Forests, Trees and Agroforestry
Christopher Martius, Anja Gassner, Ramni Jamnadass, Margaret Kroma, Robert Nasi, Meine
van Noordwijk, Pablo Pacheco, Fergus Sinclair, Laura Snook, and Mehmood Ul-Hassan
APFW
26 February 2016

Our goals
Vision: A world free of poverty, hunger and environmental degradation.
Reduce
poverty
Improve food and
nutrition security for
health
Improve natural resource
systems and ecosystem
services

The forest transition curve

Theory of how the world changes
Seeing REDD+ through the lens of 4 I’s

Examples of how we work

The Data set
7 Sentinel Landscapes
4 Sentinel Sites per Landscape
10 Villages per Sentinel Site
160 Sampling Points per Sentinel Site
1200 Households per landscape
280 Villages; 8500 Households, 4480
ground truthing points
long-term,
cross-regional
monitoring
FTA
Sentinel Landscapes
Network

Intensification Benefit Index (IBI)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
PDI,$/p/d
Net return, $/ha/y
Median Intensification Benefit Index
Madre de Dios
Cassou
IBI = 2.16
IBI = 0.15
The IBI is the increase in
Personal Daily Income for
each additional $ from
agricultural activities
(increase in net return
per hectare)
It provides an indication
whether an agricultural
intervention is likely to
make a significant
difference to the income
of farmers.
Harris and Orr, 2014

 Large between-site
variation of IBI
 At some sites, fewer
than 50% of
households can
substantiallybenefit
What does it take to lift people out of poverty?
Gassner,Harris,Chiputwa,2015

Oil Palm
THEMES
• Policy frameworks
• Governance arrangements
• Corporate decision-making
• Inclusive business models
• Socio-ecological trade-offs
ACHIEVEMENTS
 Engagement in progress with IPOP
 Panel on international conferences on the challenges
and opportunities from zero deforestation
 Support to InPOP platform on smallholders
 Analyzed business models for oil palm production in
Indonesia, Cameroon, Peru
 Providing inputs to gender perspectives in RSPO
 Inputs to a sustainable OP strategy in Cameroon
 Contributions to the debate on fire and haze
Oil palm in Indonesia and beyond
Related projects
 LIFFE Options (DFID)
 Corporate governance
(DFID)
 Aligning oil palm with
best practices in
Indonesia (CCAFS)
 Supporting local
regulation for
sustainable oil palm in
East Kalimantan (CLUA)
 Oil palm adaptive
landscapes (ETH)
 Governing Oil Palm
Landscapes for
Sustainability, GOLS
(USAID)
 The political economy of
fire and haze (DFID)

Timber
THEMES
 FSC implementation
 FLEGT impacts
 Domestic timber markets
 SMEs economic performance
ACHIEVEMENTS
• Informed debates in the EU on domestic markets
• Strong engagement with FSC to share
recommendations from study in Congo Basin, and
endorsement of recommendations by WWF
• Supported key state agencies in Central Africa for
devising/refining their forestry regulations
• Informed the forestry regulations in Ecuador, and
assessed outcomes in Peru and Bolivia
Timber regulations and trade
Related projects
 Community forestry
enterprises in timber in
Africa (FAO)
 Congo Basin Timber (ATIBT)
 Community forestry regime
in the DRC (CIRAD)
 Technical support for the
implementation of the
VPA/FLEGT in Cameroon
(FAO)
 Africa-China Informal
Resource Trade - ACIRT
(IIED)
 Legal timber applications in
domestic wood markets in
Cameroon (CERAD)
 Development of Intra-African
Trade and Further Processing
in Tropical Timber and
Timber Products (ITTO)

Capturing genetic gain in Allanblackia parviflora
- a new tree crop for Africa
 Progeny evaluation reveals plus trees for selection
 First time fruiting of a 6-year old tree, producing 79 fruits

Public Private Partnerships: Allanblackia
Current members of the partnership
Unilever Funding, product development & marketing
ICRAF Domestication - selection, propagation, germplasm distribution &
conservation, agroforestry development
Novel International Supply chain, marketing, multiplication and distribution
NARS support to R&D
IUCN sustainable harvesting & biodiversity conservation
Farmers Smallholder agroforestry systems
FORM Pilot plantation - Ghana
RSSDA Pilot plantation - Nigeria
UEBT Certification of organic and fair trade standards
 Supply chain and market development

Allanblackia margarine launched in Sept 2014

GCS-REDD+ - Verified „impact stories“
 Global
– CIFOR contributed to the stepwise approach in setting
FRELs/RLs (MRV)
• international expert consultations that led to a UNFCCC
decision 2011 for a stepwise approach on setting,
measuring and reporting reference levels (UNFCC Decision
12/CP17).
– UNREDD made tenure part of its strategy framework
based on information CIFOR generated under this
investment (2014)
 National
– CIFOR was influential in Indonesia’s REDD decisions
• Supported FORDA directly and was involved the Indonesian
National REDD+ Strategy development
• Supplied information that informed the GoI's decisions on
the forest moratorium and forest reference emission
levels (peatland emission factors)
• Support to establishment of Indonesia National Carbon
Accounting System (INCAS) in 2015 (funding from the
Government of Australia)
– CIFOR research contributed to the Cameroon R-PP and
the Peru National REDD+ Strategy
– CIFOR’s engagement with national technical staff in
Guyana and Ethiopia resulted in both countries
adopting CIFOR’s stepwise approach

Partnerships are key for these outcomes
Levels
/
Types
Research Policy and Practice Knowledge-sharing
International
CIRAD, IRD, CSIRO, IUFRO,
other ARIs and universities
CPF, FAO, UNEP, World
Bank, UN-REDD, IPCC, FSC,
IUCN
BBC World Service Trust,
Panos, IUCN, AFP, Reuters,
Google
Regional
CATIE, ANAFE, FARA,
SEANAFE; ASARECA, CORAF,
SAARD, STCP, SA-AP- LA-
FORGEN
AFF, COMIFAC, ECOWAS,
COMESA, ASEAN
RECOFTC, STCP, CATIE
Country or local
NARS, local/national
research organizations,
FORDA, KEFRI
Government, CBOs, NGOs,
private sector
Local NGOs and networks,
government

Partnerships are key for these outcomes
Levels
/
Types
Research Policy and Practice Knowledge-sharing
International
CIRAD, IRD, CSIRO, IUFRO,
other ARIs and universities
CPF, FAO, UNEP, World
Bank, UN-REDD, IPCC, FSC,
IUCN
BBC World Service Trust,
Panos, IUCN, AFP, Reuters,
Google
Regional
CATIE, ANAFE, FARA,
SEANAFE; ASARECA, CORAF,
SAARD, STCP, SA-AP- LA-
FORGEN
AFF, COMIFAC, ECOWAS,
COMESA, ASEAN
RECOFTC, STCP, CATIE
Country or local
NARS, local/national
research organizations,
FORDA, KEFRI
Government, CBOs, NGOs,
private sector
Local NGOs and networks,
government

http://foreststreesagroforestry.org/

Indicator
Total
participants
Female Male
MS Students 146 86 64
PhD Students 86 38 48
Visiting Scientists from
partners-NARES
63 13 50
Trainings events on FTA
related issues for innovation
system actors
6,792 2,540 4,252
Seminars, lectures, road
shows, demonstrations, field
visits
1,672 689 983
Capacity Development
Figures for 2014More than 12,000 trainees over 3 years
New cross-cutting theme created
Efforts to track results beyond numbers

Gender
Full Time Equivalents
Gender integration team with currently 8 members, 6 dedicated
full-time to supporting the process and substance of gender
integration at the different partners.
In the top 4 CRPs, strategy, >130 scientists trained, guidelines, tools
widely used by partners; commitment of 10% of funding going to
Gender relevant research, estimate is 22% (2014) and XX% (2015)

Communication and outreach
 Communications team is
represented by a CIFOR staff &
support consultant with center
focal points.
 Bi-monthly newsletter sent to
5,000, February edition on climate
change had high 21% open rate
 Website: 75% aggregated content from centers and 25%
original content; traffic is up by 50% in last six months; all
content fed to CGIAR.org each day.
 New FTA brochure produced for use by all centers, translated
into Spanish and French
 Global Landscape Forum is supported by FTA.
– In 2014, CCAFS, WLE, CIAT, Bioversity, IWMI, IFPRI, CIP and ICRAF all
participated.
– CIAT and WLE are coordinating partners of GLF 3 in Paris, with World
Bank, UNEP, WRI and FAO

First CGIAR Development Dialogues
 FTA Scientists and Communication
team served as strategic advisors
and on key committees.
 Shared conference experience,
hired venue and led logistics, and
contributed in-kind and financial
resources.

Publications
Type of Publication No. of Titles Open Access %
Article 371 86 23%
Books 37 26 70%
Briefs 79 79 100%
Brochures & Flyers 8 8 100%
Chapters 108 54 50%
Factsheet 13 13 100%
Guideline 1 1 100%
News 5 0 0%
Open Access Database 2 2 100%
Papers 86 86 100%
Poster 11 11 100%
Proceedings 3 0%
Report 11 5 45%
Strategy Documents 2 2 100%
Thesis 4 0%
Tools 7 5 71%
Total 748 378 51%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Bioversity CIAT CIFOR ICRAF
2011 2012 2013 2014
Type 2012 2013 2014
Dev. Co. 30% 33% 28%
Op. Acc. 36% 87% 51%
Figures for 2014
The top 20 FTA publications have
been downloaded more than
160,000 time over 3 years.

 Spatial data and monitoring
– Terra-I (http://www.terra-i.org/terra-i.html)
– Landscape portal (http://landscapeportal.org/)
– CIFOR spatial data portal (http://www.cgiar-csi.org/portfolio-items/forests-of-borneo)
 Networks
– Sentinel Landscapes (http://www1.cifor.org/sentinel-landscapes/home.html)
– Poverty and Environment Network (http://www1.cifor.org/pen)
– Tropical managed forests observatory (http://tmfo.org)
 Data repositories (Dataverse)
– FTA (http://thedata.harvard.edu/dvn/dv/crp6/faces/StudyListingPage.xhtml?mode=1&collectionId=3524)
– CIFOR (http://data.cifor.org/dvn/)
– ICRAF (https://thedata.harvard.edu/dvn/dv/icraf)
Open Data Platforms

• 1.7 million REDD+ publications downloaded
from CIFOR’s website since 2008
Ca. 350 REDD+ publications
•300,000 downloads
•100,000 downloads

FTA Phase 2
Forest transition curve and
the 7 flagships

FTA‘s Theory of Change