1. Latin America: The World’s Future Rice Bowl? R. S. Zeigler Director General International Rice Research Institute
2.
3. Global Rice Area and Production Source: You, Wood-Sichra and Wood, 2009 Cells are approximately 100 x 100 hectares at the equator Production in metric tons per cell 1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000
4.
5. Myanmar Rice is typically grown by small family farm enterprises (<2 ha)
6. If we want to do something about poverty, it is clear that we must invest in rice 90% of the world’s rice is produced and consumed in Asia Over 70% of the world’s poor are in Asia Poverty Each dot represents 250,000 people living on less than $1.25 a day, 2005 Rice Consumption Annual consumption per capita <25kg 25-50 50-75 75-100 >100kg
7.
8. Peter Jennings: Creator of the foundation of modern rice varieties Brought these to Latin America…revolutionized rice production
11. Global rice production increases needed to meet demand by 2035 Where Will the World’s Rice Come From?
12.
13. To Make Matters Worse: Climate Change Effects on Rice Production Hit Asia Hard
14. Sea – Level Rise >60% of Global Increase in Rice Production in the last 30 years came from Delta countries of Asia Impact of Cyclone Nargis in Burma (May 08) Before Nargis After Nargis Irrawaddy Delta
15. Where Will This Rice Come From? Crop Land in Use and Total Suitable Land Source: World Agriculture Towards 2015/2030, FAO http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/Y3557E/y3557e08.htm#TopofPage Majority of suitable land unavailable or locked up in other uses 45%: forest 12%: Protected area 3%: human settlements The remaining land may have problems such as low soil fertility, high soil toxicity, etc.
16. Each dot represents 5,000 hectares of rice Rice ecosystems in Latin America Irrigated fields Rainfed, flooded fields Rainfed, non flooded fields Source: Hijmans, 2008 < 5% of global rice production
17. Trends in rice area: 1980 - 2010 Source: USDA, 2010 Rice area in hectares < 50,000 50,000 – 100,000 100,000 – 200,000 200,000 – 500,000 > 500,000 Over the last 30 years the rice area in Brazil has reduced from 6.1m to 2.9m hectares, while in the rest of LAC the rice area has increased from 1.9m to 2.8m hectares 1980 1990 2000 2010
18. LAC Rice Consumption vs Population (1990=100) Index of Population and Consumption (1990=100) Rising significance of Rice in LAC Food Basket
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. “ The majority view, contending that more productive varieties were needed, led to massive investment during the past 25 years in biotechnology and genetics and under-investment in crop management.” Rice Today, April-June 2007
24. What happened after the Green Revolution of the 1970s? E. Pulver After a doubling of yields, no major gains since the early 1980s HOWEVER, that does not mean that advances were not made: Grain quality, growth duration, disease and insect resistance… My bet where yields would be With no new varieties
25. Latin American Fund for Irrigated Rice (FLAR) South – South platform that seeks synergy in rice R & E Established in 1995
26. Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil 9032 Farms 1.1 million ha FRONTEIRA OESTE PLANÍCIE COSTEIRA INTERNA ZONA SUL DEPRESSÃO CENTRAL CAMPANHA PLANÍCIE COSTEIRA EXTERNA 1.371 Farm 141.206 ha 601 Farm 177.588 ha 1.127 Farm 166.060 ha 1.084 Farm 303.920 ha 3.375 Farm 158.445 ha 1.474 Farm 129.155ha
32. Is There the Political Will? A Look at Trends Over the Last Several Decades Suggests Not
33. Source: Public Agricultural Research in Latin America and the Caribbean by G. Stads and N. M. Beintema Trend in Agricultural R&D Expenditures in Developing Countries, 1981-2006 LAC Massive investments In Asia
34. Irrigation Investment in LAC ¿ ! 1995-09 (WB only) Source: www.worldbank.org Source: Irrigation and Water Resources in Latin America and the Caribbean: Challenges and Strategies by Ringer, Rosegrant and Paisner 1962-95 (IDB+WB))
35. Policies & Markets Can A Major Shift in Trade of a Major Crop Happen? It Has Before…
41. Thank you “ Since the way to feed the world is not to bring more land under cultivation, but to increase yields, science is crucial. ” The Economist “ The Silent Tsunami ” 19 April 2008
42. Help us fill the world’s rice bowls Come join us! http://irri.org/JoinUs
![What is rice? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)