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The Global Land Programme
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Presented by Prof. Dr. Darla Munroe, The Ohio State University, USA, on 10 November 2020 at "International workshop: Enhancing wetland management and sustainable development"
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The Global Land Programme
- The Global Land Programme PEER webinar presentation 11.9.2020 Darla Munroe glp.earth @GloballandP
- Roadmap • Global Land Programme (activities, research agenda) Roadmap
- What is GLP? GLP is an interdisciplinary community of science and practice fostering the study of land systems and the co-design of solutions for global sustainability GLP Science and Implementation Strategy 2016-2021
- Global research on land systems and land change Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) International Project Office (IPO; CDE, Bern, Switzerland) Nodal Offices (Taiwan, Japan, China, Germany, Cypress, Cote d’Ivoire, Argentina, North America) Working Groups, Contributing Projects Open Science Meetings (next one in 2022 with virtual events in 2021) Coordinating, inspiring, networking, enabling, summarizing & supporting Connecting People, Land & Solutions
- 2015 GLP becomes a ”Global Research Project’ (GRP) of GLP origins
- Systemic perspectives Normative perspective
- http://e360.yale.edu/slideshow/as_roads_spread_in_rainforests_environmental_toll_grows/52/1/ What are the consequences? Why does land change? Land Systems Social-Ecological Systems Observing | Understanding | Modelling | Collaborating Land Use & Land Cover Multifunctional Landscapes Institutions | Markets | Telecoupling Stakeholders | Governance Management | Decisions Structure | Function Beyond human impacts
- Roadmap • Governance challenges – from territory to flow • Land conflict and mediating competition for land • Putting people on the map – dealing with integrated land use systems Land systems science – examples of integrated socioecological systems research
- Roadmap • Recent work/emerging themes/Outlook Roadmap
- Land System Science Observing Global Land Cover Change Remote Sensing ….From Land Cover to Land Use
- Roadmap ….From Land Cover to Land Use Measuring land use, land management and land use intensity linking RS / land-cover analysis with key knowledge gaps for GLP Essential for understanding • Pasture/livestock systems • Urban-rural dynamics • and much more..
- Market Influences on Land Use PH Verburg, EC Ellis, A Letourneau 2011 Land System Science Drivers of Global Land System Change To telecoupled land change..
- Roadmap ….From Land Cover to Land Use Mapping of supply chains https://trase.earth/ http://www.bvrio.org/ https://glp.earth
- Understanding dynamics of intensification (as opposed to extensification) & ‘sustainable intensification’
- © Erle Ellis Case Studies of Land System Change The Gold Standard for Causal Understanding
- Roadmap
- Roadmap • Land and Agenda 2030 • Evolution of SD, transformations, from what to how, role of land systems Roadmap
- April 2019 Land system science and land policy: Side by side or engaged together? What are the knowledge needs of societal partners (development orgs, governments, civil society actors, governments) concerned with land issues? How can land science provide knowledge that can help to understand way to navigate trade- offs & maximize synergies between competing claims on land resources? March 2019 Working to resolve knowledge gaps, untapped research and mutual blank spots
- Global systemic challenges • Science for earth system targets • State of the planet ILC
- Science-Policy Interfaces: An example: Remote sensing scientists supporting development of new change detection methods for the • Support and co-design with LMI national observatories • Collaboration between research groups towards a ‘normative’ goal – improving detection, tracking and monitoring of LSLAs worldwide • Ongoing – 2019 • esa workshop
- Getting involved in GLP! Become a member it is free, visit: glp.earth Follow us on Twitter @GlobalLandP Consider joining or starting a working group ‘Contribute’ your project – project info will be posted on glp.earth and more! ….. (Open Science Meetings, E-newsletters, participate in scientific workshops, share your research, advertise your activities/events, post your profile, etc.)
Editor's Notes
- Slide 10: Recent work/emerging themes/Outlook
- Notice the normative statement here
- A core task of GLP is the identification of scientific priorities and agenda setting through: synthesis of existing knowledge, meta-analysis of land-based research and targeted workshops. In addition, GLP provides a platform for the land system science community through networking activities, such as the organization of workshops and conferences. Interdisciplinary community: 2000+ researchers worldwide producing knowledge to better understand and guide research on land systems and land change Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) provides overall guidance International Project Office (IPO) key role in: Coordinating and supporting the growing community, managing knowledge, and reaching out to policy and decision makers. IPO is the central hub and face of the programme, based at the Centre for Development and Environment, at the University of Bern, an organization with over 20 years of experience in forging research partnerships for sustainable development in the global south Nodal Offices covering 8 regions of the world.. Working groups and CPs Last Open Science Meeting was in 2019 in Switzerland, next one we hope is in 2022 with virtual and regional events planned for 2021.
- 1600 members more than 100 countries
- The FE swoosh: (IGBP, Diversitas, IHDP, and ISSP CLICK As claudia referenced -- From GCTE and LUCC to GLP: or the LCLUC land change science community many were actually involved in these early programs GCTE and LUCC LUCC main achievements were the synthesis if case studies to identify common driving factors of change and causation, land use models allowed the exploration of future scenarios, LCLUC work became more interactive, focusing on drivers and impacts of LC including a wider range of interacting processes of LCLUC CLICK For the next 10 years GLP is a joint project of LCS/GLP emerges.. We call ourselves ‘interdisciplinary’ engage scientists from various disciplines – there is a lot more ground to cover..CLICK 2006 GLP becomes a joint project of IHDP and IGBP CLICK 2015 FUTURE EARTH — GLP becomes a GRP of FUTURE EARTH CLICK 2016 onward: NEW CHALLENGES – continue the excellence, marshal the community, bridge the science to policy..(better yet, to insure that excellence in some cases, co-produce the science!)
- We work with socioecological systems – land - terrestrial with a spatial context and these are the overarching assumptions or theories that guide our work (eg like evolution that guides our work… But we also each have a normative perspective…and more and more this is also a part of LSS… as it structures the questions we seek answer and for whom we seek to answer them…..
- The LSS community was forged by a shared worldview that the changing interactions among human systems, the terrestrial biosphere, atmosphere, and other Earth systems, are best understood as mediated by human use of land Accordingly, land systems “encompass all processes and activities related to the human use of land, including socio-economic, technological and organizational investments and arrangements as well as the benefits gained from land and the unintended social and ecological consequences” Change in land use—the purposes and activities through which people interact with land and terrestrial ecosystems—is a key process of global environmental change and, at the same time, generates many sustainability challenges Land is the nexus of competing development claims and of crucial societal and environmental challenges and opportunities to address food security, access to water, livelihoods, land degradation, biodiversity loss, and climate change. Solutions to these challenges must balance complex trade-offs and synergies at multiple scales and demand multiple paradigms and perspectives.
- Governance of land from territory to flow: Synthesis to look at big questions: telecoupling/leakage/governance Land conflict and Competition for land: Southern Myanmar conflicts are the rule not the exception/how can we play a role in the enabling environment to get out of the way of conflicts and foster solutions? Putting people on the map: both from a 1) LU perspective/conservation/ aspect so we start to understand the global patterns of these land uses.. 2) livelihood dimensions to empower actors that if we are going to conserve more of the planet it will have to be in the stewardship of PEOPLE!
- Slide 10: Recent work/emerging themes/Outlook
- 1) Emerging of big remote sensing data, e.g., merged Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2A/B could provide a unprecedented data sources with high spatial and temporal resolutions; emerging of cloud computing platform, e.g., Google Earth Engine; emerging of new machine learning and deep learning technologies, e.g., improved algorithms on face recognition. 2) Big remote sensing data, cloud computing platform, and machine learning algorithms allow us to extract more information: from land cover to land use and land management (crop types, irrigation, cropping intensity, etc.); 3) The systemic remotely sensed land use and land management information will be beneficial for improving our understanding of LSS.
- improvements in measuring land use, land management and land use intensity are ongoing, but there is really a lot to do there, Erb and Meyfroidt and others have been working to map research avenues for this recently This is also a key area in which the LCLUC / LSS community can bridge with and support the Earth system science community, which is really eager for such datasets that they are increasingly able to absorb in ESMs (earth system models) When we increasingly move towards mapping land use, beyond land cover, a land system perspective becomes increasingly crucial, and the combination with ancillary data is key, so it is really important than this work is not done by interdisciplinary teams with pure remote sensing specialists alongside others
- From 7 years ago looking just at market density to trying to track the way market flows across space impact distant land use..
- There are many research groups working on this topic now…. decoupling of production and consumption, the mix of flow based and place based processes, competition, spill-overs, leakages, displacements (essentially globalization) simply make linking land change to localized processes difficult. Using RS to detect change and being able to trase this to processes for example of LSLAs and associated iLUC (through the use of participatory land observatories established to improve land governance in countries can support such analysis and the analysis in turn can support such platforms..
- Other key issues for GLP: 1) Body of work looking at intensification – Erbs recent paper 2018 shows a massive effect of land use on biomass stocks! . Deforestation and other land-cover changes are responsible for 53–58% of the difference between current and potential biomass stocks while Land management effects (the biomass stock changes induced by land use within the same land cover) contribute 42–47%, but have been underestimated in the literature. Therefore, avoiding deforestation is necessary but not sufficient for mitigation of climate change…Our results imply that trade-offs exist between conserving carbon stocks on managed land and raising the contribution of biomass to raw material and energy supply for the mitigation of climate change 2) The “sustainable food security” domain — sustainable intensification, more empirical work on the land sparing/sharing debate but also new frameworks for understanding and managing it, moving from food to nutritional security, sustainable diets, etc. A lot of work remains to better characterize what could "sustainable intensification" mean at all, and trade-offs between environment and local livelihoods. This is to some extent related to the above pieces as much depends on the value chains - what forms of land use and land systems are better able to provide added value not just overall all along the value chain, but particularly to those that need it the most. And of course characterizing value chains requires first characterizing the supply chains (with the above point on upstream actors). So the point is which systems achieve the desired tradeoffs between producing more "value" (intensification) and distributing it in certain ways.
- LSS has essentially always been composed of these two communities - the RS and the case study and we’re trying to do synthesis across this — direct RS you can do global inferences — and it’s a direct understanding But LSS causes of change require local knowledge (e.g. land tenure ect you have to integrate across a lot of these ) To date there hasn’t been an effort to systematise or build a standardized approach to evaluate the quality or the claim when they produce different kinds of k about different kinds of things…
- Slide 19: Closing global knowledge gaps: Producing generalized knowledge from case studies of social-ecological systems Concerns over rapid widespread changes in social-ecological systems and their consequences for biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, food security, and human livelihoods are driving demands for globally comprehensive knowledge to support decision-making and policy development. Claims of regional or global knowledge about the patterns, causes, and significance of changes in social-ecological systems, or ‘generalized knowledge claims’ (GKCs), are generally produced by synthesis of evidence compiled from local and regional case study observations. GKCs now constitute a wide and varied body of research, yet they are also increasingly contested based on disagreements about their geographic, temporal, and/or thematic validity. There are no accepted guidelines for detecting biases or logical gaps between GKC’s and the evidence used to produce them. Here, we propose a typology of GKCs based on their evidence base and the process by which they are produced. The typology is structured by three dimensions: i) the prior state of knowledge about the phenomenon of interest; ii) the logic of generalization underlying the claim; and iii) the methodology for generalization. From this typology, we propose a standardized approach to assess the quality and commensurability of these dimensions for any given GKC, and their ability to produce robust and transparent knowledge based on constituent evidence. We applied this approach to evaluate two contested GKCs – addressing global biodiversity and large-scale land acquisitions
- Slide 10: Recent work/emerging themes/Outlook
- WHY AN SDG GRAMMAR -- Creating linkages between different clusters of knowledge (and action) on land: there are there two very different land communities working side by side.. (one focused more on land and global change and other other more on policy and development) AS LSS has made a transdisciplinary turn…wanting to become more relevant to decision-making and wanting to work more closely with land governance and policy experts the question then becomes HOW do you get a community of 1300 scientists who have to some extent bought into a normative vision to make these contributions most effectively? Ilast year , GLP held its fourth OSM in Bern, convening around 600 scientists from all over the world. CLICK: question mark How can information flow and collaborative linkages be established between these communities in such a way as to advance common agendas? results from a research we've done at the IPO, that I'll show next was to establish baseline knowledge for building interfaces between science and policy
- ort
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