuum of services Programs for youth with special needs Adapted from National Resource Council of the National Academies of Science
  • 23. Belonging • Belief one is recognized and valued in community • Social inclusion • Support for cross-cultural competencies Creating sense of community within youth programs, vocational programs, youth activities Opportunities to reach and include marginalized and vulnerable youth Anti-bullying programs; building tolerance and respect Adapted from National Resource Council of the National Academies of Science
  • 24. Positive social norms, high expectations and perceptions • Clarity of rules and consequences; clear boundaries • Rules respect and provide growing independence and responsibility • High expectations; positive perceptions Parenting, youth worker and teacher education Positive view of youth in media Adapted from National Resource Council of the National Academies of Science
  • 25. GREAT Project Gender Roles, Equality, and Transformation (Very young adolescents; older adolescents; newly married; new parents) • Positive social norms: Research results = improved gender-equitable attitudes; equitable partner-decision making; household role sharing; couple communication • Healthy Relations/Mentors: Community action groups; teachers; leaders; Research results = Increased adult support/advice to adolescents • Build skills, assets; Youth engagement: Participatory reflective dialogue in-school and out-of school • Access to services: village health worker training and service linkage • Multi-sectoral NGO/CSO/FBO & local govt. involvement
  • 26. YouthPower Action Mozambique Placed a youth lens on existing OVC platform: • Parenting and community leader groups on adolescent development • Youth participation in Community Children’s Protection Committees, community youth mapping, youth-led health fairs • 10,781 youth heads of household integrated in VS&L groups • Youth Score Card to assess how well youth are supported across 7 government services. • Curriculum for adolescents in youth clubs and for parent/caregivers of adolescents; supported youth study groups • Modified the child status index for needs of adolescents Achievements: • Over 25,000 older OVC and family members accessed services; and • Over 19,000 beneficiaries participated in VS&L groups with more than $250,000 in savings. Budget: $2.3 million
  • 27. PYD in LMIC Meta Review • 97 PYD programs in 57 countries • 80% of PYD programs measured health outcomes. Less than 50% democracy, eco growth, education, conflict outcomes • Recommendations: • Use evidence of effectiveness to improve content of programs • Address structural and individual factors in multiple settings • Create safe and youth friendly spaces • Understand shifting gender norms and those of LGBTI • Engage youth in design, implementation, and evaluation • Teach generalizable skills to youth • Use peer and adult mentoring • Articulate a theory of change and measure PYD outcomes • Ensure fidelity of implementation • Conduct evaluations and RCT when possible • Use PYD indicators to capture data
  • 28. PYD Case Study Exercise Instructions • Form small groups - read RFP excerpts • Note where PYD could have been incorporated into the solicitation • Use 7 Features Matrix to ID possible PYD interventions for responding to the solicitation. Groups take notes on flipcharts. • Share report out with neighboring group. Choose from among the PYD interventions to highlight one PYD approach that has the most impact during implementation. • Questions for plenary: • What are challenges you anticipate in implementing your recommended PYD approaches? • How would you mitigate these challenges in the implementation of the project?
  • 30. PYD Domains PYD Program Features Assets Skill building Agency Contribution Youth engagement and contribution Enabling Environment Healthy relationships and bonding Belonging and membership Positive norms, expectations, and perceptions Safe space Access to age appropriate and youth friendly services; integration among services
  • 31. Resources for PYD • PYD Measurement/Indicators Toolkit • Meta Review of PYD in LMICs • www.YouthPower.org • PYD Webinars, and DC based training • Briefs of Cross-sectoral Skills PYD outcomes on SRH, Violence, Workforce Development • Briefs on toolkit
  • 32. Ex. Positive Reach - Citizen Security Panama • Power of 5 Campaign - Risks to Assets Media Campaigns • Healthy Relations/Mentors • Corp. Mentors, Family Strengthening, Peer Counseling • Education for Decent Jobs • Life Skills for Peace Secondary Curriculum • My First Job - Employment Prep and Insertion • Safe Spaces • 28 Youth Outreach Centers - 9,000 youth • Agents of Change • Youth Against Violence Movement • Youth Friendly Services - Ponte en Algo -Get Involved • Private sector partners: Sponsorship of OCs and Media • Systems: Municipal Youth Violence Prevention Committees/Plans
  • 33. Engaging Youth in Development 1. Po ve rty Adolescent Girls Strategy YouthPower IDIQ Youth Policy YID Programming Feed the Future Strategy DREAMS Initiative PEPFAR SCR 2250 and P/CVE Strategy Youth Economic Opportunity Let Girls Learn Education in Crisis