Africa Team INTEGRATING CIAT RESEARCH IN AFRICA Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

Millennium Development Goals Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger and halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than US$1 a day AU/NEPAD Growth in GDP of 6% pa by 2015 4% growth rate in agricultural productivity FARA / ASARECA /FANR /CORAF Commitment to indicators linked to the MDG for poverty and NEPAD’s goal for economic growth Is increased economic growth and improved livelihoods while enhancing the quality of the environment CIAT To reduce hunger and poverty and improve human health in the tropics through research to increase the eco-efficiency of agriculture and enhance the nutritional value of foods . Common Goals to Address Africa’s Problems FARA / ASARECA /FANR /CORAF Commitment to indicators linked to the MDG for poverty and NEPAD’s goal for economic growth Is increased economic growth and improved livelihoods while enhancing the quality of the environment

CIAT AFRICA STRATEGY  Contribution towards addressing the complex problems (poverty, productivity, impact on climate variation)  Add value and addresses both regional goals & system priorities.  Define and exploit CIAT’s global and regional comparative advantages  A partnership based on value addition, synergy and achieving common and our strategic goals (research and development). The CIAT Africa strategy aims to respond to African needs through research where CIAT and its partners have a comparative advantage .

CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS FOR CGIAR, CIAT, CIAT-AFRICA CGIAR/STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES GLOBAL CIAT CIAT AFRICA -PABRA A1. Food for People B1. Improved crops for the poor C1a. Improving nutrition and health of vulnerable communities through bean products C 1b. Pro-poor market development A2. Environment for People B2. Improving soil fertility management C2a. Building soil assets for small farmer productivity and environmental services C2b. Enhancing systems resilience so as to lessen or prevent impact of environmental /ecological stresses A3. Policies for People B3. Latin America and the Caribbean C3. Building capacity building and knowledge management for policy and advocacy (Institutional strengthening). B4. Catalyzing partnerships in REU C4. Reaching the hard to reach faster and more efficiently B5. Mainstreaming Gender C5. Mainstreaming Gender

TARGET REGION Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

TSBF Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor IMPACT ZONES Beans

CORAF FANR/SADC ASARECA UGANDA (Kampala) KAWANDA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH STATION RWANDA (Kigali) ISAR MALAWI (Lilongwe) CHITEDZE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH STATION ZIMBABWE (Harare) TANZANIA (Arusha) SELIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KENYA UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI ICRAF SADORE (Mali) KINSHASA (DRC) MAPUTO (Mozambique) MASENO BUKAVU (eastern DRC) Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

DONORS CIDA, SDC, USAID, BMGF, McKnight, ASARECA, KHT, SADC-FANR , AGRA, KIRKHOUSE WECABREN 7 9 10 Uganda - Sudan Tanzania (North) DRC - W, North& East. Kenya - Rwanda Burundi - E thiopia Madagascar Angola - Lesotho Malawi - Mozambique Swaziland - South Africa Tanzania-South - Zambia Zimbabwe - DR Congo-South Central Africa Republic Congo Brazzaville Cameroun - Togo Burkina Faso Guinea Country Senegal Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA) Member Countries (24)

HOW PABRA WORKS Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

Tanzania & Zimbabwe Tanzania & Ethiopia D R Congo & South Africa Kenya South Africa & Ethiopia South Africa & Madagascar Kenya Rwanda Malawi & Uganda Shared Breeding Responsibilities: CIAT-HQ, CIAT-Africa & NARS Dark Red Kidney Climbing Beans Snap Beans ( French ) Large White Small White Pintos, Carioca s Sugar, Tan & Yellow Others Small Red Red Mottled CIAT –Africa Regional Programs CIAT HQ

Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor Interaction Within and Between Networks

1. Structure of the networks…Primary and secondary partners Existing strong linkages between NBP, NGOs and Department of Extension at District Level (Dark Blue Circles)

PAST ACHIEVEMENTS 2003 - 2008 Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

Outputs Outcomes Impact PABRA Model, (2003 – 2008 Framework) Genetic improvement ISFM & IPDM Wider Impact Community skills and knowledge Gender and equity Partner skills and knowledge Institutional capacity (network) Increased utilization of bean based technologies Enhanced capacity of communities Strengthening institution and organization capacity Improved Nutrition, Food Security, Income and Community Empowerment for Poverty Alleviation, and in a Sustainable Manner

Pythium species (identified by sequencing) pathogenic to beans and their distribution Pathogenic Species Isolates Uganda Kenya Rwanda Total P. ultimum 17 9 23 50 P. aphanidermatum 1 1 2 P. irregulare 9 1 10 P. myriotylum 1 1 2 P. torulosum 8 11 10 29 P. salpingophorum 12 1 4 17 P. spinosum 7 1 7 15 P. pachycaule 3 3 P. graminicola 7 7 P. nodosum 2 2 P. paroecandrum 3 3 6 Reaction of AND 1062, RWR 719 and susceptible CAL 96 and LRK 33-1 following inoculation with P. ultimum

Some countries have no breeding programs– but have released bean varieties. Some varieties are released in more than one country- “Nets that work for all” M C R Varieties released in PABRA region 2003-2008 Market Class Varieties Released Countries Red mottled 17 CD, KE, RW, ET, UG, ZW, SW, TZ, MZ Red Kidney 15 CD, MD, KE, RW, TZ,UG, ET, ZM, TZ Sugars/speckled 31 KE, CD, ET,UG, ZW, SW, TZ, MZ, MW, LE Climbing beans 26 CD, KE, TZ, MD, RW, ET, UG Small & Medium Red 9 ET, KE, MD, CD Navy & Large White 22 TZ, MD, ET, SU, ZW, ZM, SW, CD, ZA, LE Brown and Tans 24 RW, BU, DRC, ET, ZM, ZW, TZ, DRC, MW Purples & Others 3 ZM, CD, LE Total 147

Participatory evaluation leaves of Maharagi Soja Line Grain Leaf Fe (ppm) Zn (ppm) Protein (%) Fe (ppm) Zn (ppm) Protein (%) AFR 708 83 30 21.0 1062 52 17.0 K132 70 31 23.0 1931 53 15.6 TY 3396-12 95 33 nd 482 38 27.6 b. Trial range 49 -107 20-50 16 - 27 397-2498 20-67 15 - 27

Source: KEPHIS, 2008. GLP 92 (Mwitemania), GLP 1127 (Mwezi Moja) and GLP 2 (Rosecoco) were checks. Performance of Fast Track Bush Lines in Kenya, 2007 and 2008 Genotype Lowland sites Highland sites Mean yield (kg ha- 1 ) Yield over best check (%) Yield over mean of checks (%) Mean yield (kg ha- 1 ) Yield over best check (%) Yield over mean of checks (%) MN 1 1150 20.9 33.8 2030 32.6 45.1 MN 3 1130 18.8 31.5 1960 28.7 45.1 MN 6 1130 18.0 30.6 2800 80.6 97.7 MN 9 1010 6.1 17.5 1890 23.3 35.0 MN 5 880 -7.3 2.6 1150 -24.8 2.6 MN 10 950 -0.1 10.6 1210 -20.5 10.6 MN 2 880 -7.4 2.5 1260 -7.0 2.5 MN 11 510 -46.6 -40.3 1420 -46.6 1.8 GLP 92 950 1380 GLP 1127 800 1530 GLP 2 830 1280

white cream light brown brown mottled black dark red dark red mottled Tajeri Foman 2006 Dose dependent effect of bean polyphenols on iron absorption Polyphenol content of beans from Eastern Africa (Not published) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 MEX 142 CAB 19 VCB 81013 Awash Melka Ranjonomby Ituri Matata HRS 545 CAB 2 CAB 19 (F9) Maharagi Libi RWV 528 Roba 1 Nakaja Gofta G 2331 TY 3396-12 Zebra GLP X92 Ayenew Selian 97 Umubano RWR 10 Vuninkingi GLP 585 Decelaya GLP 24 Umubano K1 ABA 136 Vuninkingi Mashai Red MCM 2001 39.33333333 Oba -1 GLP 2 AND 620 PVA 8 VNB 81010 BCR 4 MLB 49/89A mg GAE/100g dm

PABRA’s NEW PHASE 2009 - 2013 Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

Improved nutrition and health, gender equality, food security, incomes and natural resource base for sustainable livelihoods of resource poor women and men farmers Resilience – Improved varieties Resilience Non varietal Access and utilization of micronutrient-rich bean varieties and products Opportunities of new and expanding markets Reaching end users Knowledge sharing and use, policy, M&E Tools targeting technologies for specific stresses Mechanisms for resistance Options for managing stress environments Tools to diagnose and understand acute stress constraints Mineral rich bean varieties Bean based food products Bio-availability, bio-efficacy, retention of micronutrients and health qualities Information on and linking to markets Competitive and market demanded products Bean production for niche markets Seed systems and information Environment stress management products Micro nutrient dense bean based products Policy tools Synergies, efficiencies, and accountability, in responding to demand in new areas Knowledge base Policy and advocacy Outcomes Outputs Project Goal PABRA FRAMEWORK 2009-2013 Gender Equality Integration of women in technology dev, Integration of women in res and decision making in PABRA

MAPPING COMPLEMENTARY PROJECTS/PRGMS IN PABRA DONORS AND DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS Figures indicate number of countries Outcome Resilience varieties Res Non- var Nutrition Markets REU Capacity Gender KT 4 4 AGRA 5 1 √ 5 2 √ BMGF 5 5 √ NUTRIBEAN 3 3 3 HP 2 2 √ MKF 3 3 √ MSI CRSP ASARECA BMZ NGO’s GOVTs 1 1 2 √ 1 √ 1 √ √ 1 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Budget from donors and estimated input / contributions by partners / government. Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Donor/ Contrib. US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ CIDA 1,612,000 1,530,000 1,596,000 1,610,000 1,650000, SDC 1.050,000 1.050,000 1.050,000 1,050,000 1,050,000 BMGF 800,000 800,000 ? ? AGRA 105,000 105,000 100’000 ? VLIR 120,000 120,000 CIAT (HQ) 200,000 200,000 200,000 150,000 150,000 NARS (in Kind) 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 NGOs (in kind) 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 Total 10,887,000 10,805,000 9,946,000 9,810,000 9,850,000

OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTEGRATION Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

Integration in Africa  Reaching the hard to reach  Maximizing farmers’ benefit from markets  Building eco-system resilience  Linking agriculture to health  Institutional strengthening PROGRAM AREAS & PROGRAMS LOCATION FOR INTEGRATION AG-BIO TSBF LAC AFRICA 5 Thematic Areas or Projects

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Eco-Efficient Agriculture for the Poor

SSACP

I ntensively cultivated slopes in the LK PLS

Research Questions Which options enhance and/or stabilize productivity while ensuring sustainable NRM under different bio-physical and socio-economic conditions ? Which productivity enhancing technologies and practices ensure conservation of the NR base? Under what conditions does improved access to and competitiveness of smallholder farmers in input and output markets enhance investment into NRM? What NRM options and strategies facilitate farmers and other actors to effectively respond to market opportunities such as change in seasonal demands and consumer preferences for differentiated products How can diverse rural households and their support institutions be empowered to be pro-active members of value chains? Under what conditions do commodity value chains lead to improved productivity and competitiveness of alternative enterprises? What market institutional innovations are required to increase productivity and competitiveness of smallholder producers? D E F What are the requisite policies and institutions needed to enable integrated NRM to create new income sources, increased productivity as well as encourage investments in conservation? What trade, value addition and food security policies enhance the efficiency of agricultural markets and make them work better for the small farmers? Efficient markets Productivity Policies Sustainable NRM D F A B E C

Innovation Platforms-Learning alliances

ACTION & COUNTERFACTUAL SITES Country Market accessibility Good Poor Uganda Chahi Bufundi Rwanda Gataraga Mudende Rwerere DRC Muvunyi-Shanga Kisigari

Categories of stakeholders in Bufundi Stake holder category No. of groups No. of linkages 1. Private sector 5 15 2. Farmer 4 30 3. Extension 4 15 4. Policy makers 2 5 5. Researchers 1 3 6. NGO 1 4